Cancer and clinical oncology最新文献

{"title":"Extreme Rare Case of Primary Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma of Gall Bladder-Case Report","authors":"R. Padhiari, N. Ahmed, G. Praveen, M. Ramesh, B. Talwar, V. Kurpad","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V3N1P25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V3N1P25","url":null,"abstract":"Primary carcinoma of the gallbladder is an uncommon malignancy with a variable incidence. Women are affected generally than men (3-4:1) with higher incidence in increasing age. The signet ring cell sub type of adenocarcinoma is a rare and aggressive variant carrying worse prognosis. We report a case of primary signet ring cell carcinoma of gallbladder in a 55yr old woman. Ultrasound showed thickened gallbladder with multiple gallstones. Patient underwent open cholecystectomy. Grossly gallbladder was thickened with multiple stones. Histopathological examination revealed sheets of signet ring cells infiltrating full thickness of the wall. H&E, periodic acid–Schiff (PAS), Alcian blue & Cytokeratin 7 stains confirmed presence of signet ring cells. Post-op Endoscopy with biopsy was done to rule out primary in stomach. Early diagnosis and new lines of treatment in chemotherapy or new biological therapy should be encouraged to improve the survival and life quality.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"3 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V3N1P25","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70721574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Study of Palliative Cisplatin-Based Doublet Chemotherapy for Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma","authors":"S. F. Sorensen, A. Khalil, P. Meldgaard","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V3N1P16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V3N1P16","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Cisplatin-based doublet-chemotherapy is the standard palliative treatment for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) supplemented with palliative radiotherapy when indicated by symptoms. This work aims to study the epidemiologic characteristics and overall survival rates of patients with MPM treated with palliative chemotherapy in one institution year 2000 - 2010. Materials and Methods: Review of journals. Data were structured using the Aarhus Lung Cancer Register and statistics were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The median age of the 80 patients (70 males and 10 females) at diagnosis was 63 years (range 40-80). 46% of the patients had epithelioid histological subtype. As first line treatment 21 patients received cisplatin/vinorelbine iv., 29 patients received cisplatin/pemetrexed and 11 patients received pemetrexed as monotherapy. Median overall survival (mOS) for the whole group was 13.1 months (95% CI 10.1-16.2). We found no significant difference in mOS between patients treated with cisplatin/vinorelbine (mOS 17.0 months, 95% CI 12.6-21.4) and cisplatin/pemetrexed (mOS 14.0 months, 95% CI 8.9-19.1), p=0.598. Patients with epithelioid subtype had a significantly better mOS (15.2 months, 95% CI 11.6-18.8) compared to patients with non-epithelioid subtype (8.9 months, 95% CI 5.6-12.2), p=0.026. Conclusion: Subtype of histology is significantly associated with survival in MPM. Patients with epithelioid histology have a better prognosis than patients with non-epithelioid subtype. Our results show no significant difference in overall survival in patients who received different cisplatin-based doublet-regimes. The survival rates in this retrospective study are comparable to other published data. Randomized trials exploring cisplatin-based doublet regimens like cisplatin/pemetrexed and cisplatin/vinorelbine po. are needed.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"385 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V3N1P16","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70721664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bcl-2 Family Gene Expression in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","authors":"J. Tracy, I. Mukand-Cerro, M. O'Leary, N. Laver, R. Wein","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V3N1P11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V3N1P11","url":null,"abstract":"Dysregulation of apoptosis is a well-described characteristic of malignant transformation. In the field of colorectal cancer, the Bcl-2 family of apoptotic proteins has been characterized as a marker of poor prognosis and response to current chemotherapeutic agents. In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), the role of Bcl-2 and associated apoptosis proteins is less well understood. Immunohistochemical staining was performed in order to assess for expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-Xl, and Bax in surgical or biopsy specimens of patients treated for oropharyngeal SCC from 1999-2009. This data was correlated with the clinical outcomes of recurrence and/or persistence of disease. Our findings on 20 specimens are presented. By establishing the association between these pathologic biomarkers and clinical characteristics of disease, more accurate diagnostic and prognostic tools will be available in the care of head and neck cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"3 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V3N1P11","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70721531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Panoramic Radiobiological Modelling of the Contribution of Concomitant Chemotherapy to Biological Effective Dose in Squamous Cell Carcinoma","authors":"L. Pettit, S. Meade, P. Sanghera, J. Glaholm, R. Wyatt, A. Hartley","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V3N1P1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V3N1P1","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Attempts have been made to model the contribution of concomitant chemotherapy to radiotherapy in terms of biological effective dose (BED) for the major squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) sub-sites. Despite SCC’s sharing common aetiology, different concomitant chemoradiotherapy regimens are used in clinical practice. This study aims to compare the contribution of chemotherapy to radiotherapy in terms of BED across the major SCC sub-sites using two different radiobiological models; the intuitive and Poisson methods for its calculation. Methods: Phase 3 trials of radiotherapy versus chemoradiotherapy using conventional fractionation in SCC of the head and neck, lung, cervix, oesophagus and anus were identified. The contribution of chemotherapy (tBEDc) was modeled using both the intuitive and the Poisson model to give a weighted BED in Gray. Results: Weighted tBEDc using the intuitive model were 8.6 Gy10 for head and neck, 6.3 Gy10 for lung, 6.3 Gy10 for cervix and 7.8 Gy10 for anus. The weighted tBEDc using the Poisson model were 1.8 Gy10 for head and neck, 0.9 Gy10 for cervix and 2.1 Gy10 for anus. Conclusion: There is a striking similarity for the value of tBEDc across SCC sub-sites within both models. In head and neck cancer tBEDc derived from the Poisson model is not associated with the same biological effect as the same BED administered as radiotherapy alone. Therefore at this sub-site, where there is good data on radiotherapy dose response in the curative dose range, the Poisson model may be of limited value. However, it may be preferred for sub-sites where such data is lacking.