Blood Purification最新文献

{"title":"Application of Predilution Plasma Exchange, a new plasmapheresis method for self-anticoagulation, in liver failure.","authors":"Lanxin Liu, Feng Wu, Dapeng Ma, Yanxia Li, Sibo Liu, Hong Zhu, Shan Liu, Guozhi Wu, Liang Zhao, Rongli Yang","doi":"10.1159/000548073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000548073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>For patients with severe liver failure, citrate accumulation is prone to occur, which increases the risk of death in critically ill patients. To reduce this risk, we created a self-anticoagulation protocol, predilution plasma exchange ( pre-PE ), in which exogenous plasma is replenished into the circuit before the plasma separator. This new method uses citrate in exogenous plasma as an anticoagulant to avoid the use of additional citrate, which would reduce the occurrence of citrate accumulation during PE. We performed pre-PE in patients with liver failure to verify its effect and safety.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Severe liver failure patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were prospectively enrolled in our study from ICUs of two hospitals. Because patients with liver failure often need multiple PE treatments, we did not group the patients but divided the PE treatments into two groups, the pre-PE group and the postdilution PE ( post-PE ) group, by random table method. Neither citrate (4%) nor any other anticoagulant was used in pre-PE group. 4% citrate anticoagulant was used in post-PE group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>13 patients were included in this experiment, and 46 cases were treated with plasma exchange. Among them, 22 cases were treated with pre-PE , and 24 cases were treated with post-PE. This study showed that the clearance of bilirubin each session in the predilution PE group was 17.23% lower than that in the postdilution PE group ( 567.79± 155.16 µmol vs. 685.99± 181.03 µmol ) . At the end of the PE, the incidence of citrate accumulation ( Catot/Caion>2.5 ) in the predilution PE group was significantly lower than that in the postdilution PE group ( 13.6% vs. 62.5%, p<0.001 ) .</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This new method of pre-PE has higher safety than traditional post-PE, although it decreases the solute clearance efficiency slightly. It is most suitable for patients with severe liver failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":8953,"journal":{"name":"Blood Purification","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144941469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basic Mechanisms of Hemoadsorption: Incumbency for Better Clinical Utility.","authors":"Thiago Reis, Vedran Premužić, Koody Kitawara, Irene L Noronha, Claudio Ronco","doi":"10.1159/000548120","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The term adsorption is defined as the process in which molecules accumulate in the interfacial surface layer of a solid. The solid material is the sorbent, and the substance in the adsorbed state is called adsorbate. The basic principles and mechanisms involved in hemoadsorption include flow dynamics, chemical characteristics of synthetic materials, adsorption isotherms, mass transfer zone, and the Vroman effect. The development of devices and materials for hemoadsorption started in the 1970s, where activated charcoal coated in a plastic case was used as a sorbent for patients with drug overdose. Further developments of adsorbent materials led to the creation of several cartridges, which are now available for clinical use and are deployed for a myriad of purposes. Indications for hemoadsorption include sepsis, intoxication, drug overdose, acute kidney injury, rhabdomyolysis, cytokine release syndromes, acute liver failure, antibody-mediated autoimmune diseases, and uremia.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Herein, we aimed to describe the mechanisms involved in the adsorptive process and explore the singular properties of the commercially available devices for hemoadsorption.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>The devices deployed to adsorption are cartridges or filters. In cartridges, blood or plasma interacts with polymers in the form of beads, powder, flakes, granules, or a mesh of fibers. In filters, blood is exposed to a synthetic membrane in the form of hollow fibers. In research, clinical practice, and education, it is essential to specify the device and the adsorbent material used for hemoadsorption, since their properties and targets may vary entirely. Nephrologists and intensivists should be familiarized with the mechanisms and principles of hemoadsorption as these treatments are now being routinely applied.</p>","PeriodicalId":8953,"journal":{"name":"Blood Purification","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144941550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Research Trends and Collaborative Networks in Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for Dialysis Patients: A Bibliometric Analysis from 1990 to 2024.","authors":"Shuai Liu, Jinye Song, Xuezhong Gong","doi":"10.1159/000547710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000547710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a global public health issue. