Cancer and clinical oncology最新文献

{"title":"Human Serum Proteins Recognized by CA215 and Cancerous Immunoglobulins and Implications in Cancer Immunology","authors":"Gregory M. Lee, S. Liu, Cheng-Yuan Huang","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V3N2P51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V3N2P51","url":null,"abstract":"In 1987, a monoclonal antibody, RP215, was generated against the OC-3-VGH cancer cell line and shown to react with a carbohydrate-associated epitope located mainly on the heavy chains of immunoglobulins, designated as CA215, which are expressed on the surface of almost all cancer cells and not on normal immune cells. CA215 and cancerous immunoglobulins were affinity-isolated from the shed culture media of the same ovarian cancer cell line by using RP215-linked and anti-human immunoglobulin G-linked affinity chromatography, respectively. They were then immobilized separately as general ligands to isolate any protein components from pooled human sera which demonstrated affinity to CA215 and/or cancerous immunoglobulin G. The affinity-isolated components were then subjected to molecular analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Among the detected protein components, more than 72% were found to be commonly recognized by both CA215 and cancerous immunoglobulins. Some have previously been identified as endogenous proteins or fragments in human serum. They are considered generally, as cancer biomarkers, according to their pro-cancer (e.g. C4b binding protein ? chain, complement C3, complement factor H, serotransferrin, and vironectin), anti-cancer (e.g. 35 kDa inter-?-trypsin inhibition heavy chain 4, anastellin, apolipoprotein A-1, fibrinogen beta chain, and, keratin type I cytoskeletal 9), or autoimmune (specific immunoglobulin G) properties, respectively. Therefore, besides serving a role for the growth/proliferation of cancer cells, cancerous immunoglobulins can also interact directly or indirectly with many other serum protein components or fragments for unspecified reasons and unknown mechanisms of action.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"3 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V3N2P51","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70721848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Laparosopic Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Peritoneal Metastasis from Gastric Cancer","authors":"Y. Yonemura, E. Canbay, S. Sako, H. Ishibashi, M. Hirano, A. Mizumoto, Kazuyosi Takeshita, N. Takao, M. Ichinose, Chai-young Lee, Yang Liu, Yan Li","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V3N2P43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V3N2P43","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The purpose of this manuscript is to report the direct effects of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in gastric cancer-patients with peritoneal metastasis (PM). Materials and Methods: Thirty-five patients with PM were enrolled, and were treated with neoadjuvant laparoscopic HIPEC (LHIPEC). LHIPEC was performed at 42 to 43 centigrade for 60 minutes adding 3 liter of saline plus 12.5mg/m2 of Mitomycin C with Cisplatin (50mg/m2). Second session of LHIPEC was done one month after the first LHIPEC in all cases. At the second session of LHIPEC, ascites volume, peritoneal cytology and peritoneal cancer index (PCI) were examined again. Results: Intraoperative complications of bowel injury were experienced in one and three at 1st and 2nd session of laparoscopy, respectively. There was no mortality after LHIPEC. Ascites was completely disappeared in 17 of 34 patients at the second session of laparoscopy. PFCCs had been detected in 28 (80.0%) patients at the 1st session, and the positive cytology changed to be negative in 16 (57.1%) of 28 patients at the second session. PCI at the 2nd session (12.5 ± 10.5) was significantly lower than that at the 1st session (16.8 ± 9.6) (P=0.023). PCI levels at the 2nd session changed to be 0 in 6 patients. Conclusion: This new method is not only a safe and convenient method for predicting feasibility of complete cytoredution, but also an effective treatment to control malignant ascites and to eradicate PFCCs before cytoreductive surgery. Furthermore, LHIPEC can reduce PCI levels.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"54 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V3N2P43","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70721781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunotherapy for Bladder Cancer: Changing the Landscape","authors":"L. Malik","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V3N2P36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V3N2P36","url":null,"abstract":"Systemic chemotherapy plays a central role in the management of metastatic bladder cancer. Although responses may be observed initially, overall survival with multiagent chemotherapy is still limited. No significant improvements have been made by novel cytotoxic or targeted agents in last decade. There exists an urgent need for the development of novel therapeutic agents to improve outcomes for these patients. In this paper, we review the role of immunotherapy, the programmed death 1 (PD-1) receptor and its ligands (PD-L1/2), and ongoing drug development efforts to block this pathway in bladder cancer, focusing on the currently available data from ongoing clinical trials.