Journal of blood transfusion最新文献

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Blood Transfusion Practice among Healthcare Personnel in Nepal: An Observational Study. 尼泊尔医护人员的输血实践:一项观察性研究。
Journal of blood transfusion Pub Date : 2018-02-12 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6190859
Abja Sapkota, Sabitra Poudel, Arun Sedhain, Niru Khatiwada
{"title":"Blood Transfusion Practice among Healthcare Personnel in Nepal: An Observational Study.","authors":"Abja Sapkota,&nbsp;Sabitra Poudel,&nbsp;Arun Sedhain,&nbsp;Niru Khatiwada","doi":"10.1155/2018/6190859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6190859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The complications associated with errors in transfusion practice can be minimized by assessing transfusion practices. In Nepal, there is no standard protocol on blood transfusion. So, this study was conducted with an aim to assess the blood transfusion practice among healthcare personnel.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive observational study was conducted in two tertiary hospitals in Kathmandu, Nepal, over a period of 10 months. Bedside blood transfusion procedures were observed using structured checklist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Altogether, 86 observations were made. Time taken from dispatch from the blood bank to transfusion was >2 hours in 53.2% of cases. In majority of the cases, blood was kept in the ward in uncontrolled and unprotected manner by the patients' relatives. Only 8.2% of the patients and/or the relatives were informed about the reasons, associated probable risks (2.4%), and the benefits of transfusion (4.7%). Assessment of vital signs at 15 minutes of initiation of transfusion was done on about 2 to 4% of cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found a suboptimal blood transfusion practice in Nepal, which could be attributable to substantial knowledge gap among healthcare personnel and the absence of quality culture, quality system, and quality management in the area of blood transfusion practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":89964,"journal":{"name":"Journal of blood transfusion","volume":"2018 ","pages":"6190859"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2018/6190859","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36022100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Blood Safety Status in WHO African Region Countries: Lessons Learnt from Mauritius. 世卫组织非洲区域国家的血液安全状况:从毛里求斯吸取的经验教训。
Journal of blood transfusion Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-10-17 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1970479
André Loua, Janaki Sonoo, Laurent Musango, Jean Baptiste Nikiema, Thomas Lapnet-Moustapha
{"title":"Blood Safety Status in WHO African Region Countries: Lessons Learnt from Mauritius.","authors":"André Loua, Janaki Sonoo, Laurent Musango, Jean Baptiste Nikiema, Thomas Lapnet-Moustapha","doi":"10.1155/2017/1970479","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2017/1970479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2001, the WHO Office for Africa adopted a strategy for blood safety defining four targets. This paper describes the progress made by Mauritius in the implementation of this strategy. The blood safety indicators were collected and compared with the norms recommended by WHO. The country has formulated its blood policy and developed a strategic plan for its implementation since 2004. The total number of blood donations increased from 31,228 in 2002 to 43,742 in 2016, giving an annual blood collection rate evolving from 26.3 per 1000 inhabitants in 2002 to 34.2 per 1000 inhabitants in 2016. The percentage of voluntary donations rose from 60% to 82.5%. Since 2002, all the blood units collected have been tested for the mandatory infectious markers. The Blood Transfusion Service has been certified ISO2008-9001 and nucleic acid testing has been introduced. The preparation of blood components increased from 60% to 98.2%. The most transfused blood components were red cell concentrates, platelet concentrates, and fresh frozen plasma. In addition to transfusion activities, there were other departments performing antenatal serology, tissue typing, special investigations, and reagent preparation. Despite the progress made, some challenges remain, namely, legal framework and haemovigilance system. A regulatory system for blood needs to be established.</p>","PeriodicalId":89964,"journal":{"name":"Journal of blood transfusion","volume":"2017 ","pages":"1970479"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5664371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35290631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Quality and Safety of Blood Products 血液制品的质量和安全
Journal of blood transfusion Pub Date : 2016-12-29 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2482157
S. Ramirez‐Arcos, D. Marks, J. Acker, W. Sheffield
