Evidence-based spine-care journal最新文献

{"title":"Comparative effectiveness of different types of cervical laminoplasty.","authors":"John G Heller,&nbsp;Annie L Raich,&nbsp;Joseph R Dettori,&nbsp;K Daniel Riew","doi":"10.1055/s-0033-1357361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1357361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Study Design Systematic review. Study Rationale Numerous cervical laminoplasty techniques have been described but there are few studies that have compared these to determine the superiority of one over another. Clinical Questions The clinical questions include key question (KQ)1: In adults with cervical myelopathy from ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) or spondylosis, what is the comparative effectiveness of open door cervical laminoplasty versus French door cervical laminoplasty? KQ2: In adults with cervical myelopathy from OPLL or spondylosis, are postoperative complications, including pain and infection, different for the use of miniplates versus the use of no plates following laminoplasty? KQ3: Do these results vary based on early active postoperative cervical motion? Materials and Methods A systematic review of the English-language literature was undertaken for articles published between 1970 and March 11, 2013. Electronic databases and reference lists of key articles were searched to identify studies evaluating (1) open door cervical laminoplasty and French door cervical laminoplasty and (2) the use of miniplates or no plates in cervical laminoplasty for the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy or OPLL in adults. Studies involving traumatic onset, cervical fracture, infection, deformity, or neoplasms were excluded, as were noncomparative studies. Two independent reviewers (A.L.R., J.R.D.) assessed the level of evidence quality using the Grades of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system, and disagreements were resolved by consensus. Results We identified three studies (one of class of evidence [CoE] II and two of CoE III) meeting our inclusion criteria comparing open door cervical laminoplasty with French door laminoplasty and two studies (one CoE II and one CoE III) comparing the use of miniplates with no plates. Data from one randomized controlled trial (RCT) and two retrospective cohort studies suggest no difference between treatment groups regarding improvement in myelopathy. One RCT reported significant improvement in axial pain and significantly higher short-form 36 scores in the French door laminoplasty treatment group. Overall, complications appear to be higher in the open door group than the French door group, although complete reporting of complications was poor in all studies. Overall, data from one RCT and one retrospective cohort study suggest that the incidence of complications (including reoperation, radiculopathy, and infection) is higher in the no plate treatment group compared with the miniplate group. One RCT reported greater pain as measured by the visual analog scale score in the no plate treatment group. There was no evidence available to assess the effect of early cervical motion for open door cervical laminoplasty compared with French door laminoplasty. Both studies comparing the use of miniplates and no plates reported early postoperative motion. Evidence f","PeriodicalId":89675,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based spine-care journal","volume":"4 2","pages":"105-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0033-1357361","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32039854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent/Recurrent syringomyelia after Chiari decompression-natural history and management strategies: a systematic review.","authors":"James M Schuster,&nbsp;Fangyi Zhang,&nbsp;Daniel C Norvell,&nbsp;Jeffrey T Hermsmeyer","doi":"10.1055/s-0033-1357362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1357362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Study Design Systematic review. Study Rationale One of the most consistent indications for a Chiari decompression is tonsillar descent meeting the radiographic criteria and an associated syrinx in a symptomatic patient. In counseling patients about surgery, it would be advantageous to have information regarding the expected outcome with regard to the syrinx and other possible treatments available if the result is suboptimal. Clinical Questions The clinical questions include: (1) What is the average rate of recurrent or residual syringomyelia following posterior fossa decompression as a result of Chiari malformation with associated syringomyelia? (2) What treatment methods have been reported in the literature for managing recurrent or residual syringomyelia after initial posterior fossa decompression? Materials and Methods Available search engines were utilized to identify publications dealing with recurrent or residual syrinx after Chiari decompression and/or management of the syrinx. Rates of residual or recurrent syrinx were extracted and management strategies were recorded. Overall strength of evidence was quantified. Results Of the 72 citations, 11 citations met inclusion criteria. Rates of recurrent/residual syringomyelia after decompression in adults range from 0 to 22% with an average of 6.7%. There were no studies that discussed specifically management of the remaining syrinx. Conclusion Rates of recurrent/residual syringomyelia after Chiari decompression in adults range from 0 to 22% (average 6.7%). Although no studies describing the optimal management of residual