Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Interactive effects of morphine and the HIV integrase inhibitor, cabotegravir, in male and female mice","authors":"Candy Carbajal ,&nbsp;Florida Owens ,&nbsp;Nicole Stone ,&nbsp;Jordan Swickley ,&nbsp;Matthew Jordan ,&nbsp;Lilian Valadares Tose ,&nbsp;Francisco Fernandez-Lima ,&nbsp;Adel Nefzi ,&nbsp;Shilpa Buch ,&nbsp;Myosotys Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Nazira El-Hage","doi":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cabotegravir is a novel therapeutic option for HIV prevention. Similar to the opioid morphine, cabotegravir, undergoes glucuronidation through the enzymes uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) in the liver. We hypothesize that their combination could lead to drug-drug interactions, and this notion was explored in both male and female mice. Our findings indicate a better analgesic response to morphine in females compared to male animals, which was to be mediated by μ-opioid receptors and proteins associated with synaptic plasticity. Co-administration with cabotegravir appears to intensify morphine concentrations in the brain and the analgesic response in male animals only. Moreover, cabotegravir-induced fluctuations in the expression of the UGT enzymes correlated with alterations in drug metabolism and excretion and in the production of inflammatory cytokines primarily driven by morphine in the brains and cabotegravir in the liver. The increased levels of inflammatory cytokines in males aligned with noticeable morphological changes in the liver. In summary, co-exposure with cabotegravir changed the biodistribution in the brain, affected liver metabolism, and altered kidney excretion, leading to changes in gene expression and inflammatory effects that could disrupt morphine analgesia responses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8966,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 117925"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143478584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social and contextual memory impairments induced by Amyloid-β oligomers are rescued by Sigma-1 receptor activation","authors":"Souhail Djebari,&nbsp;Raquel Jiménez-Herrera,&nbsp;Guillermo Iborra-Lázaro,&nbsp;Lydia Jiménez-Díaz ,&nbsp;Juan D. Navarro-López","doi":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sigma-1 receptors (S1Rs) are widely expressed throughout the central nervous system and modulate neuron intracellular calcium levels, leading to changes in neurotransmitter release and neuronal activity. They also interact with various proteins and signaling pathways, playing a key role in regulating synaptic plasticity in brain areas such as the hippocampus, thereby influencing learning and memory processes. This opens a research avenue to explore S1R modulation as a potential therapeutic target in diseases involving hippocampal synaptic alterations and compromised cognitive processes, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we hypothesize that pharmacological activation of S1R could counteract synaptic plasticity deficits and hippocampal-dependent cognitive alterations in an early-stage amyloidosis model of Alzheimer’s disease, induced by intracerebroventricular (<em>icv</em>) administration of <em>Aβ</em>_1–42 oligomers (o<em>Aβ</em>_1–42). For that purpose, we investigate <em>ex vivo</em> CA3-CA1 synaptic plasticity, while <em>in vivo</em>, we performed open field habituation and social recognition tasks to assess contextual and social memory, respectively. Our data show that pharmacological activation of S1Rs with the selective agonist PRE-084 counteract o<em>Aβ</em>_1–42 deleterious effects on CA3-CA1 long-term synaptic plasticity (LTP), and hippocampal-dependent contextual and social memory, without alterations of spontaneous behaviors. Together, these results provide further evidence for the role of S1Rs in ameliorating hippocampal synaptic and contextual memory dysfunctions and introduce novel insight into their involvement in early amyloid-induced social memory deficits, highlighting their potential for developing comprehensive treatments for early AD. Also, the absence of adverse behavioral outcomes associated with PRE-084 treatment suggests a favorable safety profile in preclinical models, supporting its potential as a therapeutic option.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8966,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 117914"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143478583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell membrane sialome machinery and regulation of receptor tyrosine kinases in gliomas: The functional relevance and therapeutic perspectives","authors":"Patrycja Jastrząb ,&nbsp;Halina Car ,&nbsp;Przemyslaw Wielgat","doi":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors characterized by high aggressive potential, poor therapeutic response, and significantly reduced overall patient survival. Despite significant progress in the diagnosis and therapy of cancer, gliomas remain a clinical challenge due to the high molecular and cellular heterogeneity, which provides for multiple mechanisms of chemoresistance and adaptive plasticity. A better understanding of cellular regulatory mechanisms of intracellular signal transduction enables the development of targeted drug therapies