Journal of the human-environment system最新文献_第8页

Comments on "Clothing as a Mobile Environment for Human Beings Prospects of Clothing for the Future" presented by Teruko Tamura, Presidential Address to ICHES'05 Tokyo, Japan 12–15 September 2005 田村光子在2005年9月12日至15日日本东京ICHES大会主席演讲“服装作为人类的移动环境——未来服装的前景”的评论

Journal of the human-environment system Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1618/JHES.10.45

R. Dear

引用次数: 2

Hand Skin Temperatures Associated with Local Hand Discomfort under Whole-body Cold Exposure 全身低温暴露下手部皮肤温度与局部手部不适的关系

Journal of the human-environment system Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1618/JHES.10.31

V. Candas, A. Dufour

{"title":"Hand Skin Temperatures Associated with Local Hand Discomfort under Whole-body Cold Exposure","authors":"V. Candas, A. Dufour","doi":"10.1618/JHES.10.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1618/JHES.10.31","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed at pointing out the local thermal effects and subjective responses to cold air exposures of gloved hands in conditions of similar hand heat loss rates. Thirteen males and 13 females, lightly clothed (0.6 clo), participated in three separated experimental sessions (once a week), while sitting for 105 min in a climatic chamber at an operative temperature of 19°C. Subjects' hands were exposed in a ventilated cold box (air velocity=2.5 m·s−1) at one of three temperatures (8°C, 10°C or 14°C) depending on the dry heat exchange coefficient of the gloved hands. The temperature of the box was chosen to induce similar heat loss rates across conditions. Main results showed that local skin temperatures can be divided in 3 categories: 4 fingers (coolest), a thumb, back and palm (least cool). Female had lower skin temperatures than males but their local thermal discomfort was found to be similar for the same local skin temperature levels. As a consequence, the durations of the accepted exposures without discomfort were shorter in females. Discrepancies between male and female responses are discussed in terms of different hand skin blood flows. A practical aspect of our results concerns the glove thermal insulations which are obviously too poor at the finger levels, a factor determinant for discomfort occurrence in case of cold hand exposures.","PeriodicalId":89177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the human-environment system","volume":"10 1","pages":"31-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67428433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Clothing as a Mobile Environment for Human Beings 服装作为人类活动的环境

Journal of the human-environment system Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1618/JHES.10.1

T. Tamura

{"title":"Clothing as a Mobile Environment for Human Beings","authors":"T. Tamura","doi":"10.1618/JHES.10.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1618/JHES.10.1","url":null,"abstract":"Clothing is the nearest and a mobile environment for human beings. The relationship between clothing and environmental climate from the past to the present society in Japan was firstly reviewed. Next, to examine the seasonal changes of the wearing conditions of the people living and working in the modern big city of Tokyo, the observations was taken in roughly 10-day intervals from June 2001 to May 2002 using a fixed point-observation method by means of digital photography. The wearing percentage for each garment calculated separately for males and females showed clear seasonal changes and showed close relationship with air temperature. It was noted, however, that the wearing percentage of the jackets at an air temperature of 30 degree C in summer reached 18% only for males and the wearing condition fell outside of the comfort zone. In the summer in 2005, the Ministry of Environment in Japan promoted “Cool Biz” fashion, where ties and jackets are not worn and comfort is maintained even at 28 degree C, in order to reduce energy consumption. In order to determine the effects of the “Cool Biz” promotion on the wearing percentage for males, the thermal insulation and evaporative heat resistance of the cool biz fashion were evaluated by a sweating thermal manikin “JUN” and the wearing percentage of clothes in 2006 was examined using the same method. With this as a background, the role of clothing in the human-clothing-environment system was discussed in relation with the revolutionary advances in science and technology.","PeriodicalId":89177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the human-environment system","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1618/JHES.10.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67428886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Physiological and psychological response using a buffer space in winter when occupants enter a room from outdoors 冬季居住者从室外进入房间时，使用缓冲空间的生理和心理反应

Journal of the human-environment system Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1618/JHES.10.79

A. Yokoe, S. Kuno, Guohai Xu, Teruyuki Saito, Masayuki Harada

引用次数: 1

Human Thermal Model Expressing Local Characteristics of Each Segment 人体热模型表达每一节段的局部特征

Journal of the human-environment system Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1618/JHES.10.51

S. Yokoyama, T. Maeda, M. Kuramae, N. Kakuta

引用次数: 4

Influence of Physical Characteristics on Temperature Profile in Normal Neonates at an Early Neonatal Stage 正常新生儿早期生理特征对体温分布的影响

Journal of the human-environment system Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1618/JHES.10.63