syrinx were found, there is general agreement that the aim of the initial surgery is to restore relatively unimpeded flow of cerebrospinal across the craniocervical junction. Large holocord syrinx may induce a component of spinal cord injury even with adequate decompression and reduction in the caliber of the syrinx, resulting in permanent symptoms of injury. </p>","PeriodicalId":89675,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based spine-care journal","volume":"4 2","pages":"116-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0033-1357362","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32040879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternative Surgical Strategy for AxiaLIF Pseudarthrosis: A Series of Three Case Reports.","authors":"Jan K G Louwerens,&nbsp;Diederik Groot,&nbsp;Dennis C van Duijvenbode,&nbsp;Maarten Spruit","doi":"10.1055/s-0033-1357357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1357357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Study Design Retrospective case series. Objective The objective of this study is to describe an alternative technique to attain interbody lumbar fusion in the event of pseudarthrosis after axial lumbar interbody fusion (AxiaLIF) and to assess its safety. Methods Three patients who suffered from pseudarthrosis after AxiaLIF underwent revision surgery with a DEVEX cage (DePuy Synthes, Raynham, MA, United States) through an anterior approach. We report technical details as well as clinical and radiological results at 12 months follow-up. Results Preoperative symptoms resolved in all cases. There were no perioperative complications. One patient had a deep venous thrombosis at postoperative day 9. A decrease in visual analog scale score for pain was observed, from 8.67 preoperatively to 2 postoperatively at final follow-up. Radiographic workup after 12 months showed no sign of implant failure or loosening, and fusion was obtained in all cases. Conclusion Anterior fusion with a DEVEX cage in front of a TranS1 screw (TranS1 screw, Inc., Wilmington, North Carolina, United States) for AxiaLIF pseudarthrosis is safe and effective. </p>","PeriodicalId":89675,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based spine-care journal","volume":"4 2","pages":"143-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0033-1357357","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32040883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascularized fibula strut graft used in neurofibromatosis type 1-related kyphosis: a case of almost complete reversal of deformity-induced tetraparesis.","authors":"Markus Melloh,&nbsp;Bruce Hodgson,&nbsp;Alan Carstens,&nbsp;Jon Cornwall","doi":"10.1055/s-0033-1341599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1341599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Study Design Case report. Objective The aim of this study is to describe a case of vascularized fibula strut graft implanted in the cervicothoracic spine of a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1-related progressive kyphosis. Methods A detailed history examination of the surgical procedures and the results of the follow-up after fibula strut graft implantation were performed. In addition, a review of the literature was conducted to access the incidence of similar cases with an almost complete reversal of a deformity-induced tetraparesis. Results A 37-year-old man with severe type 1 neurofibromatosis causing a collapsing kyphosis of the cervicothoracic spine presented in 2006 with progressive low cervical tetraparesis. Intervention included posterior stabilization (C5 to T5) which was extended to C3-T9 in 2008; however, the kyphosis continued to worsen. In 2009, a vascularized fibula strut graft was implanted between the inferior and superior endplates of C3 and T9. Over the following months, the patient gradually recovered motor strength and improved functional use of all limbs. In March 2011, lower limb (bilateral) and right arm strength was grade 5, with left arm strength being grade 4+. Conclusions This case report demonstrates the existence of a potential local option for the difficult problems of pseudoarthrosis, progressive spinal deformity, and cord compromise in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1-related kyphosis resulting in an almost complete reversal of deformity-induced tetraparesis. </p>","PeriodicalId":89675,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based spine-care journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"59-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0033-1341599","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32039846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neck Pain Following Cervical Laminoplasty: Does Preservation of the C2 Muscle Attachments and/or C7 Matter?","authors":"K Daniel Riew, Annie L Raich, Joseph R Dettori, John G Heller","doi":"10.1055/s-0033-1341606","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0033-1341606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Study Design Systematic review. Objective In patients aged 18 years or older, with cervical spondylotic myelopathy or ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL), does sparing the C2 muscle attachments and/or C7-preserving cervical laminoplasty lead to reduced postoperative axial pain compared with conventional C3 to C7 laminoplasty? Do these results vary based on early active postoperative cervical motion? Methods A systematic review of the English-language literature was undertaken for articles published between 1970 