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a non-invasive and cost-effective method used for nearly three decades to assess the nutritional and volume status of dialysis patients. Despite its clinical utility, the quality of research and emerging trends in this field are not well understood. To address this gap, we conducted a bibliometric and visualization analysis from 1990 to 2024.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search in the Web of Science Core Collection on December 31, 2024, yielded 460 citations of reviews, articles, and publications in English. These were visualized and analyzed using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R-bibliometric techniques to identify trends related to authors, journals, countries, institutions, collaborative networks, keywords, and other relevant factors in BIA research in renal dialysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study revealed the USA was the most productive country, followed by China. In terms of average citations per article, the USA led, followed by Italy and UK. Additionally,the USA, Brazil, and the UK exhibited high multiple country publications ratios, reflecting strong participation in international collaborations. The top three keywords are \"hemodialysis\", \"body composition\", and \"peritoneal dialysis\".</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The USA, China, and UK emerged as the leading contributors in terms of publication output. Furthermore, the USA, Brazil, and the UK are highly active in international collaboration. Future research should aim to integrate long-term BIA data with patient-specific clinical factors to optimize dialysis treatment strategies and reduce complications. The field has made progress but needs improvement, especially in international collaborations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8953,"journal":{"name":"Blood Purification","volume":" ","pages":"1-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144941528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival Differences in Patients with High-Flux Hemodialysis versus Expanded Hemodialysis: A Cohort Study.","authors":"Juan C Castillo, Jasmin Vesga, Angela Rivera, Peter Rutherford, Ricardo Sanchez, Henry Oliveros, Bengt Lindholm, Mauricio Sanabria","doi":"10.1159/000548158","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Survival is a core outcome of hemodialysis (HD) therapy. Expanded hemodialysis (HDx) enabled by Theranova dialyzer increases clearance of medium-sized molecules and was reported to improve various patient-reported outcomes compared to HD using high-flux membranes, but the impact on survival is unclear. Herein, we evaluated the risk of death for HDx versus high-flux HD over a 4-year follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a multicenter, retrospective cohort study in adult prevalent chronic HD at Renal Care Services - Colombia starting between September 1, 2017, and November 30, 2017, with follow-up for up to 4 years. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of all patients were summarized descriptively. The Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard model was employed to evaluate the sub-hazard ratio of factors associated with time to death from causes other than COVID-19; death attributable to COVID-19 was considered as a competing risk. Sensitivity analyses included Cox proportional hazards model, extended Cox regression, and Cox regression after adjusting for imbalances between cohorts using the inverse probability of treatment weighting method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We evaluated 1,092 patients, 559 in HDx cohort and 533 in high-flux HD cohort; the mean age 61 years; 42% had diabetes, and 19% had cardiovascular disease. HDx using the Theranova dialyzer had a protective effect with reduction of mortality risk when controlling for confounding variables, SHR = 0.79 [95% CI: 0.62-0.98, p = 0.035]. Sensitivity analyses also showed a statistically significant beneficial effect of HDx versus high-flux HD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HDx enabled by Theranova dialyzer was associated with an approximately 21% reduction in mortality risk compared to treatment with high-flux HD in patients followed for up to 4 years. It would be desirable for these very promising results to be corroborated by a randomized controlled trial, with sufficient follow-up time to investigate the effect described in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":8953,"journal":{"name":"Blood Purification","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144941516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Sodium Bicarbonate Prereduction in Regional Citrate Anticoagulation for Continuous Veno-Venous Hemofiltration.","authors":"Dingye Wu, Tao Zhou, Junfeng Heng, Fengming Liang, Qiuhui Wang, Hongyang Xu","doi":"10.1159/000548161","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate prereduction during continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) with regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients undergoing CVVH with RCA were randomly divided into a control group and a prereduction group, with the latter receiving reduced sodium bicarbonate concentration levels to achieve the desired level after 3 h of treatment. The investigation focused on variations in pH, bicarbonate ion levels, and the frequency of sodium bicarbonate dosage adjustments at different intervals during CVVH.