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Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology最新文献

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Social Cognition as a Constraint on Social Interaction 社会认知作为社会互动的约束
Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology Pub Date : 2004-11-01 DOI: 10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.3-4.1
I. Dunbar
{"title":"Social Cognition as a Constraint on Social Interaction","authors":"I. Dunbar","doi":"10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.3-4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.3-4.1","url":null,"abstract":"The social brain hypothesis offers an explanation for why primates should (a) have larger brains than other species and (b) differ so strikingly in terms of their cognitive abilities. In this chapter, I outline the social brain hypothesis and some of the evidence that has been adduced to support it, and then explore the extent to which possible cognitive constraints arising from brain volume might limit human social behaviour. I explore two particular aspects of human behaviour: the dynamics of conversation groups and social network size. Two conclusions are suggested by studies that we have undertaken. One is that there is a relationship between an individual's ability to cope with the extended layers of intentional tasks and the size of their social network. The other is that the hierarchical structure of our social networks, consisting of a series of expanding circles containing progressively more individuals, is a function of both the emotional intensity of relationships and the frequency of interaction.","PeriodicalId":89409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology","volume":"38 1","pages":"181-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84708935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
An Evolutionary Model of Managing Moods: Evidence for the Role of Homeostatic Cognitive Strategies in Affect Regulation 情绪管理的进化模型:内稳态认知策略在情绪调节中的作用证据
Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.3
J. Forgas, W. Hippel, S. Laham
{"title":"An Evolutionary Model of Managing Moods: Evidence for the Role of Homeostatic Cognitive Strategies in Affect Regulation","authors":"J. Forgas, W. Hippel, S. Laham","doi":"10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.3","url":null,"abstract":"What are the adaptive evolutionary mechanisms, and the specific cognitive strategies that allow people to manage and maintain their daily mood fluctuations within reasonable limits? Despite intense recent interest in affective phenomena, spontaneous changes over time in mood effects have rarely been studied. This paper outlines a homeostatic theory of spontaneous mood management. It is suggested that affect management is achieved through automatic shifts between different information processing strategies capable of accentuating (through affective priming) or attenuating (through controlled processing) a prevailing affective state. Three experiments are presented investigating temporal fluctuations in the positivity and negativity of social responses by people who received an initial positive or negative mood induction. Following different mood manipulations, participants performed three kinds of serial social tasks: they generated person descriptions (Exp. 1), completed trait words (Exp. 2) or produced a...","PeriodicalId":89409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology","volume":"556 1","pages":"43-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73534800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Self-enhancement and Self-protection Motivation: From the Laboratory to an Evolutionary Context 自我提升和自我保护动机:从实验室到进化背景
Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.4
C. Sedikides, John J. Skowronski, L. Gaertner
{"title":"Self-enhancement and Self-protection Motivation: From the Laboratory to an Evolutionary Context","authors":"C. Sedikides, John J. Skowronski, L. Gaertner","doi":"10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Existing data suggest that the self-enhancement and self-protection motivations (which elevate or protect the positive self-concept) exert a pivotal influence on self-evaluation and behavior. Moreover, these motivations are more potent than the self-assessment motivation (which works to increase the accuracy of the self-concept) or the self-verification motivation (which works to confirm the self-concept). The data also suggest that the self-enhancement and self-protection motivations serve crucial mental health functions and that these functions are apparent across different cultures. This article relates these findings to the possible evolutionary utility of these motivations. It is argued that self-enhancement and self-protection motivations were evolutionarily selected, because they offered personal, relational, and group-rank advantages to species members who possessed these traits.","PeriodicalId":89409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology","volume":"24 1","pages":"61-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74697169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 43
Positive Self-views: Understanding Universals and Variability Across Cultures 积极的自我观点:理解跨文化的普遍性和可变性
Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.8
J. Keller, H. Bless
{"title":"Positive Self-views: Understanding Universals and Variability Across Cultures","authors":"J. Keller, H. Bless","doi":"10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.8","url":null,"abstract":"The principle of natural selection, which emphasizes the role of reproductive fitness, is at the heart of every Darwinian evolutionary theory. It is based on the fundamental assumption that three principles guide the evolutionary process: phenotypic variation, differential fitness, and heritability. According to this general model, individual differences in phenotypic characteristics result in differences in reproductive fitness, and for evolution to occur, these differences must be heritable, that is, reliably passed on via shared genes. Thus, evolutionary theory entails the assumption of genetic predispositions based on genetically inherited adaptations. We propose that this belief in genetic predispositions reflects a distinct form of psychological essentialism, and that it is represented in the lay theories people apply to form mental representations of social groups and to explain and justify the social world that surrounds them. As a consequence, we propose that the belief in genetic predispositions...","PeriodicalId":89409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology","volume":"16 1","pages":"123-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82465971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 21
Regulatory Fit: An Experience that Creates Value 监管契合:创造价值的经验
Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.1
E. Higgins
