Biomaterials eJournal最新文献

{"title":"Data Analytics on Chronic Kidney Disease Data","authors":"J. Sarada, Neelam Venugopal Muthu Lakshmi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3200432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3200432","url":null,"abstract":"Data Analytics plays a vital role in making decisions in various fields since it provides useful information from large database with varying set of fields. This paper presents the procedure to know the occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) at early stage in advance. CKD is a type of kidney disease due to which kidney functionality decreased over a period of months or years. Data analytics is performed on Chronic Kidney Diseases dataset and the outcomes are analysed. R language is used to find the results and these generated rules are useful to predict the symptoms that lead to CKD.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76954444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coordination-Responsive Drug Release inside Gold Nanorod@MOF for NIR-Induced Synergistic Chemo-Photothermal Therapy","authors":"Yantao Li, Jun Jin, Dawei Wang, Jiawei Lv, Ke Hou, Yaling Liu, Chunying Chen, Z. Tang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3151999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3151999","url":null,"abstract":"Multifunctional core-shell nanostructures by integration of distinct components have received wide attention as a promising biological platform in recent years. In this work, the crystalline zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), a typical metal-organic framework (MOF), is coated onto single gold nanorod (AuNR) core for successful realization of synergistic photothermal and chemotherapy triggered by near-infrared (NIR) light. Impressively, the high doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) loading capacity followed by pH and NIR light dual stimuli-responsive DOX release can be easily implemented through formation and breakage of coordination bonds in the system. Moreover, under 808 nm NIR laser irradiation, these novel core-shell NP@MOF nanostructures exhibit effective chemo-photothermal synergistic therapy both in vitro and in vivo, confirmed by both cell treatment and tumor ablation via intravenous injection.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86345822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano-Diamond Hybrid Materials for Structural Biomedical Application","authors":"R. Aversa, R. Petrescu, A. Apicella, F. Petrescu","doi":"10.3844/AJBBSP.2017.34.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJBBSP.2017.34.41","url":null,"abstract":"The development of new diamond based bio-mechanically active hybrid nano-structured scaffolds for cartilage cells tissue engineering are proposed in this study. Innovative tissue engineering biomimetic materials based on hydrogel have shown attractive physical, biological and mechanical properties in several biomedical applications. A highly biocompatible novel hybrid material based on nanodiamonds and hydrophilic poly-(hydroxyl-ethyl-methacrylate) (pHEMA) is proposed. The aim of this paper is to describe the chemical and analytical procedures for the preparation of nanofilled hybrid composites possessing biomimetic, osteoconductive and osteoinductivity properties that can be useful in the design of bio-mechanically active innovative bone scaffolding systems for stem cell differentiation and growth. A more rigid and rubber transparent hybrid nano-composites are predicted to posses improved mechanical strength overwhelming one of the major weaknesses of hydrogels, which is due their poor mechanical characteristics, for applications in biomedical structural application.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72814039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective Concurrent Engineering with the Usage of Genetic Algorithms for Software Development","authors":"D. Sundar, Dr. K. Alagarsamy","doi":"10.5121/IJSEA.2012.3507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5121/IJSEA.2012.3507","url":null,"abstract":"Software specifications are useful to the organizations to enforce a consistent approach in designing, implementing and the maintenance of the software. There are numerous principles employed for the assurance of the quality of the software. Concurrent engineering with Genetic algorithms have been adopted for the software development. The results obtained are appreciable and detailed discussion is done.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90238075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogel Mechanics Influence Growth and Development of Embedded Brain Organoids","authors":"Camille S. Cassel de Camps, Saba Aslani, Nicholas Stylianesis, Harris Nami, Nguyen-Vi Mohamed, T. Durcan, C. Moraes","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3883355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3883355","url":null,"abstract":"Brain organoids are three-dimensional, tissue-engineered neural models derived from induced pluripotent stem cells that enable studies of neurodevelopmental and disease processes. Mechanical properties of the microenvironment are known to be critical parameters in tissue engineering, but the mechanical consequences of the encapsulating matrix on brain organoid growth and development remain undefined. Here, Matrigel^® was modified with an interpenetrating network (IPN) of alginate, to tune the mechanical properties of the encapsulating matrix. Brain organoid grown in IPNs were viable, with characteristic formation of neuroepithelial buds. However, organoid growth was significantly restricted in the stiffest matrix tested. Moreover, stiffer matrices skewed cell populations towards mature neuronal phenotypes; with fewer and smaller neural rosettes. These findings demonstrate that mechanics of the culture environment are important parameters in brain organoid development, and show that the self-organizing capacity and subsequent architecture of brain organoids can be modulated by forces arising from growth-induced compression of the surrounding matrix. This study therefore suggests that carefully designing the mechanical properties of organoid encapsulation materials is a potential strategy to direct organoid growth and maturation towards desired structures.