ISRN AIDS最新文献_第3页

Conservation, Compensation, and Evolution of N-Linked Glycans in the HIV-1 Group M Subtypes and Circulating Recombinant Forms. n -链聚糖在HIV-1 M组亚型和循环重组形式中的保护、补偿和进化

ISRN AIDS Pub Date : 2012-12-19 eCollection Date: 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2012/823605

Simon A Travers

{"title":"Conservation, Compensation, and Evolution of N-Linked Glycans in the HIV-1 Group M Subtypes and Circulating Recombinant Forms.","authors":"Simon A Travers","doi":"10.5402/2012/823605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/823605","url":null,"abstract":"The \"glycan shield\" exposed on the surface of the HIV-1 gp120 env glycoprotein has been previously proposed as a novel target for anti-HIV treatments. While such targeting of these glycans provides an exciting prospect for HIV treatment, little is known about the conservation and variability of glycosylation patterns within and between the various HIV-1 group M subtypes and circulating recombinant forms. Here, we present evidence of strong strain-specific glycosylation patterns and show that the epitope for the 2G12 neutralising antibody is poorly conserved across HIV-1 group M. The unique glycosylation patterns within the HIV-1 group M subtypes and CRFs appear to explain their varying susceptibility to neutralisation by broadly cross-neutralising (BCN) antibodies. Compensatory glycosylation at linearly distant yet three-dimensionally proximal amino acid positions appears to maintain the integrity of the glycan shield while conveying resistance to neutralisation by BCN antibodies. We find that highly conserved clusters of glycosylated residues do exist on the gp120 trimer surface and suggest that these positions may provide an exciting target for the development of BCN anticarbohydrate therapies. ","PeriodicalId":89950,"journal":{"name":"ISRN AIDS","volume":"2012 ","pages":"823605"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3765798/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31747552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

HIV-Positive Status Disclosure and Associated Factors among Children in North Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. 埃塞俄比亚西北部北部贡达尔儿童艾滋病病毒阳性状况披露及其相关因素

ISRN AIDS Pub Date : 2012-12-13 eCollection Date: 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2012/485720

Digsu Negese, Kefyalew Addis, Akilew Awoke, Zelalem Birhanu, Dagnachew Muluye, Sisay Yifru, Berihun Megabiaw

{"title":"HIV-Positive Status Disclosure and Associated Factors among Children in North Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Digsu Negese, Kefyalew Addis, Akilew Awoke, Zelalem Birhanu, Dagnachew Muluye, Sisay Yifru, Berihun Megabiaw","doi":"10.5402/2012/485720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/485720","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Clinical reports have indicated positive outcomes associated with disclosure of HIV-positive status in children. This study assessed the level and associated factors of HIV-positive status disclosure to HIV-infected children in northwest Ethiopia. Methods. Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV-positive children from March to April 2012. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire by face-to-face interview technique. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results. Of the 428 children, 169 (39.5%) were disclosed their HIV-positive status. The mean age of HIV-positive status disclosure was at 10.7 (±2.3) years. Having a nonbiological parent (AOR = 4.14, 95% CI: 1.22, 14.04), child's age older than 10 years (AOR = 8.54, 95% CI: 4.5, 15.53), and death of a family member (AOR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.16, 3.6) were significantly and independently associated with disclosure of HIV-positive status to infected children. Conclusions. The rate of disclosure of HIV-positive status to infected children still remains low in North Gondar. Hence, it is important to target children living with their biological parents and having young parents and children younger than 10 years. The guideline for disclosure of children with HIV/AIDS should be established in an Ethiopian context. ","PeriodicalId":89950,"journal":{"name":"ISRN AIDS","volume":"2012 ","pages":"485720"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3767337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31747011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 50

Moderate-Intensity Exercise Improves Body Composition and Improves Physiological Markers of Stress in HIV-Infected Men. 中等强度运动可改善hiv感染男性的身体成分和应激生理指标。

ISRN AIDS Pub Date : 2012-12-11 eCollection Date: 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2012/145127

Wesley David Dudgeon, Jason Reed Jaggers, Kenneth Doyle Phillips, John Larry Durstine, Stephanie E Burgess, George William Lyerly, John Mark Davis, Gregory Alan Hand

