The open addiction journal最新文献_第2页

Alcohol Use in Patients After Liver Transplantation for Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis Detected by the Questionnaire (Regional Experience) 酒精性肝硬化肝移植术后患者酒精使用问卷调查(区域经验)

The open addiction journal Pub Date : 2012-04-27 DOI: 10.2174/1874941001205010036

P. Wohl, P. Wohl, P. Trunec̃ka, J. Sperl, E. Honsova, J. Spicak

{"title":"Alcohol Use in Patients After Liver Transplantation for Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis Detected by the Questionnaire (Regional Experience)","authors":"P. Wohl, P. Wohl, P. Trunec̃ka, J. Sperl, E. Honsova, J. Spicak","doi":"10.2174/1874941001205010036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874941001205010036","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Alcoholic liver cirrhosis is a common indication for liver transplantation. Recurrence of alcohol use was retrospectively analyzed after liver transplantation. Methods: From X/1995 to II/2002, 42 out of 246 patients underwent liver transplantation for alcoholic liver cirrhosis. We administered a questionnaire to all patients surviving at least 1 year post liver transplantation for alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Liver biopsy was performed annually. The results of the questionnaires of both alcohol use and sobriety group were compared with laboratory parameters, graft histopathology, socioeconomic status and survival rate. Results: Sixteen patients admitted alcohol consumption in the questionnaire. Serious graft damage was diagnosed in 4 recipients, 2 of them died due to graft failure, one for another reason, 12 returned to alcohol use. We have found more steatosis, presence of Mallory hyaline and no difference in fibrosis between alcohol use and sobriety group. The alcohol use and sobriety group differed in body mass index, triacylglycerols, medium corpuscular volume and activity of � - glutamyltransferase. Cumulative survival rate (1, 3, 5 years) was significantly lower in alcohol use group than in sobriety group. Conclusion: Patients after liver transplantation for alcoholic liver cirrhosis with alcohol use had lower survival rate as compared with sobriety group. Considering the differences in histopathology and laboratory parameters in patients with and without alcohol use after liver transplantation, administration of questionnaires seems to be a valid tool for recurrence of alcohol use detection.","PeriodicalId":89289,"journal":{"name":"The open addiction journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"36-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68097788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

What is Addictive in Internet 什么是网络成瘾

The open addiction journal Pub Date : 2012-03-29 DOI: 10.2174/1874941001205010014

G. Thorens, A. Wullschleger, R. Khan, S. Achab, D. Zullino

引用次数: 12

Cognitive-Behavioral Treatments for "Internet Addiction" “网瘾”的认知行为治疗

The open addiction journal Pub Date : 2012-03-29 DOI: 10.2174/1874941001205010030

Y. Khazaal, Constantina Xirossavidou, R. Khan, Y. Edel, Fadi Zébouni, D. Zullino

引用次数: 27

Editorial - Compulsive Internet Use: Is Addiction Medicine Concerned? 社论-强迫性网络使用:是否涉及成瘾医学?

The open addiction journal Pub Date : 2012-03-29 DOI: 10.2174/1874941001205010012

D. Zullino, Y. Khazaal

引用次数: 0

Problematic Use of the Internet and Self-Regulation: A Review of the Initial Studies 互联网的问题使用与自我监管:初步研究综述

The open addiction journal Pub Date : 2012-03-29 DOI: 10.2174/1874941001205010024

J. Billieux, M. Linden

引用次数: 85

Developing Pharmacotherapy for Cyberaddictions 开发针对网络成瘾的药物疗法

The open addiction journal Pub Date : 2012-03-29 DOI: 10.2174/1874941001205010020