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"3 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V3N1P1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70721456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Single Blinded Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial on the Efficacy of Ozone Therapy on Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema","authors":"I. Waked, Samah H. Nagib, M. T. Omar","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V2N2P93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V2N2P93","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ozone therapy in breast cancer-related Lymphedema (BCRL). Methods: Sixty patients with BCRL were participated in this study and were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Ozone group received ozone therapy in addition to complex physical therapy for lymphedema consisted of pressure garment, remedial exercise, and skin care, while the control group received complex physical therapy only. Limb volume was measured using water displacement and limb circumference. Skin and subcutaneous thickness were measured using Doppler ultrasound. All measurements were carried out at baseline (0wk) and after 12 weeks (12wk) of intervention. Results: The clinical and demographic characteristics of both groups were comparable at baseline. The reduction of limb volume tended to decline in both groups. The trend was more significantly pronounced in ozone group than control at 12 wk (P < 0.05). There was significant reduction in skin and subcutis thickness in both groups. The rate of thickness reduction was more observable in the ozone group than the control group. Conclusion: Ozone therapy was found to be an effective adjunctive modality for reducing limb volume and thickness in the women with BCRL.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"2 1","pages":"93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V2N2P93","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70721398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome of Multimodality Therapy for Elderly Colorectal Cancer Patients","authors":"Y. Inoue, Y. Toiyama, Koji Tanaka, Y. Mohri, M. Kusunoki","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V2N2P70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V2N2P70","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to analyze patterns of multimodality therapy in elderly patients with advanced colorectal cancer. We enrolled 272 patients with colorectal cancer. All patients received chemotherapy and some patients received secondary cytoreductive surgery and/or radiofrequency ablation. We compared differences between elderly patients (age >=75 years) and non-elderly patients (age <75 years), especially in relation to multimodality therapy. There were no significant differences in cancer-specific survival between elderly ( n = 37) and non-elderly patients ( n = 235).Twenty-seven percent of elderly and 35% of non-elderly patients received multimodality therapy, which resulted in prolonged survival. Although the main chemotherapy regimen was the same in both groups who received multimodality therapy, elderly patients who received chemotherapy alone seemed to be under-treated. For elderly patients, prognostic factors were host-related, such as comorbidities, whereas for non-elderly patients prognostic factors were tumor-related. Comorbidities and modified Glasgow Prognostic Score may be prognostic indicators in elderly patients receiving multimodality therapy. In conclusion, chronological age alone should not contraindicate multimodality therapy of colorectal cancer in elderly patients. Appropriate selection criteria for multimodality therapy in elderly patients should include not only tumor characteristics, but also host- and treatment-related factors.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"2 1","pages":"70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70721321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reasons to Use and Disclose Use of Complementary Medicine Use – An Insight from Cancer Patients","authors":"Kristen N. Arthur, J. C. Belliard, Steven B. Hardin, K. Knecht, C. Chen, S. Montgomery","doi":"10.5539/cco.v2n2p81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/cco.v2n2p81","url":null,"abstract":"Studies have shown a high prevalence (40–83%) of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use among cancer patients in the U.S.A cross-sectional, mixed-methods pilot study was completed. This paper focuses on the quantitative analysis conducted on demographic predictors of complementary medicine (CM) use, reasons to use CM, and disclosure to healthcare provider data. Surveys were interview-administered at the Loma Linda University Medical Center Cancer Center. Participants, 18 years or older, were selected from a convenient sample. Eighty-seven percent (87.9%) of participants reported to have used CM as a cancer treatment and most reported to have used it “to help fight the cancer.” Women were eight-times more likely to use prayer. All non-Caucasian and Hispanic participants reported to use CM as a cancer therapy and none reported to use a CM provider. More women (72%) disclosed their CM use than men (53.3%). Different prevalences and predictors exist when differentiating CM modalities, reasons to use CM vary by gender, and disclosure proportions vary by gender.