The open anthropology journal最新文献

{"title":"Gender, Creativity and Insanity: From an Anthropologist’s Notebook","authors":"Meenakshi Verma","doi":"10.17140/ANTPOJ-4-120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/ANTPOJ-4-120","url":null,"abstract":"This essay has emerged through my research engagements with life history as a research method in anthropology. It is based on the life events of a woman artist. The past few decades have brought an explosion of cultural criticisms and also explorations of women’s creative expressions across cultures. Some of the queries addressed are, how do external forces shape the creativity of female artists. Also, how do creative women respond to such forces? Creative women, then, have a unique relationship to their cultural contexts, as well as to the creative genre to which they respond. This essay also delves into myths related to insanity and women. It discusses creativity, as a mode of engagement with rigid social structures.","PeriodicalId":89502,"journal":{"name":"The open anthropology journal","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86949119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Urgency of Expanding Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) for Global HIV Reduction","authors":"D. Feldman","doi":"10.17140/ANTPOJ-3-E004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/ANTPOJ-3-E004","url":null,"abstract":"Editorial | Volume 3 | Number 1| e1 Copyright 2018 by Feldman DA. This is an open-access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which allows to copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and reproduce in any medium or format, even commercially, provided the original work is properly cited. cc G an estimated 76.1 million persons have become infected with HIV since the start of the epidemic, with 35 million having died from AIDS-related illnesses. In spite of 19.1 billion dollars spent annually in lowand middle-income countries, with most of those funds going toward the provision of antiretroviral medications, only 56.9 percent of all HIV-infected persons are receiving these medications. While the number of new HIV infections have been declining recently, 1.8 million people were newly infected in 2016.1","PeriodicalId":89502,"journal":{"name":"The open anthropology journal","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89525834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apathy, Ignorance or Natural Death? Present State of Museums in West Bengal, India and its Implication for Anthropological Study of Culture and Policy","authors":"S. Bandyopadhyay","doi":"10.17140/antpoj-3-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/antpoj-3-117","url":null,"abstract":"Bandyopadhyay S. Apathy, ignorance or natural death? Present state of museums in West Bengal, India and its implication for anthropological study of culture and policy. Anthropol Open J. 2018; 3(1): 18-31. doi: 10.17140/ANTPOJ-3-117 Apathy, Ignorance or Natural Death? Present State of Museums in West Bengal, India and its Implication for Anthropological Study of Culture and Policy Observational Study","PeriodicalId":89502,"journal":{"name":"The open anthropology journal","volume":"50 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72595387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Undernutrition and Overweight or Obesity Among the Bengali Muslim Population of West Bengal, India","authors":"P. Tigga, Sampriti Debnath, Mousumi Das, N. Mondal, J. Sen","doi":"10.17140/antpoj-3-115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/antpoj-3-115","url":null,"abstract":"Copyright 2018 by Sen J. This is an open-access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which allows to copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and reproduce in any medium or format, even commercially, provided the original work is properly cited. cc Background Poor nutritional conditions, as well as excess adiposity levels, are the major public health problems of developing countries like India. Objectives The aim of the present investigation were to assess the prevalence of undernutrition and overweight or obesity and their associations with certain socio-economic and demographic variables. Subjects and Methods The present community-based cross-sectional investigation was undertaken among 420 adult Bengali Muslim individuals (males: 182; females: 238) aged 18-59 years and residing in rural areas of Uttar Dinajpur district, West Bengal, India. Anthropometric measurements of height and weight were recorded using standard procedures and Body mass index (BMI= Weight/Height kg/m2) was calculated. Prevalence of undernutrition (BMI<18.50 kg/m2) and overweight or obesity (BMI≥25.00 kg/m2) were determined using World Health Organization (WHO) cut-offs. The statistical analyses of descriptive statistics, ANOVA, chi-square analysis and binary logistic regression (BLR) analysis was performed using SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL USA; version 17.0. Results The overall mean height (164.22 cm vs. 152.65 cm), weight (57.03 kg vs. 48.70 kg) and BMI (21.18 kg/m2 vs. 20.89 kg/m2) were observed to be significantly