S. Achab, Manuela Bertolini, L. Karila

{"title":"Developing Pharmacotherapy for Cyberaddictions","authors":"S. Achab, Manuela Bertolini, L. Karila","doi":"10.2174/1874941001205010020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874941001205010020","url":null,"abstract":"When developing a new pharmacotherapy for a given indication one has to differentiate between de novo developments and drug repurposing. The practice of drug repurposing can be based on 2 core concepts: (1) the Known compound-new target and (2) the Known target-new indication approach. Concerning cyberaddictions, the known target- new indication approach becomes the most promising in consideration of different hypotheses classifying cyberaddiction within other well defined psychiatric disorders, for which efficacious pharmacotherapies have been corroborated. Supposing similar or identical neurobiological underpinnings, a common pharmacological target can be formulated as working hypothesis. Research on new pharmacotherapies for cyberaddiction can thus be conceptualized along different axes which follow the various current theorizations concerning the diagnosis categorization of cyberaddictions. As Internet addiction shares features which are in common with substance use disorders or obsessive-compulsive disorders, treatments found to be efficacious in these disorders may be promising development candidates for cyberaddiction. Also, cyberaddiction has been conceptualized to represent the corollary of other psychiatric disorders. Thus, currently mainly three research tracks can be distinguished: (a) the addictions track (b) the OCD track, and (c) the comorbidity track.","PeriodicalId":89289,"journal":{"name":"The open addiction journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"20-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68097633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Drug Treatment Outcomes Research Study (DTORS): Research Design and Baseline Data 药物治疗结果研究(DTORS):研究设计和基线数据

The open addiction journal Pub Date : 2012-03-02 DOI: 10.2174/1874941001205010001

M. Donmall, Andrew Jones, S. Weston, L. Davies, K. Hayhurst, T. Millar

{"title":"The Drug Treatment Outcomes Research Study (DTORS): Research Design and Baseline Data","authors":"M. Donmall, Andrew Jones, S. Weston, L. Davies, K. Hayhurst, T. Millar","doi":"10.2174/1874941001205010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874941001205010001","url":null,"abstract":"The Drug Treatment Outcomes Research Study (DTORS) is the more recent of two such major English studies. Over the past decade, a substantial policy shift has emphasised the role of treatment in diverting drug misusing offenders from the criminal justice system. At the same time, changes in the drug-using population, particularly increasing levels of crack cocaine use, have led to an acute need to evaluate the extent to which drug treatment works. DTORS consists of three components: the main, quantitative element tracking the treatment progress of N=1,796 drug treatment seekers; qualitative work using data from a sample of treatment seekers and treatment providers; and a cost effectiveness analysis. This paper provides an overview of the methods used for the main quantitative element; a longitudinal, nationwide, multi- site, observational, cohort study using survey interviews to assess the impact of treatment on drug use, offending, and health. An overview of the DTORS baseline sample is provided and compared with the target population of drug treatment seekers in England. Participants were drug users seeking treatment from community based or residential treatment services, assessed at baseline and followed up over a 12-month period. The baseline DTORS sample was predominantly male (73%) and aged 25 to 34 (47%). Primary problem drugs included heroin (57%) and crack (12%) with drugs used in the month prior to baseline having a mean value of £1,213. 72% committed offences in the 12 months before recruitment, most commonly shoplifting or buying and selling stolen goods.","PeriodicalId":89289,"journal":{"name":"The open addiction journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68097572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

A Comparison of Social (Weekend) Smokers, Regular (Daily) Smokers and a Never-Smoked Group Upon Everyday Prospective Memory 社会(周末)吸烟者、常规(每日)吸烟者和从不吸烟者每日前瞻记忆的比较

The open addiction journal Pub Date : 2011-12-14 DOI: 10.2174/1874941001104010072

T. Heffernan, T. O’neill

引用次数: 2

Barriers to Treatment of Substance Abuse in a Rural Population of India 印度农村人口药物滥用治疗的障碍

The open addiction journal Pub Date : 2011-11-14 DOI: 10.2174/1874941001104010065

