ECHO最新文献

{"title":"Archive(s)","authors":"R. Hardie, A. Lees","doi":"10.5334/ai.1321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/ai.1321","url":null,"abstract":"Thomas Buzzard (1831–1919) never attended medical school but was one of the last doctors to enter medicine through apprenticeship to a general practitioner. Appointed to the staff of the National Hospital for the Paralyzed and Epileptic in 1867, at the suggestion of Hughlings Jackson, Buzzard was one of that small group of physicians who helped ‘Queen Square’ acquire its international reputation (Fig. 1). He doubled-up as a medical journalist; dealt with the Soho (London) outbreak of cholera in 1854; and served with the Turkish army in the Crimean War. He resigned his hospital appointment in 1906. Sir Gordon Holmes did not consider that Thomas Buzzard contributed much to the advance of neurology but acknowledged that he was a sound and practical physician who taught well. Buzzard wrote on The simulation of hysteria by organic disease (1891), delivered the Harveian Lectures for 1885 on Some forms of paralysis from peripheral neuritis (1886) and published on Clinical aspects of syphilitic nervous affections (1874). In 1882, Buzzard published a series of 25 lectures, mostly delivered at the National Hospital, as Clinical lectures on disease of the nervous system. The one on paralysis agitans is also the first article in Brain on Parkinson’s disease (printed without mutual attribution having a few sentences omitted or inserted but otherwise unchanged). So graphic and admirable is James Parkinson’s original description that little remains for subsequent observers to add: ‘involuntary tremulous motion, with lessened muscular power, in parts not in action and even when supported; with a propensity to bend the trunk forwards and to pass from a walking to a running pace; the sense and intellect being injured’. Sylvius de la Boë had previously distinguished tremors contaminating voluntary movement from those occurring at rest; and—as ‘tremor coactus’—Sauvages (1763) gave a prophetic account of the tremulous parts that leap even when supported in contrast to all other tremors that subside when voluntary exertion ceases. The points are well made by observing Mrs G who sits with the chin resting on her chest, the lower lip and associated muscles shaking, and her mouth drooling saliva. Her arms, at rest, are in a state of constant tremor at a rate of 160–170/min. With attention, the amplitude but not the frequency of the movement increases. She walks with short ‘toddling’ steps, the head carried low, the body stooped forward. Her face has no expression. Pulled by the dress when standing still, Mrs G falls backwards. Reaching for a cup, the tremor stops. Not weak, she is feeble through inability to use the hands; sensibility is normal; her bowels are costive and the bladder unstable. Although tremor persists throughout voluntary movement in some patients, its persistence when the muscles are abandoned differentiates paralysis agitans from diseminated sclerosis. Thus, the artist with paralysis agitans can paint; with intention tremor, he cannot. That said, Dr Bu","PeriodicalId":89548,"journal":{"name":"ECHO","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84053105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ACQUISITION OF INFORMATION AND THE UTILIZATION OF HEARING HEALTH CARE SERVICES AND RELATED HEARING AID TECHNOLOGIES BY PARENTS OF DEAF AND SEVERELY HARD OF HEARING CHILDREN.","authors":"Ronald Jones","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A survey was distributed nationwide to parents of deaf and hard of hearing children to inquire about their knowledge, acquisition and use of hearing rehabilitation services and related hearing aid care technologies. Two hundred and fifty-seven surveys were returned. The data revealed that parents with moderate to high incomes, regardless of their race or ethnicity, tend to have broader knowledge of the nature of hearing rehabilitation services, and acquire such services and hearing technologies at a rate greater than that of parents with lower incomes. The unavailability of hearing health care services in minority communities and high costs associated with hearing aids and cochlear implants were reported as the major reasons why disparities exist, particularly, among minorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":89548,"journal":{"name":"ECHO","volume":"4 1","pages":"6-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3275890/pdf/nihms135299.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30453588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}