Biomaterials eJournal最新文献_第5页

Quantitative Investigation of the Process Parameters of Electrohydrodynamic Direct-Writing and Their Effects on Fiber Morphology and Cell Adhesion 电液动力直写工艺参数的定量研究及其对纤维形态和细胞粘附的影响

Biomaterials eJournal Pub Date : 2019-06-19 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3406396

Chen Jiang, Kan Wang, Xuzhou Jiang, Ben Wang

{"title":"Quantitative Investigation of the Process Parameters of Electrohydrodynamic Direct-Writing and Their Effects on Fiber Morphology and Cell Adhesion","authors":"Chen Jiang, Kan Wang, Xuzhou Jiang, Ben Wang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3406396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3406396","url":null,"abstract":"Electrohydrodynamic direct-writing (EHD-DW), a \"near-field\" electrospinning process, is considered as a promising technique to generate nanofibers in a non-contact, continuous, and controllable manner. However, the effect of process parameters on EHD-DW fibers' structures and the effect of fibers' structures on their properties have not yet been fully investigated. In this work, polycaprolactone (PCL) solution was used to fabricate EHD-DW fibers for investigating the process-structure-property correlations of EHD-DW. Three working modes of the electrospinning process and their corresponding regions in the process parameter space were studied. The surface roughness of EHD-DW fibers fabricated at different process parameters was measured. The impact of the surface roughness on the number and morphology of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) attached to the EHD-DW fibers was investigated. The results suggest that the surface roughness, which can be controlled by the process parameters of EHD-DW, can significantly affect the attachment of hMSCs. The cell density upon seeding can be largely improved by tuning the process parameters to achieve a favorable surface roughness. This work revealed the process-structure-property correlations of EHD-DW technology. Guidelines for controlling the morphology and cellular adhesion of EHD-DW fibers are provided based on the results of this study.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"161 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74090021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Matrix Stiffening Induce Endothelial Dysfunction Via the TRPV4/MicroRNA-6740/ET-1 Mechanotransduction Pathway 基质硬化通过TRPV4/MicroRNA-6740/ET-1机械转导途径诱导内皮功能障碍

Biomaterials eJournal Pub Date : 2019-05-14 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3387690

Xiang Song, Gan Chen, Zhenwei Sun, Pan Shang, Guo-xing You, Jingxiang Zhao, Sisi Liu, D. Han, Hong Zhou

{"title":"Matrix Stiffening Induce Endothelial Dysfunction Via the TRPV4/MicroRNA-6740/ET-1 Mechanotransduction Pathway","authors":"Xiang Song, Gan Chen, Zhenwei Sun, Pan Shang, Guo-xing You, Jingxiang Zhao, Sisi Liu, D. Han, Hong Zhou","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3387690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3387690","url":null,"abstract":"Vascular stiffening is associated with the prognosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Endothelial dysfunction, as shown by reduced vasodilation and increased vasoconstriction,not only affects vascular tone, but also accelerates progression of CVD. However, the precise effect of vascular stiffening on endothelial function and its mechanism are still unclear. In this study, we found that increasing substrate stiffness promoted endothelin-1 (ET-1) expression and inhibited endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Additionally, miR-6740-5p was identified as a stiffness-sensitive microRNA, which was down regulated by a stiff substrate, and subsequently resulted in increased ET-1 expression.Furthermore, we found that substrate stiffening reduced expression and activity of the calcium channel TRPV4, which subsequently enhanced ET-1 expression by inhibiting miR-6740-5p. Finally, analysis of clinical plasma samples showed that plasma miR-6740-5p levels inpatients with carotid atherosclerosis were significantly lower than those in healthy people.Taken together, our findings show a novel mechanically regulated TRPV4/miR-6740/ET-1signaling axis by which substrate stiffness affects endothelial function. Our findings suggest that vascular stiffening induces endothelial dysfunction, and thereby accelerates progression of CVD. Furthermore, this study indicated that endothelial dysfunction induced by improper biophysical cues of cardiovascular implants may be an important reason for occurrence of complications for cardiovascular implants.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83567978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aggregation-Induced Emission-Based Ionic Liquids for Bacterial Killing, Imaging, Cell Labelling and Bacterial Detection in Blood Cells 基于聚集诱导发射的离子液体用于血液细胞中的细菌杀灭、成像、细胞标记和细菌检测