{"title":"Quality and Safety of Blood Products","authors":"S. Ramirez‐Arcos, D. Marks, J. Acker, W. Sheffield","doi":"10.1155/2016/2482157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/2482157","url":null,"abstract":"1Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1G 4J5 2Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Sydney, NSW, Australia 3Canadian Blood Services, 8249-114 Street, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2R8 4Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, 8249-114 Street, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2R8 5Canadian Blood Services, Hamilton, ON, Canada 6Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, HSC 4N66, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5","PeriodicalId":89964,"journal":{"name":"Journal of blood transfusion","volume":"59 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75988901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Factors Associated with Voluntary Blood Donation among University Students in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania 坦桑尼亚乞力马扎罗市大学生自愿献血的知识、态度、行为和相关因素
Journal of blood transfusion Pub Date : 2016-12-14 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8546803
Elionora Elias, Wilhellmuss I Mauka, R. Philemon, Damian J. Damian, M. Mahande, S. Msuya
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Factors Associated with Voluntary Blood Donation among University Students in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania","authors":"Elionora Elias, Wilhellmuss I Mauka, R. Philemon, Damian J. Damian, M. Mahande, S. Msuya","doi":"10.1155/2016/8546803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8546803","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Understanding the knowledge and awareness of blood donation among potential blood donors in the population, like young people, and the associated attitudes and practices is important. Methodology. This was a cross-sectional study whereby a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information from the consenting participants. Results. A total of 422 participants were enrolled. Their mean age was 24.2 (SD 3.6) years. Of the 422, 30% have ever donated blood. 55% of those who had ever donated were repeated blood donors. Majority of the participants (93%) had positive attitudes towards blood donation and 88% were willing to donate in the future. Factors that were significantly associated with ever donating blood were male gender, knowing a person who has donated blood, knowledge of the amount of blood donated, willingness to donate in the future, and not expecting any postdonation reward. Discussion. High awareness, positive attitude, and high intention to donate in the future should be used to underscore the need to educate the young people on the value of blood donation in saving lives and to give them correct information on overall requirements for blood donation.","PeriodicalId":89964,"journal":{"name":"Journal of blood transfusion","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90453855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 36
Could Microparticles Be the Universal Quality Indicator for Platelet Viability and Function? 微粒能否成为血小板活力和功能的通用质量指标?
Journal of blood transfusion Pub Date : 2016-12-08 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6140239
E. Maurer-Spurej, K. Chipperfield
{"title":"Could Microparticles Be the Universal Quality Indicator for Platelet Viability and Function?","authors":"E. Maurer-Spurej, K. Chipperfield","doi":"10.1155/2016/6140239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6140239","url":null,"abstract":"High quality means good fitness for the intended use. Research activity regarding quality measures for platelet transfusions has focused on platelet storage and platelet storage lesion. Thus, platelet quality is judged from the manufacturer's point of view and regulated to ensure consistency and stability of the manufacturing process. Assuming that fresh product is always superior to aged product, maintaining in vitro characteristics should preserve high quality. However, despite the highest in vitro quality standards, platelets often fail in vivo. This suggests we may need different quality measures to predict platelet performance after transfusion. Adding to this complexity, platelets are used clinically for very different purposes: platelets need to circulate when given as prophylaxis to cancer patients and to stop bleeding when given to surgery or trauma patients. In addition, the emerging application of platelet-rich plasma injections exploits the immunological functions of platelets. Requirements for quality of platelets intended to prevent bleeding, stop bleeding, or promote wound healing are potentially very different. Can a single measurable characteristic describe platelet quality for all uses? Here we present microparticle measurement in platelet samples, and its potential to become the universal quality characteristic for platelet production, storage, viability, function, and compatibility.","PeriodicalId":89964,"journal":{"name":"Journal of blood transfusion","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87110810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Effectiveness of Provider Education Followed by Computerized Provider Order Entry Alerts in Reducing Inappropriate Red Blood Cell Transfusion 提供者教育后计算机化提供者指令输入警报在减少不适当红细胞输血中的有效性
Journal of blood transfusion Pub Date : 2016-12-05 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2859720
V. M. Patel, A. Rains, Christopher T Clark