R. Barman, R. Mahi, Naveen Kumar, K. Sharma, B. S. Sidhu, Daljit Singh, Neeraj Mittal

{"title":"Barriers to Treatment of Substance Abuse in a Rural Population of India","authors":"R. Barman, R. Mahi, Naveen Kumar, K. Sharma, B. S. Sidhu, Daljit Singh, Neeraj Mittal","doi":"10.2174/1874941001104010065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874941001104010065","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In spite of having strong religious and cultural influences, substance abuse among adult population is very high in Punjab, a north Indian state of India in the border of Pakistan. A large majority of individuals with alcohol and substance dependence do not seek treatment. The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the barriers for which people in general population having alcohol and substance dependence do not seek treatment. There is paucity of data in India regarding barriers in treatment of substance abuse. Therefore, it was very tempting to evaluate these barriers. Method: Data was collected from the rural population of a randomly selected village by directly going to their home. Substance dependence was diagnosed by DSM-IVTR criteria in 412 persons and was assessed by Barriers to Treatment Inventory scale (BTI). Results: Among all the barriers ‘time conflict’ predominated in the study population by 51.2% followed by two other barriers ‘absence of problem’ (48.8%) and ‘fear to treatment’ (40.3%). Admission difficulty and poor treatment availability were relatively less prominent barriers. Female substance dependents had major problem with privacy (87.5%), fear to treatment (75%) and absence of problem (75%). Conclusion: This study shows that there are several barriers, certain beliefs, social influences and obligations in the population for which people can’t take treatment. Social stereotypes and fear to treatment due to poor health services add further vulnerability. Minimization of the barriers should be done by changes in education, screening, outreach, detection, and referral patterns in alcohol & substance abuse treatment delivery systems.","PeriodicalId":89289,"journal":{"name":"The open addiction journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"65-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68097525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Factors associated with medication adherence among psychiatric outpatients at substance abuse risk. 精神科门诊病人药物滥用风险与药物依从性相关的因素。

The open addiction journal Pub Date : 2011-11-11 DOI: 10.2174/1874941001104010058

Stephen Magura, Andrew Rosenblum, Chunki Fong

{"title":"Factors associated with medication adherence among psychiatric outpatients at substance abuse risk.","authors":"Stephen Magura, Andrew Rosenblum, Chunki Fong","doi":"10.2174/1874941001104010058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874941001104010058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Substance misuse is usually associated with poorer psychiatric medication adherence among psychiatric patients. Identifying predictors of medication adherence among patients with dual psychiatric and substance misuse problems is important because poor adherence is associated with relapse and re-hospitalization. The subjects were patients newly admitted to a psychiatric outpatient program who were prescribed psychiatric medication from different providers during the six months prior to admission; all also had substance misuse histories (N=131). Confidential research interviews were conducted that included a modified Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) and drug toxicologies. Age (mean): 39 y; male 61%; Black 41%; Hispanic 38%; White 21%; completed high school/GED 41%; DSM-IV diagnoses: major depression 26%, schizoaffective 21%, bipolar 16%, schizophrenia 13%, other 24%; positive drug toxiology 55%. Potentially malleable factors correlated with lower adherence were: lower friends' support for drug/alcohol abstinence, more recovery-promoting behaviors, lower satisfaction with medication, more medication side effects, lower self-efficacy for drug avoidance, and lower social support for recovery. In multivariate regression analysis, only the last three factors remained as significant predictors of adherence. Low adherence is not attributable to simply forgetting to take medication. Strengthening adherence should also include better education about side effects and the importance of adherence to sustain the benefits of medication. Psychiatrists and other medical providers should also be encouraged to address patients' adherence strategies, since the time devoted to addressing that during treatment may prevent serious adverse events such as relapse to substance abuse, treatment drop-out and re-hospitalization.</p>","PeriodicalId":89289,"journal":{"name":"The open addiction journal","volume":"4 ","pages":"58-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1874941001104010058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31143901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 51