European journal of nanomedicine最新文献

{"title":"Cardiovascular therapy through nanotechnology – how far are we still from bedside?","authors":"I. Cicha, C. Garlichs, C. Alexiou","doi":"10.1515/ejnm-2014-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ejnm-2014-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Recent years brought about a widespread interest in the potential applications of nanotechnology for the diagnostics and the therapy of human diseases. With its promise of disease-targeted, patient-tailored treatment and reduced side effects, nanomedicine brings hope for millions of patients suffering of non-communicable diseases such as cancer or cardiovascular disorders. However, the emergence of the complex, multicomponent products based on new technologies poses multiple challenges to successful approval in clinical practice. Regulatory and development considerations, including properties of the components, reproducible manufacturing and appropriate characterization methods, as well as nanodrugs’ safety and efficacy are critical for rapid marketing of the new products. This review discusses the recent advances in cardiovascular applications of nanotechnologies and highlights the challenges that must be overcome in order to fill the gap existing between the promising bench trials and the successful bedside applications.","PeriodicalId":89921,"journal":{"name":"European journal of nanomedicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"63 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89515750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What’s up in nanomedicine for cardiovascular diseases?","authors":"G. Salieb-Beugelaar","doi":"10.1515/ejnm-2014-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ejnm-2014-0017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89921,"journal":{"name":"European journal of nanomedicine","volume":"28 1","pages":"59 - 61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87085321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory mediators for molecular imaging of atherosclerosis","authors":"G. Almer, P. Opriessnig, R. Prassl, H. Mangge","doi":"10.1515/ejnm-2014-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ejnm-2014-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nanomedicine, a young and innovative field, offers interesting approaches for diagnosis and treatment in personalized medicine. Myocardial infarction and stroke belong to the most important challenges in this context because an improved early diagnosis of individuals well before fatal clinical endpoints occur is urgently needed. The underlying cause of myocardial infarction and stroke is atherosclerosis, a chronic immune-mediated inflammation of the vascular wall involving monocytes, macrophages, T-lymphocytes, and arterial wall cells. Hence, an immense number of pro-inflammatory mediators have been investigated in the context of nanomedicine and atherosclerosis but, interestingly, only few anti-inflammatory biomarkers. Nevertheless, the anti-inflammatory axis is always present as a negative feedback if a critical inflammatory perpetuation destabilizes atherosclerotic lesions. Hence, we could show that the immune-modulating, anti-inflammatory molecules, adiponectin and interleukin-10, are useful for molecular imaging of AS plaques. Based on recent publications in animal models of atherosclerosis, we strongly assume that the inflammatory “brake” mechanisms may represent an interesting new tool to specifically target the scenario of culprit AS-lesions. In this review article we discuss the potential of adiponectin, interleukin-10 and other anti-inflammatory active molecules like targeted liposomes and high dense lipoproteins towards this.","PeriodicalId":89921,"journal":{"name":"European journal of nanomedicine","volume":"46 1","pages":"103 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90960808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atherosclerotic disease and management challenges with nanomedicine: EU FP7 NMP funded “NanoAthero” and “CosmoPHOS-nano” large-scale projects","authors":"D. Letourneur, Panagiotis N. Trohopoulos","doi":"10.1515/ejnm-2014-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ejnm-2014-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Atherosclerosis is the most important arterial wall disease that causes arterial stenosis and may lead to the clinical manifestations of angina, heart attack and stroke. There is a demanding unmet medical need for new approaches for early diagnosis and improved/novel targeted therapies and therapy monitoring of atherosclerosis. This is the focus of two European large scale projects, the NanoAthero and the CosmoPHOS-nano by using nanomedicine. The aim is to demonstrate that nanotechnology-enabled systems can be successfully developed and clinically proven to be safe and effective in tackling cardiovascular diseases.","PeriodicalId":89921,"journal":{"name":"European journal of nanomedicine","volume":"35 1","pages":"115 - 119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85623354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The simultaneous systematic analysis approach for personalized management of cardiovascular diseases","authors":"Mira Marcus-Kalish, H. Meiri","doi":"10.1515/ejnm-2014-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ejnm-2014-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The simultaneous systematic analysis (SSA) approach, emanating from the novel achievements in science and technology, is targeted to provide a broad insight into the human body physical and mental functioning in various surroundings. Thus it paves the