ISRN obesity最新文献_第3页

Obesity affects mitochondrial citrate synthase in human omental adipose tissue. 肥胖影响人大网膜脂肪组织线粒体柠檬酸合成酶。

ISRN obesity Pub Date : 2013-07-28 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2013/826027

Martine Christe, Estelle Hirzel, Andrea Lindinger, Beatrice Kern, Markus von Flüe, Ralph Peterli, Thomas Peters, Alex N Eberle, Peter W Lindinger

{"title":"Obesity affects mitochondrial citrate synthase in human omental adipose tissue.","authors":"Martine Christe, Estelle Hirzel, Andrea Lindinger, Beatrice Kern, Markus von Flüe, Ralph Peterli, Thomas Peters, Alex N Eberle, Peter W Lindinger","doi":"10.1155/2013/826027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/826027","url":null,"abstract":"The activities of some key enzymes in mitochondria from 135 human omental adipose tissue samples of obese and nonobese patients were analyzed for potential association with the patients' state of obesity. The activities of respiratory complexes I and II as well as citrate synthase in isolated mitochondria were measured using spectrophotometric enzyme assays. ATP generation of mitochondria was determined with a bioluminescence assay. Protein levels of citrate synthase were quantified by western blot. The rates of ATP generation and the enzymatic activities of complexes I and II did not display associations with age, gender, obesity, or diabetes. By contrast, the enzymatic activities of citrate synthase and its protein levels were significantly reduced in obesity as compared to controls. In diabetic patients, protein levels but not enzymatic activities of citrate synthase were elevated. Thus, this investigation based on enzymatic assay and determination of protein levels revealed that the development of obesity is associated with a significant impact on citrate synthase in mitochondria of human omental adipose tissue. The state of obesity appears to affect mitochondrial function in human omental adipose tissue by limiting this key enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid cycle rather than by limiting the activities of respiratory chain enzymes. ","PeriodicalId":89786,"journal":{"name":"ISRN obesity","volume":"2013 ","pages":"826027"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/826027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32142957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 39

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in adolescents: a systematic review. 青少年超重和肥胖患病率:一项系统综述。

ISRN obesity Pub Date : 2013-06-27 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2013/392747

Maria Del Mar Bibiloni, Antoni Pons, Josep A Tur

引用次数: 128

ISRN obesity Pub Date : 2013-05-20 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2013/584547

Jeremy E Davis, James Cain, William J Banz, Richard G Peterson

{"title":"Age-Related Differences in Response to High-Fat Feeding on Adipose Tissue and Metabolic Profile in ZDSD Rats.","authors":"Jeremy E Davis, James Cain, William J Banz, Richard G Peterson","doi":"10.1155/2013/584547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/584547","url":null,"abstract":"The recruitment of new fat cells through adipogenesis may prevent the development of obesity-related comorbidities. However, adipogenic capacity is markedly reduced in mature adults. This study examined how initiation of high-fat feeding at different phases of adulthood modified adipose tissue (AT) morphology and obesity phenotype in obese and diabetic Zucker Diabetic Sprague Dawley (ZDSD) rats. For this, rodents were provided high-fat diet (HFD) beginning at 63, 84, or 112 d after parturition until termination (n = 6). At termination, ZDSD rats fed HFD beginning at 63 d after parturition (early adulthood) exhibited greater body fat and lower lean mass without significant changes to energy intake or body weight. Moreover, early high fat feeding increased adipocyte size and number, whereas these effects were absent at 84 or 112 d after parturition. At 126 d after parturition, there were no detectable transcript differences in PPAR γ or C/EBP α . However, rodents provided HFD in early adolescence exhibited lower expression of canonical Wnt signaling intermediates. Corresponding with these changes was a marked reduction in AT-specific inflammation, as well as overall improvement in systemic glucose, lipid, and inflammatory homeostasis. Taken together, these data indicate that dietary regulation of adipocyte recruitment in adolescence may represent a major determinant of obesity phenotype. ","PeriodicalId":89786,"journal":{"name":"ISRN obesity","volume":"2013 ","pages":"584547"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/584547","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32144107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

From passive overeating to "food addiction": a spectrum of compulsion and severity. 从被动暴饮暴食到 "食物成瘾"：强迫性和严重程度的范围。

ISRN obesity Pub Date : 2013-05-15 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2013/435027

