{"title":"Anisotropic Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sheet Composed of Adipose-Tissue- and Umbilical-Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.","authors":"Kenichi Nagase, Hasumi Kuramochi, Hironobu Takahashi","doi":"10.1248/bpb.b25-00364","DOIUrl":"10.1248/bpb.b25-00364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) sheet therapies are effective in treating intractable diseases. Aligned and oriented bone-marrow-derived MSC sheets have been developed using stripe-patterned thermoresponsive cell culture dishes to increase the effectiveness of MSC therapies compared with unaligned MSC sheets. However, adipose-tissue- and umbilical-cord-derived MSCs (ADMSCs and UCMSCs, respectively) have not yet been used for preparing aligned cell sheets. Therefore, we prepared aligned cell sheets comprising ADMSCs and UCMSCs. We produced a patterned cell culture dish by modifying polyacrylamide into a striped pattern on a commercially available poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-modified dish. Aligned cell sheets comprising ADMSCs and UCMSCs were successfully prepared in these culture dishes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8955,"journal":{"name":"Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin","volume":"48 7","pages":"1107-1110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144727745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Targeted Liposomes for Enhanced Accumulation in Ischemia/Reperfusion Environment.","authors":"Shintaro Yoneda, Kentaro Kogure","doi":"10.1248/bpb.b25-00118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b25-00118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury caused by resumed blood flow to an infarcted area contributes to poor patient prognosis due to a lack of treatment strategies. While the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the greatest barrier for drug delivery to the brain, temporary disruption to the BBB after brain I/R injury allows for delivery of cerebroprotective drug-encapsulated nanoparticles into the brain parenchyma. However, issues remain with delivering drugs to the I/R region using nanoparticles, such as the limited therapeutic time window due to BBB repair over time. To overcome these challenges, we developed nanoparticles specifically targeting the I/R environment. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R), an in vitro I/R model. Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) mRNA was upregulated early during the reoxygenation process. Furthermore, immunostaining of OGD/R-treated cells showed an increase in LDLR expression. Next, we constructed a peptide that mimics the LDLR binding recognition site on LDL, and modified liposomes to display the peptide on their surface. Peptide-modified liposomes showed targeting ability to the LDLR on cells. Accumulation of peptide-modified liposomes was significantly increased in OGD/R treated cells compared with controls, and was reduced by blocking LDLR using its antibody. These results demonstrate upregulation of LDLR and LDLR-mediated liposome uptake in OGD/R stressed cells. In conclusion, LDLR binding recognition site mimicking peptide-modified liposomes are a useful drug carrier that can recognize I/R injured endothelial cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":8955,"journal":{"name":"Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin","volume":"48 7","pages":"1008-1015"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Action-at-a-Distance Mutations Induced by the True Abasic Site, Uracil, and Nicks: Unexpectedly Lower Mutagenicity of the True Abasic Site.","authors":"Tetsuya Suzuki, Kiyoharu Yasui, Hiroki Takata, Yasuo Komatsu, Hiroyuki Kamiya","doi":"10.1248/bpb.b25-00366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b25-00366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A major oxidized base, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (G<sup>O</sup>, 8-hydroxyguanine), is involved in cancer initiation. G<sup>O</sup> induces untargeted base substitution (action-at-a-distance) mutations as well as targeted G→T transversions in human cells. Uracil also induces similar untargeted mutations. An abasic site is the common product of their specific DNA glycosylases (OGG1 and UNG2, respectively) and is an expected intermediate of the untargeted mutation pathway. Subsequently, the DNA strand is nicked by AP endonuclease. In this study, a shuttle plasmid containing a true (natural) abasic site was introduced into human U2OS cells. The frequency of action-at-a-distance mutations was much lower for the abasic site than that for uracil, although the abasic site is considered the mutational intermediate of the latter. Moreover, nicked DNA containing a 5'-phosphate induced untargeted mutations less frequently than that without a 5'-phosphate, and their mutation frequencies were much higher than that of the abasic site. The unexpectedly low mutagenic potential of the true abasic site suggests that the mechanism of action-at-a-distance mutations is complex.</p>","PeriodicalId":8955,"journal":{"name":"Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin","volume":"48 7","pages":"1111-1117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144752247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Risk Factors for Delirium in Patients with Acute Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Tetsushi Kawazoe, Tomoaki Ishida, Kohei Jobu, Kei Kawada, Shumpei Morisawa, Junko Tomida, Naomi Iihara, Yoichi Kawasaki, Yukihiro Hamada","doi":"10.1248/bpb.b24-00870","DOIUrl":"10.1248/bpb.b24-00870","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Delirium is an acute, potentially life-threatening condition characterized by altered attention, disorganized thinking, and changes in consciousness. It frequently occurs in hospitalized patients with acute heart failure (AHF). In this meta-analysis, we aimed to identify risk factors for delirium in patients with AHF (AHF-D). We evaluated all original studies on delirium occurrence in patients hospitalized for AHF. On March 11, 2024, we searched PubMed, Scopus, Ichushi, and the Cochrane