Biomaterials eJournal Pub Date : 2019-04-08 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3368390

Jie Shi, Mengyao Wang, Zhe Sun, Yangyang Liu, Jiangna Guo, Hailei Mao, Feng Yan

{"title":"Aggregation-Induced Emission-Based Ionic Liquids for Bacterial Killing, Imaging, Cell Labelling and Bacterial Detection in Blood Cells","authors":"Jie Shi, Mengyao Wang, Zhe Sun, Yangyang Liu, Jiangna Guo, Hailei Mao, Feng Yan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3368390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3368390","url":null,"abstract":"A series of aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-based imidazolium-type ionic liquids (ILs) were designed and synthesized for bacterial killing and imaging, cell labeling, and bacterial detection in blood cells. The AIE-based ILs showed antibacterial activities against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The carbon chain length of substitution at the N3 position of the imidazolium cations highly affects the antibacterial properties of ILs. Owing to their AIE characteristics, the ILs could selectively capture fluorescence image of dead bacteria while killing the bacteria. The fluorescence intensity varied with the concentration of bacteria, indicating that AIE-based ILs has potential as an antibacterial material and an efficient probe for bacterial viability assay. In addition, the synthesized AIE-based ILs exhibit relatively low cytotoxicity and hemolysis rate and therefore potential for cell labeling, as well as bacterial detection in blood cells. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Bacteria are ubiquitous, especially the pathogenic bacteria, which pose a serious threat to human health. There is an urgent need for materials with efficient antibacterial properties and biocompatibility and without causing drug resistance. In this work, we synthesized a series of aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-doped imidazolium type ionic liquids (ILs) with multifunction potential of bacterial killing and imaging, cell labeling, and detection of bacteria from blood cells. The synthesized AIE-based ILs can image dead bacteria at the same time of killing these bacteria, which can avoid the fluorescent dyeing process. Simultaneously, the fluorescent imaging of dead bacteria can be distinguished by the naked eye, and the fluorescence intensity from the AIE-based ILs varied with the concentration of bacteria. In addition, the AIE-based ILs exhibit relatively low cytotoxicity and hemolysis rate and therefore potential for cell labeling as well as detection of bacteria from red blood cell suspension.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82457361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 31

Internet of Things Based Remote Wearable Health Solutions: Prospects and Area of Research 基于物联网的远程可穿戴健康解决方案:前景和研究领域

Biomaterials eJournal Pub Date : 2019-02-22 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3351034

Shweta Nanda, Kapil Khattar, Saket Nanda

{"title":"Internet of Things Based Remote Wearable Health Solutions: Prospects and Area of Research","authors":"Shweta Nanda, Kapil Khattar, Saket Nanda","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3351034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3351034","url":null,"abstract":"In India rising threat of non-communicable diseases, increasing old age population, deteriorating food habits, poor doctor-patient ratio and low public interest in preventive health instruments causes a foremost loss to economy and country. Internet of Things based remote wearable sensors and the integrated cloud platform enable the healthcare providers and patients to work proactively on an analysis of vitals captured remotely with the help of wearable medical devices. Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) refers to the worldwide network of interconnected medical devices and applications. On the clinical lateral, IoMT is being used to monitor a patient’s vitals (temperature, blood oxygen saturation, blood pressure, respiration, ECG/EEG/EMG, etc.) and raise timely alarms. It is also being used for continuous monitoring of vitals and remotely assisting physicians with intuitive dashboards. It is surprising that despite of major benefits of applications mentioned above, IoT based health Start-ups are not performing well. This paper aims to accumulate the present and nascent literature on medical wearable’s devices from Industry, IoT India Congress Report, ASSOCHAM Report, Innovation Industries Conclaves, IEEE and various global researches. This is an original paper and holds significance as less of literature is available on Remote Connected Care Medical Wearable Technology in published domain. It will provide a robust literature review for future researchers. ","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73356521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Photodynamic PEGylation Coated Prodrug-Nanoassemblies for Core-Shell Synergistic Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy 光动力聚乙二醇修饰的核-壳协同化学-光动力治疗前药纳米组件