{"title":"Moderate-Intensity Exercise Improves Body Composition and Improves Physiological Markers of Stress in HIV-Infected Men.","authors":"Wesley David Dudgeon, Jason Reed Jaggers, Kenneth Doyle Phillips, John Larry Durstine, Stephanie E Burgess, George William Lyerly, John Mark Davis, Gregory Alan Hand","doi":"10.5402/2012/145127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/145127","url":null,"abstract":"HIV/AIDS and its treatment often alter body composition and result in poorer physical functioning. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a moderate-intensity exercise program on body composition and the hormones and cytokines associated with adverse health outcomes. HIV-infected males (N = 111) were randomized to an exercise group (EX) who completed 6 weeks of moderate-intensity exercise training, or to a nonintervention control group (CON). In pre- and postintervention, body composition was estimated via DXA, peak strength was assessed, and resting blood samples were obtained. There was a decrease in salivary cortisol at wake (P = 0.025) in the EX and a trend (P = 0.07) for a decrease 1 hour after waking. The EX had a significant increase in lean tissue mass (LTM) (P < 0.001) following the intervention. Those in the EX below median body fat (20%) increased LTM (P = 0.014) only, while those above 20% decreased fat mass (P = 0.02), total fat (N = 0.009), and trunk fat (P = 0.001), while also increasing LTM (P = 0.027). Peak strength increased between 14% and 28% on all exercises in the EX group. These data indicate that 6 weeks of moderate-intensity exercise training can decrease salivary cortisol levels, improve physical performance, and improve body composition in HIV-infected men. ","PeriodicalId":89950,"journal":{"name":"ISRN AIDS","volume":"2012 ","pages":"145127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3767244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31747008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30

Diabetes and Hypertension among Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Treatment Since 1998 in Senegal: Prevalence and Associated Factors. 塞内加尔自1998年以来接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的患者中的糖尿病和高血压:患病率和相关因素

ISRN AIDS Pub Date : 2012-12-01 eCollection Date: 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2012/621565

Assane Diouf, Amandine Cournil, Khadidiatou Ba-Fall, Ndèye Fatou Ngom-Guèye, Sabrina Eymard-Duvernay, Ibrahima Ndiaye, Gilbert Batista, Papa Mandoumbé Guèye, Pape Samba Bâ, Bernard Taverne, Eric Delaporte, Papa Salif Sow

{"title":"Diabetes and Hypertension among Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Treatment Since 1998 in Senegal: Prevalence and Associated Factors.","authors":"Assane Diouf, Amandine Cournil, Khadidiatou Ba-Fall, Ndèye Fatou Ngom-Guèye, Sabrina Eymard-Duvernay, Ibrahima Ndiaye, Gilbert Batista, Papa Mandoumbé Guèye, Pape Samba Bâ, Bernard Taverne, Eric Delaporte, Papa Salif Sow","doi":"10.5402/2012/621565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/621565","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular risk factors in people on antiretroviral treatment (ART) are poorly documented in resource-constrained settings. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2009 to assess prevalence of diabetes and hypertension in a sample of 242 HIV-infected patients who had initiated ART between 1998 and 2002 in Dakar, Senegal (ANRS 1215 observational cohort). World Health Organization (WHO) criteria were applied to diagnose diabetes and hypertension. Multiple logistic regressions were used to identify factors associated with diabetes and hypertension. Patients had a median age of 46 years and had received ART for a median duration of about 9 years. 14.5% had diabetes and 28.1% had hypertension. Long duration of ART (≥119 months), older age, higher body mass index (BMI), and higher levels of total cholesterol were associated with higher risks of diabetes. Older age, higher BMI at ART initiation, and higher levels of triglycerides were associated with higher risk of hypertension. This study shows that diabetes and hypertension were frequent in these Senegalese HIV patients on ART. It confirms the association between duration of ART and diabetes and highlights the need to implement programs for prevention of cardiovascular risk factors in HIV patients from resource-constrained settings. ","PeriodicalId":89950,"journal":{"name":"ISRN AIDS","volume":"2012 ","pages":"621565"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3767342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31747548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 50

Anogenital Lesions: Kaposi's Sarcoma and Its Mimicks. 肛门生殖器病变:卡波西肉瘤及其模拟。

ISRN AIDS Pub Date : 2012-10-31 eCollection Date: 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2012/486425

Louis-Jacques van Bogaert

引用次数: 5

Evaluation of a Low-Cost Strategy for Enumerating CD4 Lymphocyte Absolute Count and Percentage Using the FACSCalibur Flow Cytometer in HIV-Infected Patients from a Resource-Limited Setting. 利用FACSCalibur流式细胞仪在资源有限的hiv感染患者中计数CD4淋巴细胞绝对计数和百分比的低成本策略的评价

ISRN AIDS Pub Date : 2012-10-23 eCollection Date: 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2012/494698

Gerardo Alvarez-Uria, Raghuprakash Reddy, Srinivasulu Reddy, Praveen K Naik, Manoranjan Midde