Caroline Davis

{"title":"From passive overeating to \"food addiction\": a spectrum of compulsion and severity.","authors":"Caroline Davis","doi":"10.1155/2013/435027","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2013/435027","url":null,"abstract":"A psychobiological dimension of eating behaviour is proposed, which is anchored at the low end by energy intake that is relatively well matched to energy output and is reflected by a stable body mass index (BMI) in the healthy range. Further along the continuum are increasing degrees of overeating (and BMI) characterized by more severe and more compulsive ingestive behaviours. In light of the many similarities between chronic binge eating and drug abuse, several authorities have adopted the perspective that an apparent dependence on highly palatable food-accompanied by emotional and social distress-can be best conceptualized as an addiction disorder. Therefore, this review also considers the overlapping symptoms and characteristics of binge eating disorder (BED) and models of food addiction, both in preclinical animal studies and in human research. It also presents this work in the context of the modern and \"toxic\" food environment and therein the ubiquitous triggers for over-consumption. We complete the review by providing evidence that what we have come to call \"food addiction\" may simply be a more acute and pathologically dense form of BED. ","PeriodicalId":89786,"journal":{"name":"ISRN obesity","volume":"2013 ","pages":"435027"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3901973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32144101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Visceral Fat Accumulation Awareness on a Web-Based Weight-Loss Program: Japanese Study of Visceral Adiposity and Lifestyle Information-Utilization and Evaluation (J-VALUE). 内脏脂肪积累意识对基于网络的减肥计划的影响:日本内脏脂肪和生活方式信息利用和评估(J-VALUE)的研究。

ISRN obesity Pub Date : 2013-04-24 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2013/473764

Naoki Sakane, Seitaro Dohi, Koichi Sakata, Shin-Ichi Hagiwara, Toshihisa Morimoto, Takanobu Uchida, Mitsuhiro Katashima, Yoshiko Yanagisawa, Takeshi Yasumasu, J-Value Study Group

{"title":"Effects of Visceral Fat Accumulation Awareness on a Web-Based Weight-Loss Program: Japanese Study of Visceral Adiposity and Lifestyle Information-Utilization and Evaluation (J-VALUE).","authors":"Naoki Sakane, Seitaro Dohi, Koichi Sakata, Shin-Ichi Hagiwara, Toshihisa Morimoto, Takanobu Uchida, Mitsuhiro Katashima, Yoshiko Yanagisawa, Takeshi Yasumasu, J-Value Study Group","doi":"10.1155/2013/473764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/473764","url":null,"abstract":"A reduction of visceral fat is important for improvement of metabolic risk. This study was designed to compare the effects of a web-based program alone or together with measurement and self-awareness of accumulated visceral fat in Japanese workers. A new noninvasive device to measure visceral fat accumulation was introduced, and efficacy on weight-loss and improvement of healthy behaviors were examined. This study was conducted according to Helsinki declaration and approved by the ethical committee of Japan Hospital Organization, National Kyoto Hospital. Two-hundred and sixteen overweight and obese males with BMI of more than 23 participated from 8 healthcare offices of 3 Japanese private companies. Subjects were randomly allocated into control group, Web-based weight-loss program (Web), or Web + Visceral fat measurement group (Web + VFA). Eighty-one percent of participants completed the study. Reductions of body weight, waist circumference, and BMI were the largest in Web + VFA group, and the differences between groups were significant by ANOVA. Improvements of healthy behaviors were the largest in Web + VFA group, and the differences of healthy eating improvement scores between Web + VFA and control groups were significant. Our findings suggest that measurement and awareness of visceral fat are effective in weight reduction in overweight and obese males in the workplace. ","PeriodicalId":89786,"journal":{"name":"ISRN obesity","volume":"2013 ","pages":"473764"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/473764","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32141061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Mechanisms of Weight Regain following Weight Loss. 减肥后体重恢复的机制。

ISRN obesity Pub Date : 2013-04-16 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2013/210524

Erik Scott Blomain, Dara Anne Dirhan, Michael Anthony Valentino, Gilbert Won Kim, Scott Arthur Waldman

