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The Synthesis project. Research synthesis report最新文献

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Expanding the individual health insurance market. 扩大个人健康保险市场。
The Synthesis project. Research synthesis report Pub Date : 2004-06-01
Beth C Fuchs
{"title":"Expanding the individual health insurance market.","authors":"Beth C Fuchs","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Faced with rapidly escalating premiums, fewer offers of insurance and, in some cases, a collapsing individual market, states adopted reforms designed to make coverage more affordable and available in the non-group market. This synthesis looks at the evidence of the effectiveness of state reforms. Key findings include: Comprehensive underwriting reforms, including guaranteed issue, guaranteed renewal, and limits on pre-existing conditions, did make insurance more available. In states with guaranteed issue and community rating, average premiums for the entire pool rose, while premiums fell for higher-risk people. There was some impact from adverse selection but not as much as anticipated. Risk-spreading mechanisms, but many high-risk people still could not afford insurance, so the impact from their potential influx was muted. Overall, states with comprehensive reform saw a decrease in the proportion of people insured, as healthier people left the market. There is some limited evidence that more high-risk people were covered.</p>","PeriodicalId":89508,"journal":{"name":"The Synthesis project. Research synthesis report","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40126179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Public program crowd-out of private coverage. 公共项目排挤私人项目。
The Synthesis project. Research synthesis report Pub Date : 2004-06-01
Gestur Davidson, Lynn A Blewett, Kathleen Theide Call, Claudia H Williams
{"title":"Public program crowd-out of private coverage.","authors":"Gestur Davidson, Lynn A Blewett, Kathleen Theide Call, Claudia H Williams","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coverage expansions by Medicaid, SCHIP and other state programs significantly increased the number of people covered by public insurance. Crowd-out occurs when people drop private coverage for public coverage, when those enrolled in public insurance turn down private coverage when eligible, or when employers opt not to offer private insurance because of the existence of a public program. This synthesis examines the extent of crowd-out and whether it can be reduced. Key findings include: Estimates of crowd-out are imprecise and vary depending on the type of coverage expansion; the assumptions, methods and data used; and the time period covered. Crowd-out is more likely to occur in programs that enroll families, and among families with incomes greater than 200 percent FPL. Programs have used waiting periods and cost-sharing to limit crowd-out, but these techniques can be difficult and costly to implement, and may reduce program participation by the uninsured.</p>","PeriodicalId":89508,"journal":{"name":"The Synthesis project. Research synthesis report","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40127671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tax subsidies for private health insurance. 对私人健康保险的税收补贴。
The Synthesis project. Research synthesis report Pub Date : 2003-05-01
Claudia Williams, Len Burman, Cori Uccello, Laura Wheaton, Deborah Kobes, Surachai Khitatrakun, Sarah Goodell
{"title":"Tax subsidies for private health insurance.","authors":"Claudia Williams, Len Burman, Cori Uccello, Laura Wheaton, Deborah Kobes, Surachai Khitatrakun, Sarah Goodell","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The exclusion from income and payroll taxes for employer-paid health insurance premiums amounted to more than $240 billion in 2010. As policy-makers search for ways to pay for health care reform and contain health care costs, this exclusion is coming under scrutiny, despite the fact that employee-sponsored insurance (ESI) is an integral part of the health insurance system. This update of a 2003 synthesis looks at the tax subsidy for private health insurance. Key findings include: The current tax subsidy benefits higher-income workers the most. The tax exclusion is worth more to those in higher tax brackets, higher-income workers are three times more likely to work for firms who offer ESI than lower-income workers, and they are more likely to purchase ESI when offered because they can afford it. Families earning $10,000 to $20,000 annually spend more than 25 percent of their income on health insurance but the value of their tax subsidy is only $1,500. By contrast, earners over $200,000 spend less than 5 percent on health insurance but their benefit is worth $4,500. Workers who cannot afford ESI or are ineligible, including the self-employed and many part-time workers, do not receive this subsidy when they purchase private, non-group coverage.</p>","PeriodicalId":89508,"journal":{"name":"The Synthesis project. Research synthesis report","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40127956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Are health insurance premiums higher for small firms? 小公司的医疗保险费是否更高？
The Synthesis project. Research synthesis report Pub Date : 2002-09-01
Jason Lee
{"title":"Are health insurance premiums higher for small firms?","authors":"Jason Lee","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large and small firms pay similar health insurance premiums but this similarity is misleading. Small firms are less likely to offer insurance and when they do, provide less generous benefits than large firms. Premium data does not include the experience of small firms that do not offer coverage, perhaps because they faced higher premiums. This synthesis explores the reasons premiums for small firms are higher than large firms. Findings include: Instability causes higher insurance costs for small firms. Small firms have more employee turnover; they drop and add coverage more often; and are more likely to go out of business; this leads to higher administrative costs. Premiums for small firms are more variable because they are more likely to face medical underwriting. Small firms with high average wages are just as likely to offer a health plan as larger firms, but low-wage small firms are much less likely to provide coverage.</p>","PeriodicalId":89508,"journal":{"name":"The Synthesis project. Research synthesis report","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40126174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From coverage to care. 从覆盖范围到护理。
The Synthesis project. Research synthesis report Pub Date : 2002-09-01
Claudia H Williams
{"title":"From coverage to care.","authors":"Claudia H Williams","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An important determinant of access is whether people have a usual source of care. Health insurance coverage is one factor that makes people more likely to have a usual provider, but coverage alone does not guarantee access. This synthesis examines the relationship between health insurance and having a regular care provider. Results indicate people with health insurance are more likely to have a usual source of care; the newly insured, as well as people with unstable coverage are less likely to have a regular source of care; and about two-thirds of those without a usual source of care say the main reason they have no such source is because they rarely get sick. Among those who have a usual source of care, most see an office-based doctor as their primary provider. The uninsured and publicly-insured are more likely to use an institution and to face access barriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":89508,"journal":{"name":"The Synthesis project. Research synthesis report","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40127313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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