way to personalized, preventive and predictive medicine. The goal is to form an ongoing collaborative research and development platform focusing on the micro and macroenvironmental factors of the complex human functioning. This approach aims to build an open, innovative, systematic joint effort, combining and sharing all acquired knowledge and expertise among the leading professionals in all relevant areas of science and technology, while reducing technical, conceptual and formal barriers. The CHEST methodology (converging humanities, education, science and technology) will be utilized, as an innovative meeting point, enabling open and coherent discussions among all stakeholders from all relevant disciplines. The SSA approach is complementary and fully aligned with the partitioned research, creating a well-structured joint effort, ongoing R&D sharing and borderless discussions among the academic research, government, regulatory agencies, industry, and the public. Bringing on board all stakeholders including young students, could provide innovative outcomes and new regulations adjusted to the new era. This review study focuses on the cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) diagnosis and treatment case study, as CVDs accounts for about one third of human morbidity and mortality and is a main driver in the biomedical and drug industries. The American Heart Association (AHA) in its 2020 published health goals reflect a similar attitude and thus provides strong support to the SSA approach. It is the authors’ contention that applying the SSA approach could provide the essential comprehensive insight into individual complex functioning over time and place. Thus, it would enable responsible personalized, accessible healthcare and yielding major economical and sociological impact on society.","PeriodicalId":89921,"journal":{"name":"European journal of nanomedicine","volume":"81 1","pages":"101 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84270447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailoring surface nanostructures on polyaryletherketones for load-bearing implants","authors":"P. Urwyler, Xue Zhao, A. Pascual, H. Schift, B. Müller","doi":"10.1515/ejnm-2014-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ejnm-2014-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract High-performance thermoplastics including polyetheretherketone (PEEK) are key biomaterials for load-bearing implants. Plasma treatment of implants surfaces has been shown to chemically activate its surface, which is a prerequisite to achieve proper cell attachment. Oxygen plasma treatment of PEEK films results in very reproducible surface nanostructures and has been reported in the literature. Our goal is to apply the plasma treatment to another promising polymer, polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), and compare its characteristics to the ones of PEEK. Oxygen plasma treatments of plasma powers between 25 and 150 W were applied on 60 μm-thick PEKK and 100 μm-thick PEEK films. Analysis of the nanostructures by atomic force microscopy showed that the roughness increased and island density decreased with plasma power for both PEKK and PEEK films correlating with contact angle values without affecting bulk properties of the used films. Thermal analysis of the plasma-treated films shows that the plasma treatment does not change the bulk properties of the PEKK and PEEK films.","PeriodicalId":89921,"journal":{"name":"European journal of nanomedicine","volume":"43 6","pages":"37 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/ejnm-2014-0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72507390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards nano-diagnostics for rapid diagnosis of infectious diseases – current technological state","authors":"G. Salieb-Beugelaar, P. Hunziker","doi":"10.1515/ejnm-2014-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ejnm-2014-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Rapid, specific and sensitive diagnosis of infectious diseases is important for the rational, effective and economic treatment of the infection. Focused treatment of the patient with an accurate diagnosis may also contribute to the minimization of drug resistance development. Rapidly evolving micro and nanotechnologies contribute to the development of new diagnostic modalities. This critical review provides an overview of current developments in diagnostics for infectious disease enabled by nanotechnologies and includes a range of representative examples.","PeriodicalId":89921,"journal":{"name":"European journal of nanomedicine","volume":"200 1","pages":"11 - 28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77717474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of the size and charge distribution of sodium chloride particles generated by an Aeroneb Pro® pharmaceutical nebulizer","authors":"M. Simones, S. Loyalka, Conor Duffy, R. Macloughlin, A. Tatham, P. Power","doi":"10.1515/ejnm-2013-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ejnm-2013-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The charge distribution of aerosol is an important factor for accurate prediction of aerosol behavior as it influences particle transport, settling, deposition, and coagulation. In the production of aerosol for pulmonary drug delivery, charging of aerosol particles is influenced by both the generation method and chemical properties of the drug. Electrostatic charging of add-on devices such as plastic spacers and holding chambers will reduce the delivery to the lung, while charged particles can also enhance deposition to the respiratory