Biomaterials eJournal Pub Date : 2019-02-22 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3339833

Bingjun Sun, Han Yu, Xuanbo Zhang, Hanqing Zhao, Qin Chen, Zhonggui He, C. Luo, J. Sun

{"title":"Photodynamic PEGylation Coated Prodrug-Nanoassemblies for Core-Shell Synergistic Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy","authors":"Bingjun Sun, Han Yu, Xuanbo Zhang, Hanqing Zhao, Qin Chen, Zhonggui He, C. Luo, J. Sun","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3339833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3339833","url":null,"abstract":"Combination of chemotherapy with photodynamic therapy (PDT) holds promising applications in cancer therapy. However, co-encapsulation of chemotherapeutic agents and photosensitizers (PS) into the conventional nanocarriers suffers from inefficient co-loading and aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect of PS trapped in dense carrier materials. Herein, we report a light-activatable photodynamic PEGylation-coated prodrug-nanoplatform for core-shell synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy. A novel photodynamic polymer is rationally designed and synthesized by conjugating pyropheophorbide a (PPa) to polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG2k). PPa is used as the hydrophobic and photodynamic moiety of the amphipathic PPa-PEG2k polymer. Then, a core-shell nanoassemblies is prepared, with an inner core of a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive oleate prodrug of paclitaxel (PTX) and an outer layer of PPa-PEG2k. PPa-PEG2k serves both for PEGylation modification and PDT. Instead of being trapped in the inner core, PPa in the outer PPa-PEG2k layer significantly alleviates the ACQ effect. Under laser irradiation, ROS generated by PPa-PEG2k is not only used for PDT, but also synergistically promotes PTX release in combination with the endogenous ROS overproduced in tumor cells. The photodynamic PEGylation coated nanoassemblies demonstrated synergistic antitumor activity in vivo. Such a unique nanoplatform, with an inner chemotherapeutic core and an outer photodynamic PEGylation shell, provides a new strategy for synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86539640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the Platelet Activation Related to the Degradation of Biomaterials by Scheme of Molecular Markers 应用分子标记技术评价血小板活化与生物材料降解的关系

Biomaterials eJournal Pub Date : 2019-02-15 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3335365

Sheng Ye, Hong Wang, Fenghua Zhao, T. Yuan, Jie Liang, Yujiang Fan, Xing‐dong Zhang

{"title":"Evaluating the Platelet Activation Related to the Degradation of Biomaterials by Scheme of Molecular Markers","authors":"Sheng Ye, Hong Wang, Fenghua Zhao, T. Yuan, Jie Liang, Yujiang Fan, Xing‐dong Zhang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3335365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3335365","url":null,"abstract":"The evaluation of platelet activation of medical devices using in cardiovascular system is very meaningful. Currently, it is mainly based on the ISO10993-4 international standard. However, the methods given in the standard are originally designed for non-degradable materials, the applicability, the operability, and the convenience to degradable materials of the methods needs to be carefully studied. In this study, the platelet activation by 3 typical degradable materials (collagen, polylactic acid and hydroxyapatite) were evaluated by three widely used molecular markers CD62P, CD63, CD40L and the three molecular markers PF4, β-TG and TXB2 mentioned in the ISO10993-4 standard. The variations of the six markers in a simulated degradation process of the degradable materials were compared. It was found that the degree of platelet activation changed with the degradation and was strongly relative with the surface physicochemical properties. For example, when the surface roughness and contact angle of the materials change, the degree of platelet activation also changes. These six platelet activation molecular markers can to be the promising key for the assessing of platelet function in degradable medical devices which is instructive for the quality control and the development of new degradable medical devices.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83215641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular Mechanism of Vitronectin Structural Evolution on Distinct Surface Chemistries: The Mediation for Cell Adhesion 玻璃体连接蛋白在不同表面化学上结构演化的分子机制:细胞粘附的中介作用

Biomaterials eJournal Pub Date : 2019-02-11 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3332619