and clinical application. The increasing evidence confirms the role of sialoglycans in the processing of cell membrane receptors via altered dimerization, activation, and autophosphorylation, which results in changes in cellular signaling and promotes cancer progression. Hence, the modified sialylation patterns, as a hallmark of cancer, have been described as modulators of chemotherapy effectiveness and drug resistance. The receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)–mediated signaling in glial tumors control cell growth, survival, migration, and angiogenesis. Here, we focus on the engagement of the sialome machinery in RTKs processing in gliomas and its importance as a suitable therapeutic target. The analysis of the sialylation pattern and its impact on the activity of growth factor receptors provides valuable insights into our understanding of the molecular and cellular complexity of glial tumors. This highlights the novel treatment approaches that could improve prognosis and patients’ overall survival.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8966,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 117921"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling lactylation modification: A new hope for cancer treatment","authors":"Yuxiang Luo ,&nbsp;Ning Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiarong Ye ,&nbsp;Zuao Wang ,&nbsp;Xinchi Zhou ,&nbsp;Jipeng Liu ,&nbsp;Jing Cai ,&nbsp;Chen Li ,&nbsp;Leifeng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review article delves into the multifaceted role of lactylation modification in antitumor therapy, revealing the complex interplay between lactylation modification and the tumor microenvironment (TME), metabolic reprogramming, gene expression, and immunotherapy. As an emerging epigenetic modification, lactylation has a significant impact on the metabolic pathways of tumor cells, immune evasion, gene expression regulation, and sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs. Studies have shown that lactylation modification significantly alters the development and therapeutic response of tumors by affecting metabolites in the TME, immune cell functions, and signaling pathways. In the field of immunotherapy, the regulatory role of lactylation modification provides a new perspective and potential targets for tumor treatment, including modulating the sensitivity of tumors to immunotherapy by affecting the expression of immune checkpoint molecules and the infiltration of immune cells. Moreover, research progress on lactylation modification in various types of tumors indicates that it may serve as a biomarker to predict patients' responses to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Overall, research on lactylation modification provides a theoretical foundation for the development of new tumor treatment strategies and holds promise for improving patient prognosis and quality of life. Future research will further explore the application potential of lactylation modification in tumor therapy and how to improve treatment efficacy by targeting lactylation modification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8966,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 117934"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of Alzheimer's disease-like triple transgenic 3x-Tg mice to experimental migraine evoked by nitroglycerin","authors":"Kathryn D. Fischer ,&nbsp;Deborah Frazao ,&nbsp;Timothy Meyer ,&nbsp;Simon Katner ,&nbsp;Sam Colin ,&nbsp;Chiaki Yamada ,&nbsp;Alexandru Movila","doi":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Migraine is a disabling chronic condition of the central nervous system (CNS) with accelerated prevalence in females. Emerging studies demonstrated that females with a history of migraine have a 37 % higher risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) compared to same-age males with a history of migraine. To date, it remains unclear how to address sex-associated migraine disorder in patients with AD due to our limited knowledge of the molecular crosstalk behind these two CNS disorders. There are no available animal models that recapitulate both migraine pain and AD phenotypes. Since nitroglycerin (NTG) is widely used in clinics and in experimental wild-type rodent models to monitor migraine symptoms, we aimed to evaluate whether NTG accelerates migraine pain and affects AD hallmarks. Our group and previous reports have shown that the AD-like triple transgenic (3x-Tg) mice demonstrate behavioral changes and pathogenic amyloidogenesis in response to chronic inflammation. Therefore, we treated 3x-Tg mice every other day with ten intraperitoneal injections of NTG or saline. In response to NTG, female 3xTg mice demonstrated accelerated pain responses and diminished cognitive performance during a spatial learning and memory task compared to males and saline exposed groups. We also observed accelerated AD-associated amyloidogenesis in NTG-exposed females compared to the saline group. No sex differences between NTG-treated groups were detected relative to pain threshold, behavioral, and amyloidogenesis changes. Collectively, this novel migraine model induced in AD 3x-Tg mice allowed us to monitor the effect of NTG on the pain threshold, behavioral changes, and pathogenic amyloidogenesis in males and females.