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"3 1","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V3N2P36","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70722032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Do Gender, Age and Travel Time Impact on the Need for Social Support of Patients to Have Access to Cancer Treatment?","authors":"P. Groux, S. Anchisi, T. Szucs","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V3N2P27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V3N2P27","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Disparities in cancer treatment for geographical and socioeconomic reasons have been demonstrated in several countries. In Valais, a canton in Switzerland, to travel to one of the oncology wards can be time consuming, cost intensive and make support by relatives or external persons and institutions necessary. Method: We investigated which kind of support cancer patients in Valais need today to make a treatment possible, quantified it and identified subgroups with particular needs. All patients who came in February 2012 for a consultation or an ambulant therapy to one of the four centres of the “Departement Valaisan d’Oncologie” or the unique private practice in the region were asked to answer to a questionnaire. Results were summarised and analysed. Results: 84% of the patients need support. 40% of the patients need two or more kinds of support. Kind and quantity of support depend on gender, age and distance. Cancer patients in Valais need support to make their treatments possible. Some subgroups have a complex pattern of support and need specific assistance as younger women or elderly patients. Conclusions: We demonstrate that cancer patients in Valais need social support to handle their treatment days and that their out of the pocket travel expenses increase rapidly with distance. The pattern of support needed varies according to patient characteristics as gender, age and distance to treatment centre.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"3 1","pages":"27-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V3N2P27","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70721992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Weight Change During and After Post-Operative Chemotherapy on Breast Cancer Control in Node-Positive Patients Treated With Trimodality Therapy","authors":"Joshua R. Johnson, B. Lamb, A. Mills, Patricia L. Watkins, V. Chaudhary, J. Bharadwaj, T. Dufan, J. Watkins","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V3N2P16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V3N2P16","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether an association exists between post-operative chemotherapy weight change and breast cancer control and survival, specifically within a high-risk population of women with node-positive breast cancer diagnosed and treated in the contemporary setting. Methods: A retrospective investigation with the following eligibility criteria: women who underwent primary surgical therapy for invasive breast cancer, were found to have pathologic evidence of nodal involvement, and were treated with adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Demographic, tumor-, and treatment-related data were recorded and analyzed for association with disease control and survival outcomes. The post-operative/pre-chemotherapy weight and BMI served as the baseline comparator for future weight/BMI changes. Results: From January 2004 through December 2008, 52 patients were identified for inclusion. At a median follow-up of 77.2 months (range 19.9–119.4, with 85% followed > 5 years), 8 patients experienced disease recurrence and 7 patients had died (3 with recurrent disease). Analysis of factors associated with study endpoints identified absolute weight and BMI change at 1, 3, and 4 years post-chemotherapy completion as significantly inversely associated with overall survival, but not associated with freedom from failure. Additionally, a statistically significant association between number of lymph nodes involved and freedom from failure was identified. Conclusion: This investigation did not detect statistically significant associations between weight or BMI change during chemotherapy and disease control or survival within this high-risk population, while the number of lymph nodes involved was directly related to risk of disease failure. Weight change at intervals following chemotherapy completion demonstrated some association with overall survival.