and August 17, 2012. Electronic databases and reference lists of key articles were searched to identify studies evaluating C2/C3- or C7-preserving cervical laminoplasty for the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) or OPLL in adults. Studies involving traumatic onset, cervical fracture, infection, deformity, or neoplasms were excluded, as were noncomparative studies. Two independent reviewers assessed the level of evidence quality using the grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) system, and disagreements were resolved by consensus. Results We identified 11 articles meeting our inclusion criteria. Only the randomized controlled trial (RCT) showed no significant difference in late axial pain (at 12 months) when C7 spinous muscle preservation was compared with no preservation. However, seven other retrospective cohort studies showed significant pain relief in the preserved group compared with the nonpreserved group. The preservation group included those with preservation of the C7 spinous process and/or attached muscles, the deep extensor muscles, or C2 muscle attachment and/or C3 laminectomy (as opposed to laminoplasty). One study that included preservation of either the C2 or C7 posterior paraspinal muscles found that only preservation of the muscles attached to C2 resulted in reduced postoperative pain. Another study that included preservation of either the C7 spinous process or the deep extensor muscles found that only preservation of C7 resulted in reduced postoperative pain. Conclusion Although there is conflicting data regarding the importance of preserving C7 and/or the semispinalis cervicis muscle attachments to C2, there is enough evidence to suggest that surgeons should make every attempt to preserve these structures whenever possible since there appears to be little downside to doing so, unless it compromises the neurologic decompression. </p>","PeriodicalId":89675,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based spine-care journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"42-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3699245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32039844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered spinal motion in low back pain associated with lumbar strain and spondylosis.","authors":"Joseph S Cheng,&nbsp;Christopher B Carr,&nbsp;Cyrus Wong,&nbsp;Adrija Sharma,&nbsp;Mohamed R Mahfouz,&nbsp;Richard D Komistek","doi":"10.1055/s-0033-1341640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1341640","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Study Design We present a patient-specific computer model created to translate two-dimensional (2D) fluoroscopic motion data into three-dimensional (3D) in vivo biomechanical motion data. Objective The aim of this study is to determine the in vivo biomechanical differences in patients with and without acute low back pain. Current dynamic imaging of the lumbar spine consists of flexion-extension static radiographs, which lack sensitivity to out-of-plane motion and provide incomplete information on the overall spinal motion. Using a novel technique, in-plane and coupled out-of-plane rotational motions are quantified in the lumbar spine. Methods A total of 30 participants-10 healthy asymptomatic subjects, 10 patients with low back pain without spondylosis radiologically, and 10 patients with low back pain with radiological spondylosis-underwent dynamic fluoroscopy with a 3D-to-2D image registration technique to create a 3D, patient-specific bone model to analyze in vivo kinematics using the maximal absolute rotational magnitude and the path of rotation. Results Average overall in-plane rotations (L1-L5) in patients with low back pain were less than those asymptomatic, with the dominant loss of motion during extension. Those with low back pain also had significantly greater out-of-plane rotations, with 5.5 degrees (without spondylosis) and 7.1 degrees (with spondylosis) more out-of-plane rotational motion per level compared with asymptomatic subjects. Conclusions Subjects with low back pain exhibited greater out-of-plane intersegmental motion in their lumbar spine than healthy asymptomatic subjects. Conventional flexion-extension radiographs are inadequate for evaluating motion patterns of lumbar strain, and assessment of 3D in vivo spinal motion may elucidate the association of abnormal vertebral motions and clinically significant low back pain. </p>","PeriodicalId":89675,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based spine-care journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"6-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0033-1341640","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32040971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thoracic spinal metastasis of merkel cell carcinoma in an immunocompromised patient: case report.","authors":"Nicholas A Madden,&nbsp;Patricia A Thomas,&nbsp;Philip L Johnson,&nbsp;Karen K Anderson,&nbsp;Paul M Arnold","doi":"10.1055/s-0033-1341597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1341597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Study Design Case report. Objective Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), an uncommon cutaneous neuroendocrine malignancy, is a rare cause of spinal metastasis, with only five cases previously reported. We report a rare case of MCC metastatic to the spine in an immunocompromised patient. Methods A 55-year-old male with previously resected MCC, immunocompromised due to cardiac transplant, presented with