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8966,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 117920"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Right ventricular dysfunction following surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot: Molecular pathways and therapeutic prospects","authors":"Qiang Fan,&nbsp;Yabo Wang,&nbsp;Qi An,&nbsp;Yunfei Ling","doi":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD). Although surgical correction of TOF is possible, patients often face challenges related to right ventricle dysfunction (RVD) post-surgery, which can significantly impact their long-term survival. The causes of RVD in TOF patients are complex, involving both the unique structural characteristics of the TOF heart and damage resulting from surgical interventions. Residual anatomical issues following TOF repair are often unavoidable, placing the RV under stress and leading to the activation of multiple molecular pathways. This review comprehensively outlines the causes of RVD in patients after TOF surgery, particularly focusing the molecular pathways that contribute to RVD, including established signaling pathways as well as emerging pathways identified through transcriptomic analysis of RV myocardium in TOF patients. We also highlight the features of these molecular pathways concerning RVD, as well as the influence of gender disparities on these molecular pathways. By interpreting the causes and molecular mechanisms underlying RVD after TOF surgery, this review provides new insights for managing RVD in repaired TOF, potentially paving the way for targeted therapies aimed at improving long-term outcomes for those affected by RVD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8966,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 117924"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure-activity relationship analysis of mono-methylated quercetins by comprehensive MS/MS analysis and anti-proliferative efficacy in human colorectal cancer cells","authors":"Sanghee Han ,&nbsp;Yong Weon Yi ,&nbsp;Hail Kim ,&nbsp;Min Young Lee ,&nbsp;Hyunjin Choi ,&nbsp;Yeon-Sun Seong ,&nbsp;In Jin Ha ,&nbsp;Seok-Geun Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flavonoids and their derivatives are known for their diverse biological activities. This study aims to elucidate the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of flavonoids, including fisetin, luteolin, quercetin, and mono-methylated quercetins (MQs), with a focus on their potential as therapeutic agents for colorectal cancer (CRC). Using electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-QTOF MS/MS) and retro Diels-Alder (rDA) analysis, we developed a novel analytical method to differentiate between MQs, despite their identical molecular weights, by analyzing their unique fragmentation patterns. Comparing the structures and activities of the tested flavonoids highlights the importance of the methylation and hydroxylation status at the carbon 3, 5, 7, 3’, and 4’ positions of quercetin for enhancing antiproliferative activity in human CRC cells. Specifically, 3-<em>O</em>-methylquercetin and 4’-<em>O</em>-methylquercetin were found to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in CRC cells through mechanisms involving oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inactivation of the SRC/JAK2/STAT3 pathway, while exhibiting no cytotoxicity to normal human colon cells. These results suggest that MQs are promising therapeutic flavonoids for CRC treatment. This study underscores the importance of specific structural modifications in flavonoids to improve their anticancer efficacy, providing valuable insights for the development of targeted therapies for CRC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8966,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 117930"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amlexanox ameliorates imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis by inhibiting Th17 cells and the NF-κB signal pathway","authors":"Juan Wu ,&nbsp;Shan Liu ,&nbsp;Hongwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xingyue Zhang ,&nbsp;Jie Xue ,&nbsp;Zhengjuan Li ,&nbsp;Yue Zhang ,&nbsp;Yiming Jiang ,&nbsp;Pengyan Zhang ,&nbsp;Menglin Yang ,&nbsp;Qinghua Cui ,&nbsp;Guanhua Du ,&nbsp;Lili Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory dermatological disorder characterized by the aberrant differentiation and hyperproliferation of epidermal keratinocytes, boosted immune cell infiltration, and cytokine and chemokine production. Patients with psoriasis experience persistent discomfort and their conditions remain incurable. Therefore, development of safe and effective treatments for psoriasis is critical. Amlexanox, a tricyclic amine carboxylic acid, has various pharmacological advantages in previous studies, including anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, immunomodulatory, and metabolic properties. Here we used the imiquimod (IMQ)-induced animal model and interleukin 17 A (IL-17A) activated keratinocytes to examine the efficacy of amlexanox in the treatment of psoriasis. Immunological and histological analyses revealed that both topical and oral administration of amlexanox reduced psoriatic symptoms such as increased skin thickness, erythema, scale formation, and immune cell infiltration. In the IMQ-induced mouse model, amlexanox also reduced splenic Th17 cell counts