{"title":"Effectiveness of Provider Education Followed by Computerized Provider Order Entry Alerts in Reducing Inappropriate Red Blood Cell Transfusion","authors":"V. M. Patel, A. Rains, Christopher T Clark","doi":"10.1155/2016/2859720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/2859720","url":null,"abstract":"To reduce the rate of inappropriate red blood cell transfusion, a provider education program, followed by alerts in the computerized provider order entry system (CPOE), was established to encourage AABB transfusion guidelines. Metrics were established for nonemergent inpatient transfusions. Service lines with high order volume were targeted with formal education regarding AABB 2012 transfusion guidelines. Transfusion orders were reviewed in real time with email communications sent to ordering providers falling outside of AABB recommendations. After 12 months of provider education, alerts were activated in CPOE. With provider education alone, the incidence of pretransfusion hemoglobin levels greater than 8 g/dL decreased from 16.64% to 6.36%, posttransfusion hemoglobin levels greater than 10 g/dL from 14.03% to 3.78%, and number of nonemergent two-unit red blood cell orders from 45.26% to 22.66%. Red blood cell utilization decreased by 13%. No additional significant reduction in nonemergent two-unit orders was observed with CPOE alerts. Provider education, an effective and low-cost method, should be considered as a first-line method for reducing inappropriate red blood cell transfusion rates in stable adult inpatients. Alerts in the computerized order entry system did not significantly lower the percentage of two-unit red blood cells orders but may help to maintain educational efforts.","PeriodicalId":89964,"journal":{"name":"Journal of blood transfusion","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88012269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Stability of Thawed Apheresis Fresh-Frozen Plasma Stored for up to 120 Hours at 1°C to 6°C 解冻血浆的稳定性新鲜冷冻血浆在1°C至6°C下储存长达120小时
Journal of blood transfusion Pub Date : 2016-11-24 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6260792
W. Sheffield, V. Bhakta, Q. Yi, C. Jenkins
{"title":"Stability of Thawed Apheresis Fresh-Frozen Plasma Stored for up to 120 Hours at 1°C to 6°C","authors":"W. Sheffield, V. Bhakta, Q. Yi, C. Jenkins","doi":"10.1155/2016/6260792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6260792","url":null,"abstract":"Regulations concerning the storage of transfusable plasma differ internationally. In Canada, plasma obtained from whole blood donations and frozen within 24 hours of phlebotomy (frozen plasma, FP) may be thawed and transfused within 120 hours of refrigerated storage. However, plasma frozen within 8 hours of phlebotomy following apheresis donation (FFPA) must be transfused within 24 hours of thawing and refrigeration. Our objectives were to measure coagulation factors (F) V, VII, and VIII, fibrinogen activities, and the prothrombin time (PT) in thawed refrigerated FFPA at 0, 24, and 120 hours of storage and to compare these values to those in thawed refrigerated FP. Fibrinogen activity remained unchanged over time, while mean factor levels in 28 FFPA units declined by 17% (FV), 19.7% (FVII), and 54.6% (FVIII) over 120 hours, while PT values rose to 7.6%. Factor activities were significantly higher in FFPA than FP after 120 hours of refrigerated storage. Residual FVIII activities in thawed FFPA met predefined noninferiority criteria compared to thawed FP after 120 hours. These results support a change in Canadian regulations to permit transfusion of thawed FFPA made in a closed system and refrigerated for up to 120 hours, one that could reduce wastage of transfusable plasma.","PeriodicalId":89964,"journal":{"name":"Journal of blood transfusion","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82160445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Mitigating the Risk of Transfusion-Transmitted Dengue in Australia 在澳大利亚降低输血传播登革热的风险
Journal of blood transfusion Pub Date : 2016-11-13 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3059848
Kelly M. Rooks, C. Seed, J. Fryk, C. Hyland, R. Harley, J. Holmberg, D. Marks, R. Flower, H. Faddy
{"title":"Mitigating the Risk of Transfusion-Transmitted Dengue in Australia","authors":"Kelly M. Rooks, C. Seed, J. Fryk, C. Hyland, R. Harley, J. Holmberg, D. Marks, R. Flower, H. Faddy","doi":"10.1155/2016/3059848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3059848","url":null,"abstract":"Dengue viruses (DENV 1–4) are a risk to transfusion safety, with several transfusion-transmitted (TT) cases reported globally. DENV 1–4 are endemic in over 100 countries, with seasonal outbreaks occurring in northeastern Australia. To mitigate TT-DENV risk in Australia, fresh blood components are not manufactured from donors returning from any area (domestic/overseas) with known dengue transmission. Alternatively, TT-DENV risk may be mitigated using an appropriate blood donor screening assay. We aimed to determine the rate of dengue infection in donors during dengue outbreaks in Australia. Plasma samples were collected from blood donors during local dengue outbreaks. All samples were tested for the presence of DENV RNA and selected samples were tested for DENV antigen (nonstructural protein 1, NS1) with two assays. No donors residing in high risk areas had detectable levels of DENV RNA or NS1 and no cases of DENV viremia were detected in blood donors residing in areas of Australia experiencing DENV outbreaks. Definitive conclusions could not be drawn from this study; however, the lack of detection of DENV RNA or antigen in donations suggests that the current risk of TT-DENV is low and maintaining the fresh component restriction for “at-risk” donors is appropriate.","PeriodicalId":89964,"journal":{"name":"Journal of blood transfusion","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83412365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