sharp mid-thoracic back pain radiating around the trunk to the midline. Computed tomography of the thoracic spine showed a dorsal epidural mass from T6 to T8 with compression of the spinal cord. Laminectomy and subtotal tumor resection were performed, and pathology confirmed Merkel cell tumor through immunohistochemistry staining positive for cytokeratin 20 and negative for thyroid transcription factor-1. Results Further treatment with radiation therapy was initiated, and the patient did well for 4 months after surgery, but returned with a lesion in the cervical spine. He then opted for hospice care. Conclusions With an increasing number of immunocompromised patients presenting with back pain, MCC should be considered in the differential diagnosis of spinal metastatic disease. </p>","PeriodicalId":89675,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based spine-care journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"54-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0033-1341597","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32039845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical management of giant multilevel aneurysmal bone cyst of cervical spine in a 10-year-old child: case report with review of literature (evid based spine care j 2012;3(4):55-59).","authors":"Zachary Child,&nbsp;Daniel Hedequist","doi":"10.1055/s-0033-1341596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1341596","url":null,"abstract":"In response to the excellent case report and summary on aneurysmal bone cysts by Gurjar et al1 in the November 2012 edition of EBSJ, we felt that some additional points should be brought to the attention of the readers. In the management of these difficult but benign lesions, many good points were raised by the authors, but minimally invasive sclerotherapy was omitted. This procedure involves percutaneous puncturing, often repeated injections of a sclerosing agent, traditionally polidocanol and more recently ethanol, owing to complications reported with the former and not seen with the latter. It is a curious omission of the authors because one of the better articles considering sclerotherapy—“Is Sclerotherapy Better than Intralesional Excision for Treating Aneurysmal Bone Cysts?” by Varshney in CORR 2010—is from one of the author's institution, the All India Institute of Medical Sciences.2 In this Level II study, 94 patients were prospectively randomized into two treatment groups receiving either repetitive sclerotherapy using polidocanol or an intralesional extended curettage with autograft. With an average follow-up of more than 3 years, 93% achieved the group's criteria for healing versus 85% in the curettage control group, yet with a much more favorable complication profile. This injection-based treatment option has also been left unnoticed by other centers—as much as can be gleaned from the literature—as this form of therapy is likely not available in some institutions without more advanced interventional radiology departments.3 There is concern, however, regarding cervical aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) and injection of Ethibloc (polidocanol) following a case report resulting in death. This was felt to be related to tumor involvement with the vertebral artery.4 As noted by Gurjar, preoperative angiography, and if possible, embolization, are requisite studies. \u0000 \u0000In our experience, sclerotherapy has been a valuable tool in the treatment of this disease. For tumors with significant three-column involvement over multiple areas, it may not be possible to remove the lesion in its entirety even though a macroscopic intralesional resection may seem complete. Residual or “recurrent” disease involving one or both vertebral arteries may be seen on MRI in the setting of a solid incorporating fusion and graft. We have found sclerotherapy to be very helpful in those cases to try to get a jump on early “recurrence.” Extension into the bone graft could precipitate implant loosening and pseudarthrosis, which are difficult issues, especially in children. Within the last year, we had five large cervical and two thoracic ABCs with multicolumn and multilevel involvement; four were resected and instrumented, thus far without recurrences. Another was resected without reconstruction and is doing well. Two children have had resection and circumferential-instrumented fusions but have recurrent tumors being managed with sclerotherapy and serial MRI as the adjuvant. A","PeriodicalId":89675,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based spine-care journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"63-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0033-1341596","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32039847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring success in spine care.","authors":"Jens Chapman","doi":"10.1055/s-0033-1341595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1341595","url":null,"abstract":"Everything that can be counted does not necessarily count; everything that counts cannot necessarily be counted. \u0000 \u0000Albert Einstein \u0000 \u0000Spine surgery can be one of the most rewarding of medical specialties, yet spine care has invoked questions and even controversy from some circles. Undoubtedly, the well-being of humans is closely tied to a well-functioning spine, but maintaining it in well-functioning conditions through the course of a long and active lifetime is uncommon. Although it is well-known that a dysfunctional spine can cause its owner severe disability due to