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"2 1","pages":"81 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/cco.v2n2p81","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70721386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Screening for T315I and F317L Resistance Mutations in Iraqi Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Non-Responders Patients to Imatinib","authors":"M. Dhahi, B. Matti, Shahlaa Fadel","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V2N2P55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V2N2P55","url":null,"abstract":"The development of Imatinib Mesylate (IM), the first generation specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) of BCR-ABL, has had a major impact in patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), establishing IM as the standard therapy for CML. Despite the clinical success obtained with the use of IM, primary resistance to IM and molecular evidence of persistent disease has been observed in 20-25% of IM treated patients. The existence of second generation TKIs (SGTKIs), which are effective in patients with IM resistance, makes identification of predictors of resistance to IM an important goal in CML. The aim of this prospective study was to determine prevalence of T315I, which confers full resistance to all available tyrosine-kinase inhibitors, and F317l mutations, which classified as resistant mutation to IM and dasatinib but sensitive to nilotinb, in IM non-responder CML patients from Iraq with highly sensitive Allele-Specific Oligonucleotide-PCR assay (ASO-PCR). Forty four CML patients were recruited from Baghdad Teaching Hospitalet-Hematology Unite from Feb. 2009 to Feb. 2013. Those patients were followed up (hematological, cytogenetically, and molecularly). At the time of sampling, thirty four CML patients in advance phase(accelerated phase(AP) or blast crisis(BC)) or loss their cytogenetic response were IM non-responders while ten CML patients in CP were IM responder, considered as T315I and F317 L mutations negative control group. Ten IM non-responders patients out of those 34 patients were recruited to SGTKIs (Dasatinib and/or Nilotinib). The results shown that only T315I mutation was detected in one IM non-responder CML patient (3%). Although relation between response to SGTKIs and mutation status was non-significance ( P = 0.100), mutation is limited to only one patient who did not respond to either treatment forms. In conclusion , the uses of bcr-abl mutation screening test for T315I and F317L mutations in CML patients may influences the choice of specific SGTKIs after treatment with IM has failed.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"120 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V2N2P55","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70721259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radical Transurethral Resection for Prostate Cancer Might Affect the Disputes about Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening: Suggestions Obtained from Radical Transurethral Surgery","authors":"M. Morita, T. Matsuura","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V2N2P62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V2N2P62","url":null,"abstract":"To find an answer to the argument whether prostate specific antigen (PSA)-based mass screening would be beneficial or inexpedient for patients, we analyzed our result of 150 radical transurethral resection of prostate cancer in 126 patients with stage T1c disease. Preoperative PSA ranged from 2.00 to 66.3 ng/mL (median, 5.65). The median follow-up periods of the 115 patients except for 11 dropouts were 63.8 months. PSA recurrence developed in nine patients (7.8%). The other 106 patients have stable PSA as follows: PSA <= 0.01, 42 patients<= 0.02, 19 patients; <= 0.03, 10 patients; <= 0.04, 6 patients; <= 0.1, 10 patients, <= 0.2, 7 patients; <=0.9, 12 patients. PSA nonrecurrence rates according to D’Amico’s risk group were 100% for the low-risk group, 93% for the intermediate-risk group and 79% for the high-risk group. The most frequent complication was bladder neck contracture (developed in 33.0% of patients) and easily treated by optical urethrotomy. Postoperative urinary incontinence was temporary and disappeared within 3 months. Erectile function was preserved in 51.3%. We obtained satisfactory oncological and functional outcomes in patients with T1c prostate cancer by RTUR-PCa. Proper indication of the procedure with much longer follow-up might affect the dispute that PSA mass screening might tend to be overdiagnosis and overtreatment as long as PSA screening was properly indicated.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"2 1","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V2N2P62","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70721270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HPV and methylation indicators in paired tumor and saliva in HNSCC","authors":"J. Stephen, K. Chen, M. Mahan, G. Divine, T. Ghanem, M. Worsham","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V2N2P42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V2N2P42","url":null,"abstract":"Human papilloma virus type 16 (HPV16) is a causative agent for some head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)  and an independent risk factor for oropharyngeal SCC. The goal of this study was to examine HPV16 associated gene methylation in paired saliva and tumor DNA with assessment of the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive, and negative predictive value for saliva HPV as a test for HNSCC. HPV16 status was determined by quantitative PCR (qPCR) in 35 primary HNSCC paired tumor and saliva specimens. Tumor cut points >=0.03 and >=0.1 and saliva cut points >0 and ?0.001 were used to classify results as HPV positive or negative. Aberrant methylation was determined by the methylation-specific multiplex ligation probe amplification (MS-MLPA) assay. The frequency of promoter hypermethylation in tumor samples was 66% (23/35) versus 17% (6/35) in saliva. Two of 35 paired tumor and saliva samples had commonly methylated genes. HPV and methylation were correlated for IGSF4 (p=0.01) in tumor samples (cut point ?0.03) and for ESR1 in saliva samples (cut point >0). Although the sensitivity of HPV detection in saliva was significantly reduced when saliva cut points were increased from >0 to >=0.001, the specificity and positive predictive values were 100% at saliva cut point of >=0.001, regardless of tumor cut points. Within clearly defined parameters, HPV detection in saliva DNA shows promise as a non invasive approach for tumor HPV status. Methylated genes detected in saliva may be useful in early detection and as potential predictive markers of HNSCC. Further confirmation and validation in larger cohorts is required.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"2 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V2N2P42","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70721181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}