Library. Data extracted included: first author's name, publication year, inclusion/exclusion criteria, study design, delirium assessment methods, odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals, standardized mean differences, and other relevant findings. Of 2436 screened studies, 6 met eligibility criteria (3867 patients with AHF; 796 with delirium [20.6%] and 3071 without). Risk factors for AHF-D included older age; low body mass index; the use of mechanical ventilation/noninvasive positive pressure ventilation; comorbidities (previous stroke, dementia, and depression); use of antipsychotics and benzodiazepines; and laboratory findings on admission (elevated heart rate, B-type natriuretic peptide, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and low serum albumin and sodium levels). We identified 14 risk factors for AHF-D. These findings may help clinicians identify patients at high risk of developing AHF prior to delirium onset.</p>","PeriodicalId":8955,"journal":{"name":"Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin","volume":"48 7","pages":"1131-1141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144752181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Trastuzumab Cardiotoxicity: Mechanism and Management.","authors":"Minoru Wakasa, Miharu Masaki, Kouji Kajinami","doi":"10.1248/bpb.b25-00235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b25-00235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trastuzumab, a therapeutic drug for patients with breast cancer, is one of the most effective and commonly used anticancer drugs for breast cancer. However, its adverse effects include cardiotoxicity, and there is a risk of developing conditions such as arrhythmia, cardiomyopathy, and heart failure. The adverse cardiac effects associated with trastuzumab are now widely recognized, and their mechanisms are beginning to be partially understood. One of the mechanisms has been suggested to be related to the suppressive action of trastuzumab on the erythroblastic oncogene B2 receptor, which acts protectively on the myocardium. Diagnosis can be made by assessing cardiac function with echocardiography, as well as measuring serum troponin I and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels as biomarkers, and magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis may be helpful for early detection. As for therapeutic and prophylactic drugs, β-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, which are used to treat heart failure, have been shown to be effective, while recently, angiotensin receptor/neprilysin and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors are expected to be effective. Furthermore, the cardioprotective effects of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors, which are used to treat lipid disorders, have also been attracting attention. This review will summarize the mechanisms, diagnostic methods, and treatment/preventive methods of cardiotoxicity associated with antihuman epidermal growth factor receptor 2 therapies, including trastuzumab.</p>","PeriodicalId":8955,"journal":{"name":"Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin","volume":"48 9","pages":"1287-1294"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144941537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sex Differences in Genital Area Hyperpigmentation Induced by 5-Fluorouracil Administration in Mice.","authors":"Masashi Imai, Keiichi Hiramoto, Kazuya Ooi","doi":"10.1248/bpb.b25-00340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b25-00340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pigmentation is one of the most prominent side effects caused by anticancer drugs, especially in female patients, as these changes in appearance can decrease QOL. A typical drug causing such pigmentation is 5-fluorouracil (5-FU); we have previously shown that 5-FU-induced pigmentation is associated with increased adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. In male Hos:HRM-2 mice, 5-FU administration resulted in pigmentation appearing in the genital area, accompanied by elevations in neutrophils, ACTH, and ROS. By contrast, female mice showed increases in neutrophils and noradrenaline, but not in ACTH or ROS levels; furthermore, they did not develop pigmentation. In addition, estradiol levels were markedly decreased in female mice, which may have enhanced neutrophil apoptosis and suppressed ROS production. In addition, noradrenaline reflects the stress response and may contribute to the decrease in estradiol, suggesting the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and sex hormones may interact in the formation of sex differences. These results suggest that sex differences exist in the development of 5-FU-induced hyperpigmentation and that fluctuations in estradiol and associated changes in neutrophils, ROS, and ACTH may underlie this phenomenon.</p>","PeriodicalId":8955,"journal":{"name":"Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin","volume":"48 8","pages":"1260-1264"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144941570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Kaempferol Inhibits Ferroptosis in Lung Epithelial Cells in LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury via m5C Methylation of TFRC.","authors":"Yuan Zhang, Weihua Wu, Peng An, Zhenfei Yu","doi":"10.1248/bpb.b25-00114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b25-00114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ferroptosis is involved in the progression of sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Kaempferol is a flavonoid compound that can protect against ALI. 5-Methylcytosine (m5C) is involved in the pathogenesis of sepsis. This study aimed to investigate the impact of kaempferol on ferroptosis and the underlying mechanism, focusing on m5C methylation. MLE-12 cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce cell injury, and treated with kaempferol to assess ferroptosis by detecting ferrous, glutathione, malonaldehyde, and lipid-reactive oxygen species levels using commercial kits. m5C methylation was assessed using dot blot, RNA immunoprecipitation, dual-luciferase reporter analysis, and RNA stability assay. The results showed that kaempferol inhibited ferroptosis in LPS-induced cells and NOP2/Sun RNA methyltransferase family member 7 (NSUN7)-mediated m5C modification levels. Overexpression of NSUN7 reversed the inhibition of ferroptosis caused by kaempferol. Moreover, NSUN7 knockdown reduced transferrin receptor (TFRC) stability by suppressing its m5C methylation, and TFRC overexpression promoted ferroptosis in cells with NSUN7 downregulation. In conclusion, kaempferol inhibits ferroptosis in lung epithelial cells by suppressing NSUN7-mediated m5C methylation of TFRC. These findings suggest that kaempferol and targeting m5C methylation may be used for the treatment of sepsis-induced ALI.