{"title":"Mechanisms of Weight Regain following Weight Loss.","authors":"Erik Scott Blomain, Dara Anne Dirhan, Michael Anthony Valentino, Gilbert Won Kim, Scott Arthur Waldman","doi":"10.1155/2013/210524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/210524","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity is a world-wide pandemic and its incidence is on the rise along with associated comorbidities. Currently, there are few effective therapies to combat obesity. The use of lifestyle modification therapy, namely, improvements in diet and exercise, is preferable over bariatric surgery or pharmacotherapy due to surgical risks and issues with drug efficacy and safety. Although they are initially successful in producing weight loss, such lifestyle intervention strategies are generally unsuccessful in achieving long-term weight maintenance, with the vast majority of obese patients regaining their lost weight during followup. Recently, various compensatory mechanisms have been elucidated by which the body may oppose new weight loss, and this compensation may result in weight regain back to the obese baseline. The present review summarizes the available evidence on these compensatory mechanisms, with a focus on weight loss-induced changes in energy expenditure, neuroendocrine pathways, nutrient metabolism, and gut physiology. These findings have added a major focus to the field of antiobesity research. In addition to investigating pathways that induce weight loss, the present work also focuses on pathways that may instead prevent weight regain. Such strategies will be necessary for improving long-term weight loss maintenance and outcomes for patients who struggle with obesity. ","PeriodicalId":89786,"journal":{"name":"ISRN obesity","volume":"2013 ","pages":"210524"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/210524","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32120833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 96

Urban, Suburban, and Rural: Adolescents' Use and Preferences for Fitness Promotion Technologies across Communities. 城市、郊区和农村:跨社区青少年对健身促进技术的使用和偏好。

ISRN obesity Pub Date : 2013-04-10 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2013/324259

Erika Mikulec, Natalie Goniu, Megan Moreno

{"title":"Urban, Suburban, and Rural: Adolescents' Use and Preferences for Fitness Promotion Technologies across Communities.","authors":"Erika Mikulec, Natalie Goniu, Megan Moreno","doi":"10.1155/2013/324259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/324259","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. An understanding of adolescents' use of technology across ages and communities could allow for future targeted obesity intervention strategies. Methods. Focus groups of adolescents from rural, suburban, and urban cities in three states were conducted. Focus groups were led by a trained facilitator to explore how participants used technologies and whether they applied them for fitness purposes. All focus groups were audio recorded and manually transcribed. Analysis was conducted by three investigators using an iterative process. Results. Five focus groups included adolescents between the ages of 12 and 18 years (20 females and 8 males.) Three themes were derived from our data. First, we found age differences regarding technology applied to fitness. Younger participants described technology as a complement to fitness; older participants viewed technology as a motivator for fitness. Second, differences in fitness approaches existed between rural and urban adolescents. Adolescents in rural communities reported focusing on the outdoors for fitness, while urban adolescents relied on fitness-oriented video games. Both rural and urban teens related having a lack of fitness-focused resources in their communities. Conclusions. Our findings indicate differences in adolescents' application of technology for fitness. Despite adolescents' differing uses of technology across communities, a common need exists to expand their resources. ","PeriodicalId":89786,"journal":{"name":"ISRN obesity","volume":"2013 ","pages":"324259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/324259","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32120835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Dysregulated Alternative Splicing Pattern of PKCδ during Differentiation of Human Preadipocytes Represents Distinct Differences between Lean and Obese Adipocytes. 人类前脂肪细胞分化过程中PKCδ选择性剪接模式失调代表了瘦脂肪细胞和肥胖脂肪细胞之间的显著差异。

ISRN obesity Pub Date : 2013-04-10 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2013/161345

Gay Carter, André Apostolatos, Rekha Patel, Abhishek Mathur, Denise Cooper, Michel Murr, Niketa A Patel

{"title":"Dysregulated Alternative Splicing Pattern of PKCδ during Differentiation of Human Preadipocytes Represents Distinct Differences between Lean and Obese Adipocytes.","authors":"Gay Carter, André Apostolatos, Rekha Patel, Abhishek Mathur, Denise Cooper, Michel Murr, Niketa A Patel","doi":"10.1155/2013/161345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/161345","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity and its comorbidities affect millions of people. Here, we demonstrate that human preadipocytes are susceptible to programmed cell death (apoptosis) while mature adipocytes are resistant to apoptosis. The molecular mechanisms underlying the phenotype of apoptosis-resistant adipocytes are lesser known. To study the role of apoptosis and define molecular differences in the developmental process of adipogenesis, human preadipocytes were differentiated in vitro to mature adipocytes. Many genes in the apoptosis pathway are alternatively spliced. Our data demonstrates that during differentiation PKC δ , Bclx, and Caspase9 switch to their prosurvival splice variants along with an increase in Bcl2 expression when the cells terminally differentiate into mature adipocytes. Next we determined the expression pattern of these genes in obesity. Our data indicated high expression of PKC δ VIII in adipose tissue of obese patient in different depots. We demonstrate a shift in the in vitro expression of these splice variants in differentiating preadipocytes derived from obese patients along with a decrease in adipogenesis markers. Hence, the programmed splicing of antiapoptotic proteins is a pivotal switch in differentiation that commits adipocytes to a prosurvival pathway. The expression pattern of these genes is dysregulated in obesity and may contribute to adipose tissue dysfunction. ","PeriodicalId":89786,"journal":{"name":"ISRN obesity","volume":"2013 ","pages":"161345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/161345","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32120832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Changes in Primary School Children's Behaviour, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Environments Related to Nutrition and Physical Activity. 小学生与营养和体育活动有关的行为、知识、态度和环境的变化。