system by inducing an image charge to airway surfaces. Typical target particle size for delivery devices in terms of mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) is 1–5 μm, and therefore up to 50% of the dose includes submicron particles in the fine (100–1000 nm) and ultrafine (<100 nm) size range. Measurement of the charge distribution of submicron particles produced using a vibrating mesh nebulizer is presented using a tandem differential mobility analyzer (TDMA). It is found that the charge distribution is not at equilibrium, but instead has an increase in the fraction of charged particles below 200 nm and a decrease in the charged fraction above 200 nm. In general the charge distribution will be dependent on the specific aerosol nebulizer setup being used and the chemical properties of the nebulized solution, and it could be further quantified by using the methods discussed here.","PeriodicalId":89921,"journal":{"name":"European journal of nanomedicine","volume":"59 1","pages":"29 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84570651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanomedicine: visions, risk, potential","authors":"J. Mehlich, F. Thiele","doi":"10.1515/ejnm-2013-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ejnm-2013-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the field of medicine nanotechnology may help to develop new and effective applications. However, as with many modern technologies, there are considerable moral, legal and social concerns about the consequences nanotechnology may have for humans and their environment. More than in many other areas of nanotechnology, nanomedicine stimulates stakeholders to raise concerns. Not only are patients concerned, but so are those in politics and administration, in industry and in the scientific community there are substantial debates about ethical, legal, and social implications (ELSI) of nanomedicine.","PeriodicalId":89921,"journal":{"name":"European journal of nanomedicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"47 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88958731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Living immune cells as drug carriers in cancer therapy","authors":"A. Philippi, André-René Blaudszun","doi":"10.1515/ejnm-2014-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ejnm-2014-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Although there has been great progress in cancer therapy in the past decades, a continuous increase in new cases and cancer deaths could not be prevented. According to the World Health Organization, the global burden of cancer doubled in the last third of the 20th century and continues to rise mainly because of population aging and growth (1). Moreover, the developing world progressively adopts cancer-causing behaviors, particularly smoking, which additionally affects the cancer rates (2). Many serious courses of cancer are due to the low effectiveness of existing treatments. However, limited efficacy is not the only drawback of existing therapies. In addition, many standard treatments (chemoand radiation therapies) lack specificity and are therefore accompanied by severe adverse effects. Hence, alternative more effective treatment modalities are required which allow selective targeting of tumors in order to reduce undesirable side effects. At present, immunotherapies involving autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes (T cells) are among the most promising new cancer therapy approaches. Today, the combination of preparative lymphodepletion, TIL (tumorinfiltrating lymphocytes) infusion and interleukin-2 administration represents the most effective treatment for patients with metastatic melanoma who no longer respond to other therapies. Besides, retargeting strategies involving virally transduced, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) expressing or bispecific antibody (bsAb) redirected T lymphocytes have shown promising clinical outcome including complete, durable regressions (3, 4). Given the curative potential of T cell therapies, it is not surprising that T lymphocytes also have been explored in the context of cell-mediated drug delivery. Using T lymphocytes and other defense cells as transport vehicles for anti-cancer therapeutics offers several advantages: Unlike artificial drug carriers, immune cells actively move towards sites of inflammation, injury and cancer. This intrinsic homing ability allows efficient enrichment of immune cell-delivered therapeutics at the target site. Furthermore, some defense cells including T lymphocytes possess a natural cytotoxic activity that can additionally be exploited to fight malignancies, as specified above. However, the development of cell-based drug delivery systems for cancer therapy also includes great challenges: At first, living carrier cells must be efficiently protected against their toxic drug payload. Furthermore, controlled release and action of delivered pharmaceuticals at the target site should be achieved (5). The research team of Anja Philippi at the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Europe develops novel cancer immunotherapies which exploit on the one hand the intrinsic killing function of redirected cytotoxic T lymphocytes. In addition, the cells will be used as targeted delivery system for anti-cancer drugs. To preserve T cell viability and functions, two different strategies have been","PeriodicalId":89921,"journal":{"name":"European journal of nanomedicine","volume":"39 1","pages":"10 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76927868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}