</p>","PeriodicalId":8955,"journal":{"name":"Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin","volume":"48 9","pages":"1343-1350"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145032757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Takumi Tanaka, Aika Tanaka, Shinji Kobuchi, Yukako Ito, Toshiyuki Sakaeda
{"title":"Association of Plasma Creatinine with Systemic Exposure to S-1 and Oxaliplatin in Two Types of Chronic Kidney Disease Animal Models.","authors":"Takumi Tanaka, Aika Tanaka, Shinji Kobuchi, Yukako Ito, Toshiyuki Sakaeda","doi":"10.1248/bpb.b25-00361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b25-00361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious chemotherapy-associated clinical condition. CKD complicates the pharmacokinetics of anticancer drugs, requiring personalized dosing strategies to minimize toxicity. S-1 and oxaliplatin (the SOX regimen) are widely used for gastrointestinal cancer treatment. However, the specific association between systemic drug exposure and renal biomarker levels in CKD remains unclear. This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics of S-1 and oxaliplatin in 2 CKD model rats (5/6 nephrectomy and adenine-induced) and examined their relationships with renal biomarkers. S-1 (2 mg/kg as tegafur) and oxaliplatin (5 mg/kg) were administered separately, and plasma levels of tegafur, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), 5-chloro-2,4-dihydropyridine, oxaliplatin, and platinum were measured by LC-tandem MS. Systemic exposure to S-1 and oxaliplatin was higher in the CKD model rats than in the normal group, with 5-FU levels being particularly higher in the adenine-induced model than in the 5/6 nephrectomy model. The area under the curve values of 5-FU and platinum were strongly correlated with plasma creatinine (P<sub>Cr</sub>) levels (r = 0.79 and 0.88, respectively). Population pharmacokinetic analysis identified P<sub>Cr</sub> as a significant covariate of 5-FU clearance. A nomogram constructed using P<sub>Cr</sub>-based simulations demonstrated the feasibility of individualized S-1 dosing. Overall, our findings suggest that P<sub>Cr</sub> is a practical biomarker to guide S-1 dose optimization and highlight the importance of pharmacokinetics-based strategies for patients with cancer and CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":8955,"journal":{"name":"Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin","volume":"48 10","pages":"1493-1502"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145285568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In Vitro Anti-inflammatory Activity of Tyrosol and Tryptophol: Metabolites of Yeast via the Ehrlich Pathway.","authors":"Toshio Niwa, Yoji Kato, Toshihiko Osawa","doi":"10.1248/bpb.b24-00625","DOIUrl":"10.1248/bpb.b24-00625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soy isoflavonoids were applied to commercially available baker's yeast in vitro to find metabolites. Tyrosol, an ingredient in olive oil and wine, and tryptophol were found in the culture media. To test whether tyrosol is a metabolite of soy isoflavonoids, we prepared 2,4-dideuterated equol and applied it to yeast. According to LC-MS analysis of the culture media, deuterated tyrosol was not produced. Therefore, tyrosol is assumed to be a tyrosine metabolite of yeast known as the Ehrlich pathway. We then evaluated the in vitro activities of the 2 amino acid-derived alcohols. Both tyrosol and tryptophol similarly showed anti-inflammatory activity, as evaluated by monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in 3T3-L1 murine adipocytes in vitro. Our results suggested that the amino acid-derived alcohols may contribute to the anti-inflammatory activity of fermented foods.</p>","PeriodicalId":8955,"journal":{"name":"Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin","volume":"48 2","pages":"115-118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143405549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Tumor Microenvironment Remodeled by Epstein-Barr Virus: From Primary Site to Distant Metastatic Niche.","authors":"Qiuyun Li, Yuping Liu, Yong Chen, Yujuan Huang, Yayan Deng, Qianqing Fan, Lihong Huang, Xue Liu, Jiaxiang Ye, Yongqiang Li, Jiazhang Wei, Jinyan Zhang","doi":"10.1248/bpb.b24-00872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b24-00872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is one of the most pervasive viruses worldwide, and EBV infection is inextricably linked to a multitude of lymphoid and epithelial neoplasms. EBV is responsible for the advancement of malignant disease by modifying the tumor microenvironment (TME), which is a sophisticated and evolving system that facilitates tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. EBV infection has a profound impact on the cellular and noncellular components that constitute the TME. Our review presents a summary of the composition of the EBV-remodeled TME, with a particular focus on EBV-induced functional phenotypes in non-tumor cells. Furthermore, we discuss the potential for reversing EBV-driven TME remodeling as a therapeutic strategy for treating the malignancies associated with EBV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":8955,"journal":{"name":"Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin","volume":"48 5","pages":"495-506"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}