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83769455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternative Co-Initiators for Photocurable Biomaterials: Polymerisation, Quantum Yield of Conversion and Cytotoxicity","authors":"A. Hamidi, M. Hadis, W. Palin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3878356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3878356","url":null,"abstract":"Cyclic acetals such as 1,3 benzodioxole (BZD), piperonyl alcohol (PA), and N-phenyl glycine (NPG) are naturally occurring compounds capable of acting as co-initiators during free-radical polymerisation, and potentially serve to offer non-allergic and biologically less toxic alternatives to conventional (tertiary) amines. The current study aimed to evaluate the use of cyclic acetals in concentrations of 0.5-6.0 mol % for photopolymerisation of an unfilled model dimethacrylate resin system, bisphenol-A-glycidyldimethacrylate (BisGMA), and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (tegDMA), 1:1 wt.%) using the photosensitiser camphorquinone (CQ; λmax = 469 nm) in concentrations of 0.5-1.5 mol %. Conventional tertiary amines, namely, ethyl-4-dimethyamino benzoate (EDMAB) (aromatic) and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) (aliphatic) were utilised for comparison purposes. Real-time degree of conversion (DC) was evaluated using Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy. To measure the effectiveness of these alternative compounds in facilitating CQ photon absorption, quantum yield of conversion of CQ per absorbed photon was calculated using UV-Vis spectroscopy. Cytotoxicity of NPG and cyclic acetals were assessed using MTT and Calcien AM to determine metabolic activity and cell viability, respectively. The result indicated that cyclic acetals were capable of facilitating free radical polymerisation as co-initiators at all three CQ concentrations (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mol %). Further, the use of NPG as a co-initiator resulted in post-irradiation DC values that were comparable to both EDMAB and DMAEMA across all three CQ concentrations. Based on the quantum yield of conversion of CQ, alternative compounds facilitated the hydrogen abstraction process, which provided high conversion of CQ molecules. UV-Vis absorption and quantum yield data revealed that NPG exhibited competitive effects in absorbing blue light photons, which might be attributed to the photolytic degradation of NPG and the formation of N-methylaniline. Indirect treatment of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) with eluted extracts of NPG, BZD and PA exhibited relatively lower cytotoxicity when compared with HDPCs groups treated with no eluted extracts. The relative cytotoxicity of DMAEMA was comparable to that of PA. However EDMAB, CQ and the neat model resin media extracts resulted in significant cytotoxicity, with highest relative reduction in the number of viable cells observed in groups treated with neat model resin extracts, suggesting that bisGMA and tegDMA monomers played significant role in the overall cytotoxicity of photocurable systems involving HDPCs.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89405556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subcutaneous Surgical Rat Models for the Evaluation of Tissue-Engineered Heart Valve Immunogenicity: A Systematic Review","authors":"Steve Waqanivavalagi, M. Ground, Consuelo Alarcon, P. Milsom, J. Cornish","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3935488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3935488","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tissue engineered heart valves are being designed as alternative valvular conduits to standard bioprostheses with the potential to meet the requirements of an ideal valvular prosthesis: non-thrombogenicity, non-immunogenicity, long-lasting, and capability of growth, repair, and remodelling upon implantation. Assessments of immunogenicity are required before in vivo testing in large animals may be undertaken. Rats are a cost-effective model that are widely used for such assessments. However, it is unclear whether the surgical rat models used for examining tissue immunogenicity are homogenous in their design. Methods: Systematic searches were conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for articles in which the immunogenicity of tissue engineered heart valves was examined using subcutaneous surgical rat models. Assessments were made of the animal, surgical, and donor scaffold characteristics used in such models. The heterogeneity of the various characteristics was then evaluated qualitatively. Results: In total, 54 articles were qualitatively assessed in this systematic review. The donor scaffold characteristics were homogenous. Whereas, the animal and surgical characteristics were heterogenous and infrequently reported. The collective data suggest that an agreed subcutaneous rat model might consist of implanting four, 1 cm2, tissue engineered heart valve samples in the dorsal aspect of 6-week-old, Sprague Dawley, rats. Conclusions: Rat subcutaneous implantation may be undertaken to assess the immunogenicity of tissue engineered heart valves before proceeding to in vivo studies in large animal models. There is significant heterogeneity in the characteristics of the subcutaneous rat models that have been used, to date. Most studies insufficiently report the techniques used. Funding Information: This work was supported by funding gratefully received from the Green Lane Research and Education Fund (Greenlane Research and Education Fund, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand), and the National Heart Foundation of New Zealand (National Heart Foundation of New Zealand, Ellerslie, Auckland, New Zealand). S.W. received a postgraduate scholarship from the National Heart Foundation of New Zealand, M.G. received and Green Lane Research and Education Fund Postgraduate Scholarship, and C.A. received a University of Auckland summer research scholarship. Declaration of Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to this work.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86207969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}