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"3 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70721942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aggressive Rosette Forming Glioneuroma: Case Report and Review of the Literature","authors":"M. Frelinghuysen, Francisco Luna, L. Spencer, Sebastián Vigueras, F. Andrade, Ilson Sepúlveda, T. González","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V3N2P10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V3N2P10","url":null,"abstract":"We report the case of a patient who presented a pineal tumor. A partial resection was performed. The biopsy showed a glioneuroma rosette forming tumor, considered as WHO grade I. The patient was observed for 13 months and experienced significant tumor growth. Radiotherapy was performed. Instead of scarce evidence of the topic and treatment modalities in this type of tumors; radiotherapy was performed. The patient has been stable and asymptomatic.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"3 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V3N2P10","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70721876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Four Week Hypofractionated Accelerated Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy and Synchronous Carboplatin or Cetuximab in Biologically Staged Oropharyngeal Carcinoma","authors":"H. Benghiat, P. Sanghera, J. Cashmore, J. Hodson, H. Mehanna, R. Simmons, P. Massey, G. Sangha, C. Bode, P. Cooper, J. Glaholm, A. Hartley","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V3N2P1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V3N2P1","url":null,"abstract":"Hypofractionated accelerated chemoradiotherapy in the conformal era achieved acceptable control rates for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. This study reports outcomes for biologically staged oropharyngeal cancer treated using four-week intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and synchronous chemotherapy. Between 2009–2012, patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx treated with hypofractionated chemo-IMRT (55Gray in 20 fractions), with either carboplatin or cetuximab were prospectively identified. Outcome measures analysed were 2-year loco-regional recurrence-free survival (LR-RFS) and overall survival (OS). Eighty-five consecutive patients with oropharyngeal cancer (p16 positive never smoked n=17; p16 positive ever smoked n=42; p16 negative n=24; unknown n=2)) were treated with IMRT with carboplatin (n=69) or cetuximab (n=16), with median follow up in surviving patients of 26 months. Two year LR-RFS was 68% for the whole cohort (95% confidence intervals 58%-78%), 87% (58%–97%) for the p16 positive never-smokers, 75% (58%–86%) for the p16 positive ever-smokers and 45% (25%–63%) for the p16 negative patients. OS at 24 months for these groups respectively was 80% (69–87%), 100.0%, 90% (75%–96%) and 46.9% (25%–66%). Factors associated with a worse OS on multivariate analysis were p16 negativity (p 60 (p=0.048), increasing T stage (p=0.021) and contraindication to carboplatin (p<0.001). The acceptable efficacy obtained with this schedule questions the need for synchronous cisplatin in good prognosis groups of oropharyngeal carcinoma. These results may also prompt the examination of a 4 week schedule of chemoradiotherapy in future randomised trials.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"3 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V3N2P1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70721769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung Cancer Patients Benefit from Second Opinions by Improvement of Diagnosis and Therapy","authors":"R. M. Schook, M. J. T. Avest, C. V. Setten, F. Man, E. Smit, P. Postmus","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V3N1P43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V3N1P43","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To collect data from the initial evaluation of patients referred for a second opinion to a specialist pulmonary oncology clinic and compare these with the data of the re-evaluation (second opinion) conducted there to identify discrepancies in diagnosis, stage and therapeutic advice. Methods: Demographics and disease characteristics of 188 patients referred between January 2005 to December 2009 were collected from medical records, next to therapeutic advice. The data of both initial and second evaluations were compared with each other. Results: At time of referral, the (clinical/histopathological) diagnosis was known in 174 patients (92.6%) and the stage in 162 patients (86.2%). Forty-eight percent of the patients had received prior therapy and 73% a therapeutic advice. Next to data review, additional diagnostic procedures were performed in 68% of the patients. There were discrepancies between the initial and second opinion in diagnosis (17 patients, 9%), stage (24 patients, 13%) and therapeutic advice (70 patients, 37%). The second opinions led to a total of 91 discrepancies, 53 of these had a potential major impact on patient outcomes in terms of survival, morbidity and quality of life. For patients with advanced lung cancer, the results were similar but the number of changed stages, therapeutic advices and discrepancies with a potential impact on patient outcomes were slightly higher (15%, 40% and 51% respectively). Conclusions: Lung cancer second opinions referrals led to significant discrepancies in diagnosis and therapeutic advice in a substantial number of patients. This might be translated in better (palliative) care.