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Online journal of health ethics最新文献

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The Bionic Brain: Pragmatic Neuroethics and the Moral Plausibility of Cognitive Enhancement 仿生大脑：语用神经伦理学与认知增强的道德合理性
Online journal of health ethics Pub Date : 2019-12-03 DOI: 10.18785/ojhe.1502.07
Peter A. DePergola
{"title":"The Bionic Brain: Pragmatic Neuroethics and the Moral Plausibility of Cognitive Enhancement","authors":"Peter A. DePergola","doi":"10.18785/ojhe.1502.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18785/ojhe.1502.07","url":null,"abstract":"The seemingly infinite possibilities of contemporary neuroscience span from the augmentation of memory, executive function, appetite, libido, sleep, and mood, to the maturation and development of emotional health and personality. These prospects hint at the capacity to alter neurocognitive conceptions of reality. They also mark the unavoidable inculcation of nuanced individual responses, perhaps radical, to these “tailormade” perceptions. Hence, there exists certain neuroethical, and even more generally, existential risks within this fascinating and expeditious enterprise. The primary question in the context of present-day neurotechnology is not what can be done, but what should be. To that end, this paper examines the concepts of memory, executive function, and emotional health and personality in the context of neurocognitive enhancement and posits the argument that neurocognitive enhancement can be justified as morally plausible in its potential to edify the caliber of overall cognition, and thus contribute to the ability to make pragmatically, robust moral decisions on the conditions that it (1) promotes general moral character, (2) compliments human nature, and (3) effects a deeper sense of individual and social identity.","PeriodicalId":89828,"journal":{"name":"Online journal of health ethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47484044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Cura Personalis of Healthcare Delivery: Ethical Reflections on Internal Medicine 医疗服务的个人关怀:内科学的伦理思考
Online journal of health ethics Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.18785/ojhe.1501.02
Peter A. DePergola II
{"title":"The Cura Personalis of Healthcare Delivery: Ethical Reflections on Internal Medicine","authors":"Peter A. DePergola II","doi":"10.18785/ojhe.1501.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18785/ojhe.1501.02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89828,"journal":{"name":"Online journal of health ethics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67707979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Truths that Make Us Free: Ethical Reflections on Reproductive Endocrinology 让我们自由的真理:生殖内分泌学的伦理反思
Online journal of health ethics Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.18785/ojhe.1501.08
Peter A. DePergola II
{"title":"The Truths that Make Us Free: Ethical Reflections on Reproductive Endocrinology","authors":"Peter A. DePergola II","doi":"10.18785/ojhe.1501.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18785/ojhe.1501.08","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89828,"journal":{"name":"Online journal of health ethics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67708947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hippocratic Values in an Era of Nuclear Asymmetry: Should U.S. Public Health Prepare for Nuclear War with North Korea? 核不对称时代的希波克拉底价值观:美国公共卫生是否应该为与朝鲜的核战争做好准备?
Online journal of health ethics Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.18785/ojhe.1502.06
G. Gellert
{"title":"Hippocratic Values in an Era of Nuclear Asymmetry: Should U.S. Public Health Prepare for Nuclear War with North Korea?","authors":"G. Gellert","doi":"10.18785/ojhe.1502.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18785/ojhe.1502.06","url":null,"abstract":"Advancements in North Korean nuclear weapons have heightened tensions and increased risk for nuclear war, and U.S. public health agencies are investing resources in nuclear attack preparation. Analyses assess the impact and value of existing protective public health strategies for limited nuclear exchange. Projections of fatality/injury from a North Korean nuclear strike and explosive impact mapping are used to assess the potential impact of an attack on major U.S. urban centers. A nuclear strike on the 20 largest U.S. urban centers would place 38.1% of Americans at risk. With 1-3 missiles of 250-kiloton yield deployed to each, 9.7 million fatalities and 16.8 million injuries would result, impacting 8.2% of the U.S. population. Extrapolation of Seoul-Tokyo nuclear attack impact data, assuming public sheltering reduces mortality 50%, indicates 4.7-9.4 million Americans could be killed. Local medical-public health personnel/infrastructure to care for survivors would be largely destroyed. Public health measures do not meaningfully decrease U.S. mortality/injury from a limited nuclear strike. Medical-public health leaders must ensure U.S. leaders comprehend the public health disaster resulting after even a limited nuclear attack, and advocate against current shifts in U.S. nuclear policy toward first use and expanded nuclear scenarios with lower use thresholds.","PeriodicalId":89828,"journal":{"name":"Online journal of health ethics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67709622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Informed about Informed Consent: A Qualitative Study of Ethics Education 知情同意:伦理教育的定性研究
