The Journal of IMAPub Date : 2013-04-22Print Date: 2012-01-01DOI: 10.5915/44-1-9055
Soumen Das, Retina Paul, Utpal De, Mrityunjay Mukherjee
{"title":"Management of breast cancer by vaccine: fact or fiction.","authors":"Soumen Das, Retina Paul, Utpal De, Mrityunjay Mukherjee","doi":"10.5915/44-1-9055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5915/44-1-9055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy (75-80%) among women. Options for management of BC are multivariate. Available modalities include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and hormone therapy. Despite availability of improved therapeutic adjuncts, mortality from BC is 40%. Vaccination strategies against BC are emerging as a viable alternative. This review highlights the available results of this emerging therapeutic strategy. </p>","PeriodicalId":89859,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of IMA","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/62/59/jima-44-1-09055.PMC3708638.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31588767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Journal of IMAPub Date : 2013-04-13Print Date: 2012-01-01DOI: 10.5915/44-1-5920
Sharmin Islam, Rusli Bin Nordin, Ab Rani Bin Shamsuddin, Hanapi Bin Mohd Nor, Abu Kholdun Al-Mahmood
{"title":"Ethics of surrogacy: a comparative study of Western secular and islamic bioethics.","authors":"Sharmin Islam, Rusli Bin Nordin, Ab Rani Bin Shamsuddin, Hanapi Bin Mohd Nor, Abu Kholdun Al-Mahmood","doi":"10.5915/44-1-5920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5915/44-1-5920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The comparative approach regarding the ethics of surrogacy from the Western secular and Islamic bioethical view reveals both commensurable and incommensurable relationship. Both are eager to achieve the welfare of the mother, child and society as a whole but the approaches are not always the same. Islamic bioethics is straightforward in prohibiting surrogacy by highlighting the lineage problem and also other social chaos and anarchy. Western secular bioethics is relative and mostly follows a utilitarian approach. </p>","PeriodicalId":89859,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of IMA","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5915/44-1-5920","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31588764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Journal of IMAPub Date : 2013-04-10Print Date: 2012-01-01DOI: 10.5915/44-1-9260
Souvik Chatterjee, Vishal Gajbhiye, Avidip De, Sasanka Nath, Dipak Ghosh, Sukanta Kumar Das
{"title":"Achalasia cardia in infants: report of two cases.","authors":"Souvik Chatterjee, Vishal Gajbhiye, Avidip De, Sasanka Nath, Dipak Ghosh, Sukanta Kumar Das","doi":"10.5915/44-1-9260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5915/44-1-9260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Achalasia cardia is a neuromuscular disorder of unknown etiology involving the body of the esophagus and lower esophageal sphincter (LES). It is characterized by aperistalsis of the body of the esophagus and failure of relaxation of lower esophageal sphincter. It usually affects patients between the ages of 30 and 60 years. It is unusual in childhood and extremely rare in infants. We report two cases of achalasia cardia in infants. Both cases were treated with open Heller's esophagocardiomyotomy with anti-reflux procedure. </p>","PeriodicalId":89859,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of IMA","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5915/44-1-9260","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31588765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Journal of IMAPub Date : 2013-02-12Print Date: 2012-01-01DOI: 10.5915/44-1-9988
Arish Mohammad Khan Sherwani, Mohammad Zulkifle, Rehmatulla
{"title":"A Pilot Trial of Jawarish Amla as Adjuvant to Anti-Tubercular Treatment Drugs for Control of Adverse Reactions in DOTS Regime in Pulmonary TB.","authors":"Arish Mohammad Khan Sherwani, Mohammad Zulkifle, Rehmatulla","doi":"10.5915/44-1-9988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5915/44-1-9988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>One of the greatest challenges of health care systems at the dawn of the 21st century is tuberculosis (TB). Drug resistant strains of TB are becoming a global public health risk. These strains commonly appear due to faulty therapies. Patients frequently stop treatment due to the toxicity of anti-tubercular treatment (ATT) drugs. Amla (Emblica officinalis) is a well-known Unani single drug. Jawarish amla is a Unani compound formulation which is commonly used to administer amla. This study tested the efficacy of Jawarish amla as an adjuvant to ATT drugs in reducing their side effects.