Tianjie Li, Lijing Hao, Jiangyu Li, C. Du, Yingjun Wang

{"title":"Molecular Mechanism of Vitronectin Structural Evolution on Distinct Surface Chemistries: The Mediation for Cell Adhesion","authors":"Tianjie Li, Lijing Hao, Jiangyu Li, C. Du, Yingjun Wang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3332619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3332619","url":null,"abstract":"Surface chemistry of biomaterials plays a fundamental role in the adsorption of vitronectin (Vn), a crucial mediator for cell adhesion. However, the detailed structural information and dynamics mechanism of Vn adsorption to distinct surface chemistries relevant to its biological effect remains elusive. Herein, the conformation and orientation evolution during Vn adsorption to self-assembled monolayers terminating with -COOH, -NH2, -CH3 and -OH were investigated. To unravel the interplay between cell binding and surface charge and wettability, the N-terminal somatomedin-B domain housing the cell-binding motif of Vn was recruited in molecular dynamics simulations optimized with orientation initialization by Monte Carlo method. Experimental evidences including protein adsorption, cell adhesion and integrin gene expressions were thoroughly investigated. The adsorption of Vn on different surface chemistries showed very complex profiles. Cell adhesion was enabled on all the Vn-adsorbed surfaces but with distinct mechanisms relating to the adsorption quantity and orientation of Vn. The negatively charged surface (COOH) and the hydrophobic surface (CH3) adsorbed Vn with higher quantity and density. However, advantageous orientations with unrestrained and active cell-binding RGD loops were only obtained on the charged surfaces (COOH and NH2) instead of the non-charged (CH3 and OH). Specifically, the negatively charged surface stretched and stood up the Vn into a higher density, whereas the hydrophobic surface squashed the Vn into higher density multilayer by tracking adsorption but with the RGD loops restrained. These findings may have a broad implication on the understanding of Vn functionality as well as the designing of advanced biomaterials.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90470137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Near-Infrared-Light Induced Nanoparticles with Enhanced Tumor Tissue Penetration and Intelligent Drug Release 近红外光诱导纳米颗粒增强肿瘤组织穿透和智能药物释放

Biomaterials eJournal Pub Date : 2019-02-06 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3330023

Yapei Zhang, Yang Liu, Xuefeng Gao, Xiaoming Li, Xiaoyan Niu, Zhi Yuan, Wei Wang

{"title":"Near-Infrared-Light Induced Nanoparticles with Enhanced Tumor Tissue Penetration and Intelligent Drug Release","authors":"Yapei Zhang, Yang Liu, Xuefeng Gao, Xiaoming Li, Xiaoyan Niu, Zhi Yuan, Wei Wang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3330023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3330023","url":null,"abstract":"Tumor tissue presents much denser and stiffer extracellular matrix (ECM), which can hinder the penetration of most nanoparticles (NPs) and contribute to the tumor cell proliferation. Here, NIR-activated losartan was encapsulated in hollow mesoporous prussian blue nanoparticles (HMPBs) to degrade ECM. The results showed that losartan enhanced the penetration of DOX, 1.47% of the injected dose (ID) of DOX reached the tumor tissues, which was 3.00-fold higher than the control group (0.49%). In addition, as the existence of thermo-sensitive lauric acid, (Losartan + DOX)@HMPBs could achieve near \"zero drug leakage\" during blood circulation, so as to reduce the damage of DOX to normal tissues. Furthermore, the animal experiments proved tumor inhibition ability of (Losartan + DOX)@HMPBs in synergistic of photothermal/chemotherapy, with the tumor growth inhibition rate of 81.3%. Taken together, these findings can be a candidate for developing vectors with enhanced tumor penetration and therapeutic effect in future clinical application. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Due to the existence of denser extracellular matrices (ECM), only 0.7% of the administered nanoparticles dose is delivered to tumor, which will limit the tumors' therapeutic effect. Degradation of ECM can improve the penetration of nanoparticles in tumors. However, no researchers has encapsulated losartan in nanoparticles to degrade ECM. Herein, we developed a NIR induced losartan and DOX co-delivery system based on hollow mesoporous prussian blue nanoparticles (HMPBs) to degrade ECM and improve the penetration of nanoparticles in tumors. The prepared nanoparticles can also acheive near \"zero drug leakage\" during blood circulation and \"fixed-point drug release\" in tumor, so as to reduce the damage of DOX to normal tissues. We believe the prepared nanoparticles provide a new platform for cancer treatment.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82261913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