ISRN obesity Pub Date : 2013-03-19 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2013/752081

Anthea Margaret Magarey, Tahna Lee Pettman, Annabelle Wilson, Nadia Mastersson

{"title":"Changes in Primary School Children's Behaviour, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Environments Related to Nutrition and Physical Activity.","authors":"Anthea Margaret Magarey, Tahna Lee Pettman, Annabelle Wilson, Nadia Mastersson","doi":"10.1155/2013/752081","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2013/752081","url":null,"abstract":"Rigorous evaluation of large-scale community-based obesity interventions can provide important guidance to policy and decision makers. The eat well be active (ewba) Community Programs, a five-year multilevel, multistrategy community-based obesity intervention targeting children in a range of settings, was delivered in two communities. A comprehensive mixed-methods evaluation using a quasiexperimental design with nonmatched comparison communities was undertaken. This paper describes the changes in primary school children's attitudes, behaviours, knowledge, and environments associated with healthy eating and physical activity, based on data from six questionnaires completed pre- and postintervention by students, parents, and school representatives. As self-reported by students in years from five to seven there were few significant improvements over time in healthy eating and physical activity behaviours, attitudes, knowledge, and perceived environments, and there were few changes in the home environment (parent report). Overall there were considerably more improvements in intervention compared with comparison schools affecting all environmental areas, namely, policy, physical, financial, and sociocultural, in addition to improvements in teacher skill and knowledge. These improvements in children's learning environments are important and likely to be sustainable as they reflect a change of school culture. More sensitive evaluation tools may detect behaviour changes. ","PeriodicalId":89786,"journal":{"name":"ISRN obesity","volume":"2013 ","pages":"752081"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3901960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32142954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Body Fat Mass Assessment: A Comparison between an Ultrasound-Based Device and a Discovery A Model of DXA. 体脂质量评估:超声设备与发现DXA模型的比较。

ISRN obesity Pub Date : 2013-02-27 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2013/462394

Jean-Claude Pineau, Loïc Lalys, Massimo Pellegrini, Nino Carlo Battistini

{"title":"Body Fat Mass Assessment: A Comparison between an Ultrasound-Based Device and a Discovery A Model of DXA.","authors":"Jean-Claude Pineau, Loïc Lalys, Massimo Pellegrini, Nino Carlo Battistini","doi":"10.1155/2013/462394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/462394","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To examine measurement of body composition by ultrasound compared with a reference technique:dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). We evaluated the accuracy of a portable ultrasound-based device in estimating total body fat mass with those assessed by DXA in adult. Methods. Body fat mass has been estimated using a portable ultrasound-based device in comparison with a contemporary reference DXA apparatus: the Hologic Discovery A. Anthropometric data has been assessed in order to maximize the output of the software associated with the ultrasound-based device. A cross-validation between ultrasound technique (US) and DXA was developed in this study. Total body fat mass estimated by ultrasound was compared with this DXA model in a sample of 83 women and 41 men. Results. Ultrasound technique (US) of body fat (BF) was better correlated with DXA in both women (r (2) = 0.97, P < 0.01) and men (r (2) = 0.92, P < 0.01) with standard errors of estimates (SEE) being 2.1 kg and 2.2 kg, respectively. Conclusion. The use of a portable device based on a US produced a very accurate BF estimate in relation to DXA reference technique. As DXA absorptiometry techniques are not interchangeable, the use of our ultrasound-based device needs to be recalibrated on a more contemporary DXA. ","PeriodicalId":89786,"journal":{"name":"ISRN obesity","volume":"2013 ","pages":"462394"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/462394","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32161022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9