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Half of forty eligible pulmonary tuberculosis patients were randomly assigned to Test (Group B) and the other half to Control (Group A). Six grams of Jawarish amla twice daily was administered to the test group, and the same dosage of placebo was administered to control group along with directly observed treatment, short course chemotherapy (DOTS) for 60 days. Fisher exact test and paired t-test were applied for efficacy evaluation. Grading of symptoms was done to assess the toxicity of ATT and outcome of the adjuvant.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Significant improvements were observed in almost all subjective and objective parameters. The exceptions were serum creatine and serum uric acid, which showed non-significant slight elevations within normal limits.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Jawarish amla was ascertained to be safe and effective adjuvant of DOTS in combating the adverse effects of ATT drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":89859,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of IMA","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/45/6a/jima-44-1-09988.PMC3708637.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31588766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"American Muslim Women: Negotiating Race, Class, and Gender Within the Ummah by Jamillah Karim","authors":"K. Searcy","doi":"10.5915/44-1-10586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5915/44-1-10586","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last forty years, there has been a dramatic growth in the number of Muslims in the United States. Estimates place the Muslim population at somewhere around 6 million, which makes Islam the second largest religion in the country. Islam today is not just in the international news, but it is an integral part of the landscape of America. Despite this, the Muslim community in America is not one, rather it is somewhat divided and that division is usually based upon race or ethnic origin. The two largest racial groups of Muslims in the United States are Black Americans and South Asians.","PeriodicalId":89859,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of IMA","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78331394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Journal of IMAPub Date : 2012-12-27Print Date: 2012-01-01DOI: 10.5915/44-1-10354
Samira Alaani
{"title":"Report of three cases of unusual anterior abdominal wall defects in fallujah general hospital during the year 2010.","authors":"Samira Alaani","doi":"10.5915/44-1-10354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5915/44-1-10354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abdominal wall defects occur when the normal sequence of the gastro intestinal tract development is interrupted. Gastroschisis represents a herniation of abdominal contents through a paramedian full-thickness abdominal wall fusion defect without involving the umbilical cord. Evisceration usually only contains intestinal loops and has no surrounding membrane unlike omphalocoele. It is unusual for a newborn with gastroschisis to have other serious birth defects. Neonates with gastroschisis have better prognosis than those with omphalocele. Very rarely is gastroschisis associated with herniation of other organs, and their presence makes the prognosis worse. I report three cases of unusual anterior abdominal wall defects during the year 2010, each having specific associated abnormalities. One was stillborn, and the other two died shortly after delivery. </p>","PeriodicalId":89859,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of IMA","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8f/4a/jima-44-1-10354.PMC3708633.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31589356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Journal of IMAPub Date : 2012-08-30Print Date: 2012-01-01DOI: 10.5915/44-1-10463
Samira Alaani, Mohannad A R Al-Fallouji, Christopher Busby, Malak Hamdan
{"title":"Pilot study of congenital anomaly rates at birth in fallujah, iraq, 2010.","authors":"Samira Alaani, Mohannad A R Al-Fallouji, Christopher Busby, Malak Hamdan","doi":"10.5915/44-1-10463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5915/44-1-10463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine numbers of congenital anomaly (CA) at birth overall and by class in one clinic in Fallujah General Hospital, Fallujah, Iraq.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>All congenital anomaly birth referrals to one pediatric clinician at Fallujah General Hospital for an eleven month period beginning November 1, 2009 were recorded. This clinic was one of three clinics to which cases would be referred.