{"title":"Evaluation of a Low-Cost Strategy for Enumerating CD4 Lymphocyte Absolute Count and Percentage Using the FACSCalibur Flow Cytometer in HIV-Infected Patients from a Resource-Limited Setting.","authors":"Gerardo Alvarez-Uria, Raghuprakash Reddy, Srinivasulu Reddy, Praveen K Naik, Manoranjan Midde","doi":"10.5402/2012/494698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/494698","url":null,"abstract":"Enumeration of CD4 lymphocytes is essential for the clinical management of HIV-infected patients, but it can be difficult to afford in developing countries. In this study we evaluated a reagent reduction strategy for reducing the cost of enumerating CD4 cell absolute count and percentage using the FACSCalibur flow cytometer (Becton Dickinson). We compared the protocol recommended by the manufacturer with a protocol that used half of the usual amount of CD3/CD4/CD45 monoclonal antibody reagent in 100 samples from HIV-infected patients in a rural hospital in India. The concordance correlation coefficient between the two protocols was 0.976 for CD4 cell count and 0.984 for CD4 cell percentage. We did not find significant bias when performing Deming regression or Bland-Altman analysis. Sensitivity and specificity were 97% and 98.5% for identifying patients with less than 200 CD4 cells/ μ L, 98.1% and 93.8% for identifying patients with less than 350 CD4 cells/ μ L, and 100% and 94.7% for identifying patients with less than 25% CD4 cells, respectively. This reagent reduction strategy can be used for reducing the cost of enumerating CD4 lymphocytes in high-volume laboratories from resource-limited settings. ","PeriodicalId":89950,"journal":{"name":"ISRN AIDS","volume":"2012 ","pages":"494698"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3767203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31747013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Motivating Factors and Psychosocial Barriers to Condom Use among out-of-School Youths in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: A Cross Sectional Survey Using the Health Belief Model. 坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆失学青年使用避孕套的激励因素和社会心理障碍:使用健康信念模型的横断面调查。

ISRN AIDS Pub Date : 2012-09-27 eCollection Date: 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2012/170739

E Katikiro, B Njau

{"title":"Motivating Factors and Psychosocial Barriers to Condom Use among out-of-School Youths in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: A Cross Sectional Survey Using the Health Belief Model.","authors":"E Katikiro, B Njau","doi":"10.5402/2012/170739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/170739","url":null,"abstract":"Condoms remain a cost-effective and relatively simple intervention to prevent HIV infection. However, condom use is still very low, particularly among youths aged 15 to 24. 348 individuals (186 males and 162 females) completed a pre-tested questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with condom use. Out of 348 respondents, 296 (85.0%) were sexually experienced, and 260 (87.8%) reported noncondom use in the past 3 months prior to the study. Among men, noncondom use was independently associated with feeling shy to buy condoms (AOR = 1.16; 95% CI 1.12-1.34), condoms reducing sexual pleasure (AOR = 8.19; 95% CI 3.98-17.01), and HIV is a serious and deadly disease (AOR = 0.36; 95% CI 0.28-0.46). Among women, experiencing forced sex (AOR = 1.16; 95% CI 1.10-2.78), condoms reduce sexual pleasure (AOR = 8.29; 95% CI 3.36-20.73), and inability to convince a partner to use condoms (AOR = 1.14; 95% CI 1.04-1.28) were predictors of noncondom use. In conclusion, sexually active youths in this population practice risky sexual behaviours, with low condom use practices. Strategies to improve condom use should address these psychosocial barriers associated with noncondom use. ","PeriodicalId":89950,"journal":{"name":"ISRN AIDS","volume":"2012 ","pages":"170739"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3767346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31747123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 40

Prevalence of HIV-Associated Metabolic Abnormalities among Patients Taking First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy in Uganda. 乌干达接受一线抗逆转录病毒治疗的患者中hiv相关代谢异常的患病率

ISRN AIDS Pub Date : 2012-08-23 eCollection Date: 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2012/960178

Bernard Omech, Joseph Sempa, Barbara Castelnuovo, Kenneth Opio, Marcel Otim, Harriet Mayanja-Kizza, Robert Colebunders, Yukari C Manabe

{"title":"Prevalence of HIV-Associated Metabolic Abnormalities among Patients Taking First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy in Uganda.","authors":"Bernard Omech, Joseph Sempa, Barbara Castelnuovo, Kenneth Opio, Marcel Otim, Harriet Mayanja-Kizza, Robert Colebunders, Yukari C Manabe","doi":"10.5402/2012/960178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/960178","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. While the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy decreased HIV-related morbidity and mortality rates in the sub-Saharan Africa, a subsequent increase in metabolic abnormalities has been observed. We sought to determine the prevalence of HIV-associated metabolic abnormalities among patients on first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in an ART clinic in Kampala, Uganda. Methods. Four hundred forty-two consecutive patients on first-line ART for at least 12 months were screened for eligibility in a cross-sectional study, and 423 were enrolled. Pre-ART patient characteristics were abstracted from medical charts, examinations included anthropometric measurement and physical assessment for lipodystrophy. Results. The prevalence of hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia was 16.3% (69/423) and 81.5% (345/423), respectively. Prevalence of dyslipidemia between stavudine- and zidovudine-based regimens (91% versus 72%; P < 0.001). Being on stavudine (aOR 4.79, 95%, 2.45-9.38) and peak body weight (aOR 1.44, 95% CI 1.05-1.97) were independent risk factors for dylipidemia. Stavudine (aOR 0.50, 95% CI 0.27-0.93) use was associated with lower risk for hyperglycemia while, and older age (aOR 1.31, 95% CI 1.11-1.56) and having a family history of DM (aOR 2.18, 95% CI 1.10-4.34) were independent risk factors for hyperglycemia. Conclusions. HIV-associated metabolic complications were prevalent among patients on thymidine analogue-containing ART regimens. Screening for lipid and glucose abnormalities should be considered in ART patients because of cardiovascular risks. ","PeriodicalId":89950,"journal":{"name":"ISRN AIDS","volume":"2012 ","pages":"960178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3767451/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31747553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28