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"3 1","pages":"43-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V3N1P43","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70721678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are Cancer Patients Willing to Travel More or Further Away for a Slightly More Efficient Therapy","authors":"S. Anchisi, P. Groux","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V3N1P36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V3N1P36","url":null,"abstract":"Centralisation of cancer services is ongoing in many countries due to the rapid increase of knowledge in oncology, the interdisciplinary of many cancer treatments and economic pressure. This study investigated whether cancer patients are willing to accept this additional burden. All patients who came in February 2012 for a consultation or an ambulant treatment were asked to answer to a survey. The questionnaire covered among other six questions whether the patients would be willing to travel more frequently or further away. These questions were split in two groups: one for a slightly more efficacious therapy and the other for a therapy with slightly fewer side effects. To travel more frequently is well accepted as a clear majority of patients say yes or rather yes to travel more frequently for a more efficacious therapy (67%) as for a therapy with fewer side effects (62%). To travel further away doesn't have a clear majority as 51% of the patients say yes or rather yes for a more efficacious therapy and 49% for a therapy with fewer side effects. General acceptance of travelling further away as a consequence of centralisation of oncology services cannot be assumed. Particularly elderly patients are reluctant to it and will require specific solutions.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"3 1","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V3N1P36","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70721349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cutaneous Melanoma at an Inner City University Program and the Need for Aggressive Public Awareness Programs: A Pilot, Twelve Year Review","authors":"K. Tariq, Arezo Farhangi, Fauzia N Rana","doi":"10.5539/CCO.V3N1P30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/CCO.V3N1P30","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cutaneous melanoma is a very common and lethal subtype of skin cancers. It is associated with certain risk factors, like exposure to UV radiation that can be avoided. It therefore essential to increase public awareness about this malignancy in order to either avoid this cancer altogether or at least be able to diagnose it in its earlier stages. Method: This is a retrospective review of the Tumor Registry at University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville during the period between the January 1, 1995 and the December 31, 2007. Data was collected on various clinic-pathological variables including the date of registration, age, race, staging and anatomic distribution with special focus on the gender distribution of cutaneous melanoma in our patient population. Anatomic locations were classified into 4 groupings: head and neck, trunk (consisting of the sub regions of the chest, abdomen, groin, upper back, lower back, and buttocks), upper extremities (upper arms, forearms and elbows, and hands), and lower extremities (thighs, lower legs and knees, and feet). Categorical data were analyzed using Chi-square testing. Results: Data analysis from the past 12 years revealed a total of 323 patients with primary cutaneous melanoma with 63% (205) men, and 37% (118) females. Median age was 56 years (age range, 14-87 years). Mean age was 55 with SD +/- 16.8, women were younger than men with a mean age at diagnosis of 50 and 57 years respectively (p <.05). Patients under the age of 35 accounted for 16% of cases. 317 patients were classified as white (98%) and 6 were African American (2%). Mean age was 54 and 58 years for Caucasian and African Americans respectively with p= 0.035. Among men, 25% of the melanomas were on the head and neck, 31% on the trunk, 23% on the upper extremities and 12% on the lower extremities. For women, 17% of the melanomas were on the head and neck, 29% on the trunk, 24% on the upper extremities, and 24% on the lower extremities. The primary tumor was predominantly located on the trunk in 60% of the patients, in men (31%) and in women (29%) with P= 0.029. Significant results are tabulated in the tables listed below. Conclusion: To our knowledge this is the first study on malignant melanoma from our institution in Jacksonville, Florida. There were more male patients than women, supporting a sex distribution difference of almost 2 to 1.","PeriodicalId":89904,"journal":{"name":"Cancer and clinical oncology","volume":"3 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/CCO.V3N1P30","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70721271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}