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 291 CA cases registered at birth in the period at the study's clinic. The total number of births recorded in the hospital over the period was 6049. The CAs included 113 heart and circulatory system cases, 72 nervous system cases, 40 digestive system cases, 9 genitourinary cases, 6 ear, face and neck cases, 7 respiratory cases and 30 Down syndrome cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Owing to difficulties establishing the exact number of births from which these cases were drawn, the exact rates cannot be precisely determined. Nevertheless, on the basis of reasonable assumptions relating to the activity of the clinic involved, these results support earlier epidemiological findings. On the basis of work reported elsewhere, the higher rates of congenital anomalies are believed to be caused by exposure to some genotoxic agent, possibly uranium.</p>","PeriodicalId":89859,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of IMA","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/83/ab/jima-44-1-10463.PMC3708634.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31589357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Journal of IMAPub Date : 2012-08-15Print Date: 2012-01-01DOI: 10.5915/44-1-9317
Gh Mohiuddin Wani, Sheikh Manzoor Ahmad, Seema Qayoom, Bilquees Khursheed, A R Khan
{"title":"Corticosteroid Induced, HHV-8 Positive Kaposi's Sarcoma in a Non-HIV Elderly Patient.","authors":"Gh Mohiuddin Wani, Sheikh Manzoor Ahmad, Seema Qayoom, Bilquees Khursheed, A R Khan","doi":"10.5915/44-1-9317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5915/44-1-9317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) was first described in 1872 by Moritz Kaposi. In 1994, Chang et al. first identified DNA sequences corresponding to human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) in AIDS-associated Kaposi sarcoma biopsies. It is now believed that presence of HHV-8 is necessary but not sufficient to cause KS. Other factors like immunosuppressive therapy also play a role. We describe an HIV-negative elderly patient who developed KS of skin and mucous membrane after prolonged use of corticosteroids for knee pain. The patient was positive for HHV-8. </p>","PeriodicalId":89859,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of IMA","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f7/f4/jima-44-1-09317.PMC3708632.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31589355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neglected Basal cell carcinoma in axilla.","authors":"Gh Mohiuddin Wani, Sheikh Manzoor Ahmad, Seema Qayoom, Bilquees Khursheed","doi":"10.5915/44-1-9224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5915/44-1-9224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer. The most significant risk factor is ultraviolet radiation and the most frequent site of BCC is head and neck, with around 75-80% occurring on face. BCC occurs infrequently in non-sun-exposed skin. The axilla is one of the least sun-exposed areas of our body, and as such BCC at this site is very rare. We present a case of large neglected axillary BCC in a 35- year-old male. </p>","PeriodicalId":89859,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of IMA","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b6/d3/jima-44-1-09224.PMC3708640.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31588763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Journal of IMAPub Date : 2012-06-29Print Date: 2012-01-01DOI: 10.5915/44-1-8780
Arthur Saniotis
{"title":"Islamic medicine and evolutionary medicine: a comparative analysis.","authors":"Arthur Saniotis","doi":"10.5915/44-1-8780","DOIUrl":"10.5915/44-1-8780","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The advent of evolutionary medicine in the last two decades has provided new insights into the causes of human disease and possible preventative strategies. One of the strengths of evolutionary medicine is that it follows a multi-disciplinary approach. Such an approach is vital to future biomedicine as it enables for the infiltration of new ideas. Although evolutionary medicine uses Darwinian evolution as a heuristic for understanding human beings' susceptibility to disease, this is not necessarily in conflict with Islamic medicine. It should be noted that current evolutionary theory was first expounded by various Muslim scientists such as al-Jāḥiẓ, al-Ṭūsī, Ibn Khaldūn and Ibn Maskawayh centuries before Darwin and Wallace. In this way, evolution should not be viewed as being totally antithetical to Islam. This article provides a comparative overview of Islamic medicine and Evolutionary medicine as well as drawing points of comparison between the two approaches which enables their possible future integration. </p>","PeriodicalId":89859,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of IMA","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e0/86/jima-44-1-08780.PMC3708639.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31589358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}