Online journal of health ethics Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.18785/ojhe.1502.02
Rocksheng Zhong, J. Northrop, P. Sahota, H. Glick, A. Rostain
{"title":"Informed about Informed Consent: A Qualitative Study of Ethics Education","authors":"Rocksheng Zhong, J. Northrop, P. Sahota, H. Glick, A. Rostain","doi":"10.18785/ojhe.1502.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18785/ojhe.1502.02","url":null,"abstract":"Informed consent is a foundational concept in modern medicine. Despite physicians’ ethical and legal obligations to obtain informed consent, no standard curriculum exists to teach residents relevant knowledge and skills. This paper presents a qualitative study of residents at one academic medical center. The authors conducted focus groups with trainees in the Departments of Internal Medicine, Emergency Medicine, and Ob/Gyn and analyzed their responses using rigorous qualitative methods. Four themes emerged: First, participants agreed that informed consent and decision-making capacity were relevant in many clinical situations. Second, participants varied widely in their understandings of consent. Third, current resident training was insufficient. Fourth, more training was needed. These results add to the growing literature that ethics education in residency is desired and useful. The findings will help educators craft instruments assessing the prevalence and degree of deficiencies related to informed consent competencies and aid in the development of a model curriculum.","PeriodicalId":89828,"journal":{"name":"Online journal of health ethics","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67709475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fake Medical News: The Ethics and Dangers of Health Product Advertising Disguised as Real News 医疗假新闻：保健品广告假新闻的伦理与风险
Online journal of health ethics Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.18785/ojhe.1502.05
G. Gellert
{"title":"Fake Medical News: The Ethics and Dangers of Health Product Advertising Disguised as Real News","authors":"G. Gellert","doi":"10.18785/ojhe.1502.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18785/ojhe.1502.05","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89828,"journal":{"name":"Online journal of health ethics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67709573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Dignity and the Life Worth Living: Ethical Reflections on Pediatric Intensive Care 尊严与生命价值:儿科重症监护的伦理思考
Online journal of health ethics Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.18785/ojhe.1501.05
Peter A. DePergola II
{"title":"Dignity and the Life Worth Living: Ethical Reflections on Pediatric Intensive Care","authors":"Peter A. DePergola II","doi":"10.18785/ojhe.1501.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18785/ojhe.1501.05","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89828,"journal":{"name":"Online journal of health ethics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67708287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Morality of Medical Miracles: Ethical Reflections on Pediatric Oncology 医学奇迹的道德:儿科肿瘤学的伦理思考
Online journal of health ethics Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.18785/ojhe.1501.09
Peter A. DePergola II
{"title":"The Morality of Medical Miracles: Ethical Reflections on Pediatric Oncology","authors":"Peter A. DePergola II","doi":"10.18785/ojhe.1501.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18785/ojhe.1501.09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89828,"journal":{"name":"Online journal of health ethics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67709311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Healing without Curing: Ethical Reflections on Palliative Care Medicine 无治愈的治疗:对姑息治疗医学的伦理思考
Online journal of health ethics Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.18785/ojhe.1501.07
Peter A. DePergola II
{"title":"Healing without Curing: Ethical Reflections on Palliative Care Medicine","authors":"Peter A. DePergola II","doi":"10.18785/ojhe.1501.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18785/ojhe.1501.07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89828,"journal":{"name":"Online journal of health ethics","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67708558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ethical Strange Fruit 伦理怪果
Online journal of health ethics Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.18785/ojhe.1502.01
S. Davis
{"title":"Ethical Strange Fruit","authors":"S. Davis","doi":"10.18785/ojhe.1502.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18785/ojhe.1502.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89828,"journal":{"name":"Online journal of health ethics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67709416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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