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 41 participants (20 in the control group, 21 in the prereduction group) treated from July 2023 to February 2024 had no statistically significant differences in demographic or clinical characteristics. The prereduction group demonstrated significantly lower bicarbonate ion levels in the 4th hour (23.62 ± 2.66 mmol/L) compared with the control group (26.57 ± 2.17 mmol/L, p < 0.05) and required fewer bicarbonate adjustments (0 [0,1] times vs. 2 [1,3] times in the control group, p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sodium bicarbonate prereduction during CVVH using RCA minimises bicarbonate ion fluctuations and reduces the need for dosage adjustments.</p>","PeriodicalId":8953,"journal":{"name":"Blood Purification","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144941507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effects of Beta2-Microglobulin Adsorption on Dialysis-Related Amyloidosis Using a Clinical Claims Database.","authors":"Chikao Onogi, Akihito Tanaka, Kazuhiro Furuhashi, Shoichi Maruyama","doi":"10.1159/000547964","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA) is a refractory complication of long-term dialysis caused by β2-microglobulin (β2MG) deposition. While β2MG adsorption columns remove β2MG, their impact on preventing re-surgery remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This a noninterventional, population-based cohort study used a large-scale medical claims database. This study included patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD) and diagnosed with DRA. The exposure group received β2MG adsorption column therapy, while the control group was divided into online hemodiafiltration (OHDF) and HD subgroups. The primary endpoint was carpal tunnel or trigger finger release.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 3,946 eligible patients, 212 patients in the β2MG adsorption column group, 139 in the OHDF group, and 237 in the HD group were included; the primary endpoint occurred in 28 (13.2%), 21 (15.1%), and 37 (15.6%) patients, respectively. Although there was a trend toward a lower incidence in the β2MG adsorption column group, no significant difference was observed (p = 0.43). The adjusted hazard ratio for the β2MG adsorption column group (HD group as reference) tended to be low (0.68, 95% CI: 0.41-1.13), but this difference was not significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although there was no statistically significant difference, the findings suggest that the β2MG adsorption column may help slow DRA progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":8953,"journal":{"name":"Blood Purification","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144941521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Knowledge on the Impact of Extracorporeal Blood Purification Devices on Drug Clearance - Systematic Search &amp; Narrative Review.","authors":"Rajib Paul, Abdul Samad Ansari, David Ballesteros, Teresa Klaus, Patrick M Honoré","doi":"10.1159/000547477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000547477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introduction Extracorporeal blood purification (EBP) devices are increasingly used in critically ill patients to manage sepsis, hyperinflammatory states, and other life-threatening conditions. However, these devices may unintentionally remove therapeutic medications, potentially compromising efficacy. Understanding these interactions is essential to optimize therapy and ensure patient safety. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane, and manufacturer-specific databases was performed to identify literature on drug removal by current adsorptive EBP devices. Studies were screened for evidence of drug clearance, including both preclinical and clinical (in-vivo) data, using specific keywords related to drug removal and therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Results Out of 659 identified articles, 61 met the inclusion criteria. CytoSorb was the most extensively studied device, with 25 relevant publications-19 of which included in-vivo data. Data on drug removal were found for 43 substances with CytoSorb, 8 with Jafron, 12 with oXiris, 25 with Seraph, and 13 with PMX-HP. Antibiotics were the most commonly studied drug class, with vancomycin and meropenem being the most frequently investigated agents. While CytoSorb had the most comprehensive data, evidence for other devices was limited, especially regarding clinical studies. Conclusions Adsorptive EBP devices have the potential to unintentionally remove medications, which may compromise therapeutic effectiveness in critically ill patients if not properly accounted for. Among currently available devices, CytoSorb has the most comprehensive evidence base. However, additional clinical studies are required for all devices to confirm findings and establish dosing recommendations. The use of therapeutic drug monitoring, when available, is strongly advised to guide clinical decision-making.  .