{"title":"Regulatory Fit: An Experience that Creates Value","authors":"E. Higgins","doi":"10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Where does value come from? This paper presents a new answer to this classic question. When an individual's goal orientation is sustained by the manner in which the goal pursuit activity is carried out, the individual experiences regulatory fit, which makes the individual “feel right” about what they are doing (Higgins 2000). This is a different type of value experience than the pleasure and pain experiences associated with positive and negative outcomes. Research is described which tested two implications of the “feel right” fit experience being a distinct type of value experience: (a) that the regulatory fit experience contributes to evaluative experiences, such as increasing the intensity of feeling good or feeling bad about prospective choices, independent of the contribution of outcome experiences (i.e., pleasure from an anticipated positive outcome and pain from an anticipated negative outcome); and (b) that the “feel right” fit experience can transfer to a subsequent outcome evaluation, so that the...","PeriodicalId":89409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology","volume":"24 1","pages":"9-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89405578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Culture, Thought and the Unimodel 文化、思想和统一模式
Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.9
A. Kruglanski, M. Dechesne, W. Chun
{"title":"Culture, Thought and the Unimodel","authors":"A. Kruglanski, M. Dechesne, W. Chun","doi":"10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.9","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the question whether the human thought process is uniform or whether there exist qualitatively distinct thought processes differentially used by different cultures, or in different situations. Whereas early positions on both sides of this debate (in late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries) rested upon a questionable evidential basis, recent decades of research in social and cognitive psychologies have produced a plethora of controlled experimental findings seemingly supportive of the notion of multiple thinking modes. We consider this body of evidence and the general issues that underlie it in terms of a novel theoretical perspective referred to as the unimodel (Erb et al. 2003; Kruglanski, Erb et al. 2003). The unimodel reinterprets diverse differences in reasoning outcomes in terms of several thought parameters that have not been controlled for in former research. New evidence in a number of content domains supports the view that human reasoning can be characterized as uniform...","PeriodicalId":89409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology","volume":"188 1","pages":"143-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84819282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Self-enhancement and Self-protection Motivation: From the Laboratory to an Evolutionary Context 自我提升和自我保护动机:从实验室到进化背景
Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.5
G. Rhodes
{"title":"Self-enhancement and Self-protection Motivation: From the Laboratory to an Evolutionary Context","authors":"G. Rhodes","doi":"10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Facial attractiveness strongly affects person perception, with attractive individuals judged more favourably than, and preferred to, their less attractive peers. But what makes a face attractive and where do our preferences come from? Are they shaped by Madison Avenue and the media or have they evolved over millennia to enhance reproductive success? Good candidates for evolved preferences include preferences for average faces, symmetric faces, and faces with extreme sex typical traits. I will focus here on our preference for average faces. I will present evidence that average faces are attractive, and then consider how such a preference could have evolved. Preferences can evolve for traits that signal mate quality, and preferences can emerge as by-products of more general information-processing mechanisms. I will present evidence that both mechanisms contribute to the preference for average faces. Finally, I consider the role of experience in shaping our preference for average faces. This is an important ...","PeriodicalId":89409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology","volume":"42 1","pages":"81-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78747711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The Origin of First Impressions 第一印象的起源
Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.6
Leslie A. Zebrowitz
{"title":"The Origin of First Impressions","authors":"Leslie A. Zebrowitz","doi":"10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Four face overgeneralization hypotheses are offered to explain consensual first impressions of faces. These hypotheses hold that the psychological qualities that are accurately revealed by the func...","PeriodicalId":89409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology","volume":"70 5 PT.1 1","pages":"93-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77464211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 49
On the vicissitudes of cultural and evolutionary approaches to social cognition : the case of meta-cognitive myopia 论社会认知的文化和进化方法的变迁:以元认知近视为例
Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.2
K. Fiedler, M. Wänke
{"title":"On the vicissitudes of cultural and evolutionary approaches to social cognition : the case of meta-cognitive myopia","authors":"K. Fiedler, M. Wänke","doi":"10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.2","url":null,"abstract":"The basic tenet of the present article is that even though the scientific value of macro-biological (evolutionary or inter-cultural) approaches to social cognition may be questioned, evolutionary analyses may serve the creative function of a theory heuristic that can be used instrumentally to further theoretical explanations and to derive new testable implications. This point is illustrated with reference to meta-cognitive myopia, the challenging phenomenon that judgments and decisions are sensitive to the information given in a stimulus sample, but insensitive to the constraints and biases imposed on the genesis of that information. Both anecdotal and experimental evidence for meta-cognitive myopia points to serious shortcomings, but an evolutionary analysis nevertheless reveals that seemingly short-sighted reliance on the sample given may be quite an adaptive strategy. Indeed, some empirical evidence can be found to support some implications derived from the evolutionary interpretation of meta-cognitive...","PeriodicalId":89409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology","volume":"28 1","pages":"23-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86127803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Positive Self-views: Understanding Universals and Variability Across Cultures 积极的自我观点:理解跨文化的普遍性和可变性
Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.7
Steven J. Heine
{"title":"Positive Self-views: Understanding Universals and Variability Across Cultures","authors":"Steven J. Heine","doi":"10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/JCEP.2.2004.1-2.7","url":null,"abstract":"Human psychology varies importantly across cultures, however, considerations of this variation is often missing from evolutionary theories about the origins of psychological phenomena. To the extent that a psychological phenomenon is not universal, compelling evolutionary accounts need to be targeted at a level of analysis that is universal. An example of pronounced cultural variation in motivations for positive self-views is considered. Westerners tend to be more concerned about maintaining self-esteem, whereas East Asians tend to be more focused on maintaining face. Implications for understanding underlying motivations and evolutionary origins is discussed.","PeriodicalId":89409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cultural and evolutionary psychology","volume":"9 1","pages":"109-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78047069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 23
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