A Comparative Study of Assay Performance of Commercial Hepatitis E Virus Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kits in Australian Blood Donor Samples 商用戊型肝炎病毒酶联免疫吸附检测试剂盒在澳大利亚献血者样本中检测性能的比较研究
Journal of blood transfusion Pub Date : 2016-11-07 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9647675
A. Shrestha, R. Flower, C. Seed, S. Stramer, H. Faddy
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Assay Performance of Commercial Hepatitis E Virus Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kits in Australian Blood Donor Samples","authors":"A. Shrestha, R. Flower, C. Seed, S. Stramer, H. Faddy","doi":"10.1155/2016/9647675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9647675","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is transfusion-transmissible and therefore poses a risk to blood transfusion safety. Seroprevalence studies are useful for estimating disease burden and determining risk factors. Considerable variability in the sensitivity of HEV antibody detection assays exists. This study aimed to compare the performances of commercially available HEV enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in Australian blood donor samples. Plasma samples that tested positive (n = 194) or negative (n = 200) for HEV IgG (Wantai HEV IgG ELISA) were selected. Of the 194 HEV IgG positive samples, 4 were positive for HEV IgM (Wantai HEV IgM ELISA). All samples were tested with the MP Diagnostics: HEV IgG ELISA, total (IgG, IgM, and IgA) HEV antibody ELISA, and HEV IgM ELISA. Of the 194 Wantai HEV IgG positive samples, 92 (47%) tested positive with the MP Diagnostics HEV IgG ELISA (κ = 0.47) and 126 (65%) with MP Diagnostics total HEV antibody assay (κ = 0.65). There was poor agreement between Wantai and MP Diagnostics HEV IgM assays. This study demonstrated poor agreement between the assays tested. These observations are consistent with previous reports demonstrating significant variability between HEV ELISAs, highlighting that results of HEV serology should be interpreted with caution.","PeriodicalId":89964,"journal":{"name":"Journal of blood transfusion","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80248593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 22
A New Proof of Concept in Bacterial Reduction: Antimicrobial Action of Violet-Blue Light (405 nm) in Ex Vivo Stored Plasma 减少细菌的新概念证明:紫蓝光(405 nm)在体外储存等离子体中的抗菌作用
Journal of blood transfusion Pub Date : 2016-09-28 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2920514
M. Maclean, John G. Anderson, S. Macgregor, Tracy White, C. Atreya
{"title":"A New Proof of Concept in Bacterial Reduction: Antimicrobial Action of Violet-Blue Light (405 nm) in Ex Vivo Stored Plasma","authors":"M. Maclean, John G. Anderson, S. Macgregor, Tracy White, C. Atreya","doi":"10.1155/2016/2920514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/2920514","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial contamination of injectable stored biological fluids such as blood plasma and platelet concentrates preserved in plasma at room temperature is a major health risk. Current pathogen reduction technologies (PRT) rely on the use of chemicals and/or ultraviolet light, which affects product quality and can be associated with adverse events in recipients. 405 nm violet-blue light is antibacterial without the use of photosensitizers and can be applied at levels safe for human exposure, making it of potential interest for decontamination of biological fluids such as plasma. As a pilot study to test whether 405 nm light is capable of inactivating bacteria in biological fluids, rabbit plasma and human plasma were seeded with bacteria and treated with a 405 nm light emitting diode (LED) exposure system (patent pending). Inactivation was achieved in all tested samples, ranging from low volumes to prebagged plasma. 99.9% reduction of low density bacterial populations (≤103 CFU mL−1), selected to represent typical “natural” contamination levels, was achieved using doses of 144 Jcm−2. The penetrability of 405 nm light, permitting decontamination of prebagged plasma, and the nonrequirement for photosensitizing agents provide a new proof of concept in bacterial reduction in biological fluids, especially injectable fluids relevant to transfusion medicine.","PeriodicalId":89964,"journal":{"name":"Journal of blood transfusion","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88491441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
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