</p>","PeriodicalId":8953,"journal":{"name":"Blood Purification","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144941569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protocol for a Randomized, Open-Label, Multicenter, Parallel-Controlled Study Evaluating Modified Double Filtration Plasmapheresis for the Treatment of Septic Shock.","authors":"Lei Zhang, Guan Wang, Yanrui Chen, Xinyu Zhao, Jian Jiang, Yibing Weng","doi":"10.1159/000546431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Septic shock (SS) is defined as sepsis-induced hypotension persisting despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Modified double filtration plasmapheresis (M-DFPP) is a promising therapeutic approach designed to selectively remove small-to-medium molecular weight inflammatory mediators while preserving essential plasma proteins, potentially restoring immune balance and stabilizing hemodynamics in patients with SS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eligible patients diagnosed with SS will be enrolled in this randomized controlled trial. Inclusion criteria include completion of early goal-directed therapy resuscitation standards within 12 h following admission to the intensive care unit and norepinephrine administration exceeding 0.5 µg/min/kg. The intervention group will receive treatment using the M-DFPP multivariate model. The primary endpoint is all-cause mortality at 28 days. Secondary endpoints will assess the efficacy of M-DFPP in reducing inflammatory mediators, evaluate changes in vasoactive drug requirements on the third day post-enrollment, and quantify improvement in organ dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Validation through well-designed, large-scale randomized controlled trials is required to clarify the optimal patient selection criteria, treatment timing, frequency, and standardized protocols for M-DFPP. This is an experimental protocol of a randomized, open-label, multicenter, parallel-controlled trial aiming to evaluate whether M-DFPP can improve survival rates in patients with SS.</p>","PeriodicalId":8953,"journal":{"name":"Blood Purification","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144854397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISBP 2025 Kidney Health Congress Abstract.","authors":"Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh","doi":"10.1159/000547991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000547991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 39th International Society of Blood Purification (ISBP) Congress, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA August 20-22, 2025 www.ISBP-online.org Accepted Abstracts for publication in Blood Purification Release date to Karger's Blood Purification: 2025-07-27 Abstract Reviewers: Connie M Rhee, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA. Rasheed Balogun, University of Virgina Health, Charlottesville, VA. Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA.</p>","PeriodicalId":8953,"journal":{"name":"Blood Purification","volume":"54 Suppl 2","pages":"1-53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145032683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct Hemoperfusion with Polymethylmethacrylate for Hemodialysis Patients with Dialysis-Related Amyloidosis.","authors":"Shoko Yamazaki, Daisuke Miyauchi, Atsushi Hashimoto, Takahiro Tanaka, Mototsugu Tanaka, Hisaki Shimada, Yuji Ishii, Koji Matsuo, Akio Kasai, Yutaka Koda, Kokichi Saito, Junichi Hoshino, Shinichi Nishi, Suguru Yamamoto","doi":"10.1159/000546771","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA) is a serious complication in patients undergoing long-term dialysis that leads to conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome and destructive spondyloarthropathy. Improved removal of the precursor protein β₂-microglobulin (β₂-m) is considered an effective treatment strategy for DRA. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) membranes have the capacity to adsorb β₂-m in dialysis filters, suggesting that direct hemoperfusion with PMMA in addition to standard dialysis may enhance β₂-m removal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study included 10 patients undergoing hemodialysis, who were diagnosed with DRA. The participants were treated with dialysis filter alone during visit 1, both standard dialysis filter and PMMA cartridges (FT-75, volume 75 cm3) during visits 2-4, and FT-145 PMMA cartridges (volume 145 cm3) during visits 5-7. The removal rates and clearances of β₂-m were quantified. We also assessed the removal of α₁-microglobulin (α₁-m), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α), which may be associated with DRA symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PMMA cartridge had increased β₂-m removal rates compared to dialysis filter alone for treatment duration of 240 min. Similarly, the removal rates of α₁-m and MMP-3 were higher with PMMA cartridges than with dialysis filter alone. β₂-m, α₁-m, and MMP-3 clearance improved with the addition of PMMA cartridges, depending on the cartridge size. The removal rates of IL-6 and TNF-α were higher with PMMA cartridges than with dialysis filter alone at 30 min, but not at 240 min.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Direct hemoperfusion with PMMA is an effective method for removing β₂-m in hemodialysis patients with DRA. Beneficial effects were also observed for the removal of α₁-m and MMP-3. Further research is required to evaluate the long-term efficacy of this approach in managing DRA.</p>","PeriodicalId":8953,"journal":{"name":"Blood Purification","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}