Large epidemiological influenza a outbreak in a teaching hospital from guatemala city. 危地马拉市一家教学医院爆发大规模流行病学流感。

ISRN AIDS Pub Date : 2012-08-01 eCollection Date: 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2012/638042

Carlos Mejía, Monica Silvestre, Iris Cazali, Judith García, Ruth Sánchez, Leticia García, Leticia Castillo, Ingrid Escobar, Sandra Terraza

{"title":"Large epidemiological influenza a outbreak in a teaching hospital from guatemala city.","authors":"Carlos Mejía, Monica Silvestre, Iris Cazali, Judith García, Ruth Sánchez, Leticia García, Leticia Castillo, Ingrid Escobar, Sandra Terraza","doi":"10.5402/2012/638042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/638042","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To describe the characteristics and interventions to control a large epidemiological Influenza A Outbreak. Methods. During the months of February to April 2006, a large outbreak of Influenza A was detected, which affected Health Care Workers and hospitalized patients in a large teaching Hospital in Guatemala City. Interventions to interrupt transmission were implemented and included barrier methods (N95 masks, respiratory isolation measures, etc.) and enhanced hand hygiene, vaccination of healthy Health Care Workers (HCW), restrictions for patient visits. Results. From February to April 2006, 59 hospitalized patients diagnosed with Influenza A. 19 AIDS patients (mortality: 71%) and 5/40 (12.5%) in other diseases: cancer (3), severe cardiac failure (1) and severe malnutrition (1). The attack rate at day 20 in doctors and medical students was 21% while in other HCW it was 10.5%. Within 3 weeks of the beginning of the plan, deaths were stopped and no more cases in HCW were detected after 3 additional weeks. Conclusion. A rapid, comprehensive plan for the control of nosocomial epidemic Influenza A outbreaks is essential to limit severe morbidity and mortality in hospitals who attend large immunocompromised populations, including AIDS patients. HCW regular vaccinations programs are mandatory. ","PeriodicalId":89950,"journal":{"name":"ISRN AIDS","volume":"2012 ","pages":"638042"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3765751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31747549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Loss to Followup: A Major Challenge to Successful Implementation of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1 Programs in Sub-Saharan Africa. 后续行动的损失:在撒哈拉以南非洲成功实施预防艾滋病毒-1母婴传播方案的重大挑战。

ISRN AIDS Pub Date : 2012-07-31 DOI: 10.5402/2012/589817

Fatch W Kalembo, Maggie Zgambo

{"title":"Loss to Followup: A Major Challenge to Successful Implementation of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1 Programs in Sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"Fatch W Kalembo, Maggie Zgambo","doi":"10.5402/2012/589817","DOIUrl":"10.5402/2012/589817","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The purpose of this paper was to explore how loss to followup (LFTU) has affected the successful implementation of prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV-1 (PMTCT) programs in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods. We conducted an electronic search from the following databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJs), and PyscINFO. Additional searches were made in WHO, UNAIDS, UNICEF, Google, and Google scholar websites for (1) peer-reviewed published research, (2) scientific and technical reports, and (3) papers presented on scientific conferences. Results. A total of 678 articles, published from 1990 to 2011, were retrieved. Only 44 articles met our inclusion criteria and were included in the study. The rates of LTFU of mother-child pairs ranged from 19% to 89.4 in the reviewed articles. Health facility factors, fear of HIV-1 test, stigma and discrimination, home deliveries and socioeconomic factors were identified as reasons for LTFU. Conclusion. There is a great loss of mother-child pairs to follow up in PMTCT programs in sub-Saharan Africa. There is need for more research studies to develop public health models of care that can help to improve followup of mother-child pairs in PMTCT programs in Sub-Saharan Africa. ","PeriodicalId":89950,"journal":{"name":"ISRN AIDS","volume":"2012 ","pages":"589817"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3767368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31747015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 69