higher among men than women (p<0.05). The overall prevalence of undernutrition and overweight or obesity were observed to be 22.86% and 12.86%, respectively. The BLR analysis showed associations of lower age group (i.e., 20-29 years) (odds ratio: 1.65) (p<0.05) and occupation (odds ratio: 5.61) (p<0.01) with undernutrition. Overweight or obesity was also observed to be statistically significantly associated with smaller family size (odds ratio: 2.09) (p<0.05). Conclusion The present investigation indicates the simultaneous existence of double burden of malnutrition (i.e., both underand overnutrition) among the Bengali Muslim adults of West Bengal, India. Appropriate intervention programmes are necessary to improve the overall nutritional situation.","PeriodicalId":89502,"journal":{"name":"The open anthropology journal","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86915111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Neck Circumference as a Measure of Obesity in South-Eastern Nigerian Population","authors":"U. Ukoha, E. Jervas, Ukoha Chinwe Clarice, Obazie Ezuchwu, Okeke Chijioke Mmadueke, Miracle Oluebube Ebem","doi":"10.17140/ANTPOJ-3-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/ANTPOJ-3-116","url":null,"abstract":"Copyright 2018 by Jervas E. This is an open-access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which allows to copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and reproduce in any medium or format, even commercially, provided the original work is properly cited. cc Introduction Obesity is one of the key risk factors in the development of cardiometabolic diseases, including coronary heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between neck circumference (NC) with body mass index (BMI) and also with other anthropometric parameter in the assessment of obesity in the study population. Materials and Methods This study was conducted in the major towns (Nnewi, Onitsha, and Awka) of Anambra state, Nigeria. The study population included a total number of 402 subjects (199 males and 203 females) of Igbo origin, within the age of 18-45-years. Anthropometric parameters were obtained using standard anthropometric methods. Results The result showed that the mean neck circumference in males was significantly higher than in females. Pearson’s correlation showed that NC had very significant positive correlation with body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio for both the males and the females (p≤0.05). The strongest correlation was found between NC and BMI, followed by waist circumference (WC). Conclusion NC is a potential, inexpensive, cost-effective, easily measured clinical screening tool for evaluating central (regional) obesity and therefore, will be of importance to Clinicians, and Epidemiologists in the diagnosis/treatment of obesity and in forensic investigation.","PeriodicalId":89502,"journal":{"name":"The open anthropology journal","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79660324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Concept of Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF): Revisited and Revised","authors":"B. Kuiti, K. Bose","doi":"10.17140/ANTPOJ-3-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/ANTPOJ-3-118","url":null,"abstract":"Copyright 2018 by Bose K. This is an open-access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which allows to copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and reproduce in any medium or format, even commercially, provided the original work is properly cited. cc Estimation of total undernutrition with summation of Gomez and Waterlow’s three class divisions in Svedberg formulated composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF) and Nandy’s revised CIAF have underestimated the prevalence of stunting with overweight children and only overweight children. The present report proposes a new scheme which would accurately estimate the prevalence of anthropometric failure (both under as well as overweight). This new classification will help in better estimating the dual burden of malnutrition among children.","PeriodicalId":89502,"journal":{"name":"The open anthropology journal","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79746662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mexican Trans-Migrants and Their Experience on Both Sides of the Border: Intimacy and Distance Through Use of Deictic Referents","authors":"K. Bletzer","doi":"10.2174/1874912701306010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874912701306010001","url":null,"abstract":"Immigration produces change, not only in sending areas and receiving areas, but most importantly, within the individual lives of men and women who migrate. For those who perform farm labor, these transformations are affected by travel and employment in agricultural work in multiple areas over time. The anchor for identity represents the life of one's past, wherever one might wish to place an emphasis in self-narrative. For the cases presented in this article, the past re- flects time spent on both sides of the border between Mexico and the United States. Each side of the border