and the production of IL-17/Th17-associated cytokines and chemokines. Furthermore, amlexanox inhibited nuclear factor-κB phosphorylation in IL-17 activated keratinocytes. These findings indicated that amlexanox effectively alleviated psoriatic symptoms through both oral and topical administration. We propose that amlexanox is a potent therapeutic candidate for the treatment of psoriasis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8966,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 117922"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bryophyllum pinnatum modulation of signaling pathways relevant for preterm labor in human myometrial cells","authors":"Leonie Zurfluh ,&nbsp;Stefanie Santos ,&nbsp;Annina Ruppen ,&nbsp;Johannes Mosbacher ,&nbsp;Christian Haslinger ,&nbsp;Nicole Ochsenbein-Kölble ,&nbsp;Olivier Potterat ,&nbsp;Ana Paula Simões-Wüst","doi":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Preparations of <em>Bryophyllum pinnatum</em> have been used as a well-tolerated treatment of preterm labor, initially in anthroposophic hospitals and, more recently, also in conventional settings. <em>In vitro</em> studies with human myometrial cells have shown that <em>B. pinnatum</em> leaf press juice inhibits both intracellular Ca^2 + signaling and the activation of inflammatory pathways induced by the relevant hormone oxytocin. However, the compounds responsible for these inhibitory effects and the potential involvement of related signaling pathways remain unknown. In the present study, we aim to address these knowledge gaps. <em>In vitro</em> experiments were conducted in hTERT-C3 human myometrial cells, using alamarBlue assay, fluorescent intracellular Ca²⁺ assay, ELISA, proteomics and real-time PCR. Contractility studies were conducted in an <em>ex vivo</em> organ bath model using human myometrial tissue. No single compound from <em>B. pinnatum</em> leaves mimicked the inhibitory effect of the whole leaf press juice on OT-induced Ca²⁺ signaling. However, a bufadienolide-enriched fraction and the bufadienolides bersaldegenin-1,3,5-acetate, bryophyllin A and bersaldegenin-3-acetate, but not bersaldegenin-1-acetate, reduced OT-induced COX-2 expression and attenuated NFκB activation. That the juice can inhibit prostaglandin F_2α-induced contractions was shown in the myometrium bath model. Proteomics analysis revealed that the leaf juice reduced expression of various extracellular matrix proteins. Cell viability assays showed that the various inhibitory effects cannot be attributed to cytotoxicity. Taken together, these results further support investigations on the use of <em>B. pinnatum</em> as a well-tolerated candidate for long-term treatment of preterm labor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8966,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 117919"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanotechnology meets radiobiology: Fullerenols and Metallofullerenols as nano-shields in radiotherapy","authors":"Paulina Kazmierska-Grebowska ,&nbsp;Maciej M. Jankowski ,&nbsp;Elena Obrador ,&nbsp;Joanna Kolodziejczyk-Czepas ,&nbsp;Grzegorz Litwinienko ,&nbsp;Jacek Grebowski","doi":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite significant advances in the development of radioprotective measures, the clinical application of radioprotectors and radiomitigators remains limited due to insufficient efficacy and high toxicity of most agents. Additionally, in oncological radiotherapy, these compounds may interfere with the therapeutic effectiveness. Recent progress in nanotechnology highlights fullerenols (FulOHs) and metallofullerenols (Me@FulOHs) as promising candidates for next-generation radioprotectors. These nanostructures possess unique antioxidant properties, demonstrating greater efficacy in rediucing oxidative stress compared to conventional agents. Moreover, their potential to minimize pro-oxidative risks depends on the precise identification of cellular environments and irradiation conditions that optimize their radioprotective effects. In parallel, Me@FulOHs serve as powerful theranostic tools in oncology. Their strong imaging signals enable high-resolution PET and MRI, facilitating early detection and accurate localization of pathogenic alterations. This dual functionality positions Me@FulOHs as key components in advanced radiotherapy. By integrating these nanomaterials with modern theranostic approaches, it is possible to enhance the precision of treatment while minimizing side effects, addressing a critical need in contemporary oncology. This review emphasizes the importance of systematic evaluation of context-dependent effects of Me@FulOHs, particularly in pre- and post-irradiation scenarios, to optimize their clinical relevance. The dual role of Me@FulOHs as both radioprotectors and diagnostic agents distinguishes them from traditional compounds, paving the way for innovative practical applications. Their use in radiotherapy represents a significant step toward the development of safer and more effective strategies in radiation protection and cancer treatment. We also review ionizing radiation effects, classifications, cancer radiotherapy applications, and countermeasures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8966,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 117915"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}