structural, neurologic, or painful circumstances, we frequently struggle to quantify these conditions and remain incomplete in providing irrefutable evidence of the effectiveness of some of our interventions. In our quest for validation of conditions and our interventions, we resort to metrics, frequently applied through tests. While these promise objectivity through reproducible quantification, the question remains: What do these tests actually measure and what do the results actually mean? \u0000 \u0000AOSpine recently published a comprehensive compilation of measurements used in spine care (a project in which I had the honor of serving as a coeditor). With this third book, Measurements in Spine Care,1 in a series titled Science in Spine Care, AOSpine set out to review all meaningful, clinical, spine-related tests, be they neurological, laboratory, radiographic, and more. The tests were then rated in a fashion similar to popular publications such as Consumer Reports and US News and World Report. As in our previous books, Spine Outcomes Measures and Instruments2 and Spine Classifications and Severity Measures,3 the editors were surprised with the paucity of meaningful and well-validated objective measurements in our discipline. Similar to our observations in the other areas of patient-related outcome measures and diseases/injury classification/severity ratings, our field is widely bereft of objective, reproducible quantifications of virtually all domains in which the well-being and function of spine are being tested. One of Albert Einstein's most famous insights yet again seems to be proven. \u0000 \u0000There are, however, many areas in which progress has been made, and functionality can be tested, such as in pulmonary function as an indirect expression of torso health and simple walking or balancing tests for myelopathy. Many of these measurement opportunities are little known within the spine community due to a persistent “silo-mentality.” Hopefully, this book will provide inspiration to the scientifically motivated members of the spine community to advance our endeavors with sound applications to measure success. \u0000 \u0000As for EBSJ, we have an easier time to measure success: readership numbers, being listed in large search engines, and impact factor. Aside from boasting one of the largest readerships in spine surgery with over 10,000 readers worldwide, we are now listed in PubMed and all the issues t","PeriodicalId":89675,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based spine-care journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0033-1341595","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32040969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic studies part 2: evaluating the quality.","authors":"Nora B Henrikson,&nbsp;Andrea C Skelly","doi":"10.1055/s-0033-1341594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1341594","url":null,"abstract":"There are many opportunities for bias in economic evaluations. Thus, critical appraisal of economic studies is very important but complex. No standard methodology for appraisal has been universally adopted. However, consideration of the common elements that constitute a high-quality economic study provides the clinician with the tools to understand when one might be dealing with a high-quality study, a deeply flawed one, or one that made the best use of the data available. \u0000 \u0000Studies of economic impact have become increasingly important in health policy decisions given the finite resources available for health care. While they should not be the sole basis of decision making, such studies provide potentially valuable information if well done. It is therefore important that high-quality economic studies be conducted and the results of economic studies be placed in the context of their quality. \u0000 \u0000Learn more about economic evaluation \u0000 \u0000Drummond MF, Sculpher MJ, Torrance GW, O'Brien BJ, Stoddart GL. Methods for the Economic Evaluation of Health Care Programs. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 2005 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000What is an economic evaluation? Introduction to Economic Evaluation. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/owcd/EET/SeriesIntroduction/1.html \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Health Economics Information Resources. A self-study course. National Information Center on Health Services Research and Health Care Technology (NICHSR). Available at: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/nichsr/edu/healthecon/beginningend.pdf \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Boos N. The impact of economic evaluation on quality management in spine surgery. Eur Spine J 2009;18(Suppl 3):338–347 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Holtz A, Nelson HD, Reid E. Our questions, our decisions: standards for patient-centered outcomes research. Preliminary Draft Methodology Report; PCORI Methodology Committee; Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute 2012; Available at: http://www.pcori.org/assets/Preliminary-Draft-Methodology-Report.pdf \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Funding \u0000 \u0000This article was funded by AOSpine.","PeriodicalId":89675,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based spine-care journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"2-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0033-1341594","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32040970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}