becomes a place of \"distant space\" as well as \"intimate space,\" dependent on one's life experiences. At times, memories are still in the process of formation among those who are recent arrivals. For others with bi-national continuity, the intimate spaces of childhood become extensions into adulthood, and for some, the memories of one side might be erased all together and intimate spaces are those experienced in the new environment. When immigrants gain the experience of bi-locality within the new environment, the bi-focal model of this side / that side becomes extended to express nostalgia and preference for places experienced as intimate space.","PeriodicalId":89502,"journal":{"name":"The open anthropology journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68094303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reviewing Non-Linear Micro-artefacts' Structure","authors":"Dimitris Kontogiorgos","doi":"10.2174/1874912701205010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874912701205010006","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews the implementation of a non-linear method, the spherical self- organising feature map that was able to recognise non-linear patterns in micro-artefacts, proposing the necessity for such recognitions in order to im- prove archaeological interpretations.","PeriodicalId":89502,"journal":{"name":"The open anthropology journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"6-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68094295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental and Genetical Differences in Linear and Adiposity DimensionsAmong Adolescents Boys","authors":"R. Sinha, S. Kapoor, N. K. Mungreiphy, A. Kapoor","doi":"10.2174/1874912701205010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874912701205010001","url":null,"abstract":"The present study comprises of cross sectional data on 414 Punjabi Khatri adolescent boys at a yearly interval from age 11 through 17 years. This group was compared with endogamous 140 Jat Sikhs, an agricultural land owning ru- ral community, for profile of fatness. The anthropometric measurements taken on adolescent boys include weight, stature and skinfold thickness at biceps, triceps, suprailiac and medial calf. A gradual increase of weight from 11 to 16 years and a marginal increase from 16 to 17 years among the Punjabi Khatri boys is noticed, the same being true for stature also. The Jat Sikh boys increase gradually with peak increase in stature at 13-14 years of age followed by peak increase in weight at 14-15 years. Adolescent Punjabi khatri adolescents have more BMI than Jat Sikhs. Among the Punjabi khatri adolescent boys there is a fluctuation in fat content when calculated from GMT with maximum fat content at 12 years and in subsequent years it declines though pattern is inconsistent. As for Jat Sikh boys, maximum GMT is at 14 years and then fat decreases during the period. Biceps remains the site of minimum fat in all the age groups in both Punjabi khatri and Jat Sikh adolescent boys. The pattern is same in all the age groups in Punjabi khatri boys affirming the phenomenon of redis- tribution of fat away from extremity towards the trunk. As far as Jat Sikh adolescent boys are concerned there is an inter- site shift at 17 years from suprailiac to medial calf deviating from the usual away from extremity towards the trunk. Suprailiac is the most sensitive site followed by medial calf in both adolescent Punjabi khatri and Jat Sikh boys.","PeriodicalId":89502,"journal":{"name":"The open anthropology journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68094283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical Analysis of Attitude and Behavior of Youths on the \"Other\" in Granada City (Andalusia, Spain)","authors":"J. A. Esquivel, F. Jiménez, F. J. Esquivel, J. A. Esquivel-Sánchez","doi":"10.2174/1874912701104010066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874912701104010066","url":null,"abstract":"The recent process of immigration, mainly since 2001, represents a serious integration problem for the society of Granada (Spain) due to the great increase of immigrants in the last years. The viewpoint of the young people in the city of Granada (from 14 to 25 years) is key with regard to future trends. These youths need to learn how to share and compete for the new economic niches inside the society of Granada, a situation aggravated by the economic crisis. This scenario presents increasing levels of racism and xenophobia at the moment. In this paper, using a statistical analysis of opinion polls, we examine the influence of the human diversity, i.e. migrants living in Granada, holding jobs and studying, etc. These analyses enable us to outline the way in which youths regard for- eigners, in order to understand and characterize how the phenomenon of the immigration will be perceived over the long term within the society Granada.","PeriodicalId":89502,"journal":{"name":"The open anthropology journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"66-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68094214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}