Integration of Polarized Spatial Frequency Domain Imaging (pSFDI) with a Biaxial Mechanical Testing System for Dynamic Quantification of Collagen Architecture in Soft Collagenous Tissues 偏振空间频域成像(pSFDI)与双轴力学测试系统的集成用于软胶原组织中胶原结构的动态量化

Biomaterials eJournal Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3425374

Samuel Jett, Luke T. Hudson, R. Baumwart, B. Bohnstedt, Arshid Mir, H. Burkhart, G. Holzapfel, Chung-Hao Lee, Yi Wu

{"title":"Integration of Polarized Spatial Frequency Domain Imaging (pSFDI) with a Biaxial Mechanical Testing System for Dynamic Quantification of Collagen Architecture in Soft Collagenous Tissues","authors":"Samuel Jett, Luke T. Hudson, R. Baumwart, B. Bohnstedt, Arshid Mir, H. Burkhart, G. Holzapfel, Chung-Hao Lee, Yi Wu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3425374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3425374","url":null,"abstract":"Collagen fiber networks provide the structural strength of tissues such as tendons, skin, and arteries. Quantifying the response of the fiber architecture to mechanical loads is essential towards a better understanding of the tissue-level mechanical behaviors, especially in assessing disease-driven functional changes. To enable novel investigations into these dynamic fiber structures, a polarized spatial frequency domain imaging (pSFDI) device was developed and, for the first time, integrated with a biaxial mechanical testing system. The integrated instrument is capable of a wide-field and dynamic quantification of the fiber orientation and degree of optical anisotropy (DOA), representing the local strength of fiber alignment. The performance of this integrated instrument was assessed through uniaxial testing on tendon tissues with known collagen fiber microstructures. Our results revealed that the fiber orientation of the tendon tissue changed indiscernibly, whereas the fibers became better aligned with the average DOA increasing from 0.126 to 0.215 under 0% and 3% uniaxial strains, respectively. The integrated instrument was further applied to study the mitral valve anterior leaflet (MVAL) tissue subjected to various biaxial loadings. The fiber orientations within the MVAL demonstrated a proclivity towards the tissue's circumferential direction under all loading protocols, while certain fiber groups re-oriented towards the tissue's radial direction under radially-dominant loading. Our results also showed that fibers were generally better aligned under equibiaxial (DOA=0.088) and circumferentially-dominant loading (DOA=0.084) than under the radially-dominant loading (DOA=0.074), indicating circumferential predisposition. These novel findings exemplify a deeper understanding of dynamic collagen fiber microstructures obtained through the integrated opto-mechanical instrument.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87205622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Comparative Study and Tribological Analysis of IC Engine Using Alternative Fuel 使用替代燃料内燃机的比较研究与摩擦学分析

Biomaterials eJournal Pub Date : 2018-12-13 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3331462

Pawan Kumar, P. Dutta, Bishop Debbarma

{"title":"A Comparative Study and Tribological Analysis of IC Engine Using Alternative Fuel","authors":"Pawan Kumar, P. Dutta, Bishop Debbarma","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3331462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3331462","url":null,"abstract":"The ever-growing demand for fossil fuel and its scarcity at the same time made researchers dig more on the development of alternative fuels. Alternative fuels can be ethanol, methanol, naphtha, oils derived from vegetables or from animal fats, etc. In this review paper, a comparative study is attempted to see the effect of alternative fuel derived from Karanja on performance, emissions and tribological study including ferrography test, wear analysis, lubricating oil analysis, atomic absorption spectroscopy, surface roughness, etc on CI engine by different authors with respect to standard diesel. The biofuels can be directly injected into the IC engine without any engine modification. Improvement in BTE and BSFC/BSEC with the use of Karanja with less emissions except for NOx. Improvement in the properties of the alternative fuel is done by the use of additives. The tribological analysis is done in the long run of engines. Less wear is observed with Karanja biodiesel but increased in the case of 20% blend. A table is formed showing comparative study on performance, emissions and wear analysis of CI engine run with alternative fuel derived from Karanja compared to standard diesel.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86314917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0