Shouko Kamimotono, Kesami Sakaguchi, T. Fujiwara, Iwao Yamamoto

{"title":"Influence of Physical Characteristics on Temperature Profile in Normal Neonates at an Early Neonatal Stage","authors":"Shouko Kamimotono, Kesami Sakaguchi, T. Fujiwara, Iwao Yamamoto","doi":"10.1618/JHES.10.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1618/JHES.10.63","url":null,"abstract":"To understand temperature profiles and to identify factors affecting these profiles in the early neonatal stage, body temperature was monitored using a deep thermometer in 10 normal neonates placed in a room at 26–27°C from 2 h 31 min to 7 h after birth. Temperature data were used to investigate correlations between physical characteristics measurements, body-mass indices, gestational weeks and time of birth. No significant differences were observed in chest deep temperature values between any measurement time points. The degree of decrease in chest deep temperature was significantly larger in Group AL (mean value of individual subject is lower than total mean value) than in Group AH (mean value of individual subject is higher than total mean value) up to 5 h after birth. Degree of decrease in chest deep temperature tended to be larger in Group RH (rectal temperature immediately after birth of individual subject ≥37.0°C) than in Group RL (rectal temperature immediately after birth of individual subject <37.0°C) up to 4.5 h after birth.Regarding physical characteristics, head circumference was significantly larger in Groups AH and RL and body-mass indices of head circumference/body mass and chest circumference/body mass were generally larger in Groups AL and RH. Body surface area did not differ significantly between any groups, but body surface area/body mass ratio was significantly larger in Group AL than in Group AH. Body temperature changes were shown to fluctuate in the lower range in neonates with larger head circumference/body mass ratio and chest circumference/body mass ratio and body surface area/body mass ratio at an early neonatal stage after birth.","PeriodicalId":89177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the human-environment system","volume":"10 1","pages":"63-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67428525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on the Improvement of Work Environment by Photocatalyst in the Laboratory Animal Room 光触媒改善实验动物室工作环境的研究

Journal of the human-environment system Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1618/JHES.10.71

Eizo Murakami, H. Kohno, M. Hori

{"title":"Study on the Improvement of Work Environment by Photocatalyst in the Laboratory Animal Room","authors":"Eizo Murakami, H. Kohno, M. Hori","doi":"10.1618/JHES.10.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1618/JHES.10.71","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of odorants and airborne bacterium within animal laboratories posed personal discomfort as well as health risks to researchers and their staff. This led to the development of photo-catalytic based filtration technology, capable of absorbing and decomposing odors in addition to sterilizing airborne bacterium, for an indoor air-circulation device. We performed several experiments to determine its characteristics. The result was a detection of tri-methylamine, which was found to contribute 94.6% of the odor in the laboratory animal room. Tri-methylamine is an important indicator in the odor environment for researchers and working staff. During field tests within animal laboratories, the experimental filtration system removed about 82% of the tri-methylamine and 51% of the ammonia immediately, and decreased odor concentration from 12 to 5 or less (by the triangle odor bag method), at which point no odor was perceived. The odor concentration at the outlet of the device was maintained at less than 5 during a trial period of two months. At the same time, the filtration device removed 64–95% of all airborne bacteria within the animal laboratories. In addition, the photo-catalytic filter that attained adsorptive saturation was successfully regenerated by using the photo-catalytic ability.The results of experiment demonstrated that the test device is more effective in absorbing and removing odor and bacteria in the animal laboratory rooms than similar devices. The photo-catalytic filtration system was effective for removing odor constantly being generated in the mouse animal room.","PeriodicalId":89177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the human-environment system","volume":"10 1","pages":"71-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67428594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Determination of Changes in Body Heat Content during Exercise Using Calorimetry and Thermometry 用量热法和测温法测定运动时人体热含量的变化

Journal of the human-environment system Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1618/JHES.10.19

O. Jay, G. Kenny

{"title":"The Determination of Changes in Body Heat Content during Exercise Using Calorimetry and Thermometry","authors":"O. Jay, G. Kenny","doi":"10.1618/JHES.10.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1618/JHES.10.19","url":null,"abstract":"Following the onset of exercise there is a sudden increase in metabolic heat production that cannot be initially offset by the body's heat loss mechanisms. During this thermal imbalance a change in body heat content (ΔHb) occurs. The only way the value for ΔHb can be truly determined is by performing simultaneous direct measurements of the rates of heat production and heat loss. There are several calorimetric methods that can be used to quantify these values. The most accurate and simple method for measuring the rate of heat production is by separately calculating the energy released from the oxidation of fats and carbohydrates using indirect calorimetry, while direct air flow calorimetry provides the most accurate and responsive measurement of total body heat loss. Thermometry is often used as a surrogate for calorimetry by estimating mean body temperature and subsequently deriving a value for ΔHb. The most common thermometry approach, the 2-compartment model of “core” and “shell” temperature, has been demonstrated to greatly underestimate ΔHb. The inclusion of a third compartment representing the thermal influences of muscle tissue has been demonstrated to provide a better thermometric estimation of ΔHb; however this requires the invasive measurement of intramuscular temperature. A modified 2-compartment thermometry model incorporating an “adjustment factor” correcting for the underestimation of the traditional model for ΔHb appears to be the most practical alternative. Further research is required to develop thermometry model for the better estimation of ΔHb under various conditions.","PeriodicalId":89177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the human-environment system","volume":"10 1","pages":"19-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1618/JHES.10.19","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67428421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 39

Using a Bioclimatic Approach to Developing Combined Pre-design Strategies for Energy-efficient Buildings in China 利用生物气候学方法开发中国节能建筑的综合预先设计策略

Journal of the human-environment system Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1618/JHES.10.39

Liu Yang, Dalong Liu, Yan Mao, Zhimin Li, Jia-ping Liu

{"title":"Using a Bioclimatic Approach to Developing Combined Pre-design Strategies for Energy-efficient Buildings in China","authors":"Liu Yang, Dalong Liu, Yan Mao, Zhimin Li, Jia-ping Liu","doi":"10.1618/JHES.10.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1618/JHES.10.39","url":null,"abstract":"climate data are 30 year daily average from 1971 to 2000. This paper determined each pre-design strategies’ time saving percentage for each city stud-ied from the overall understanding of climate charac-teristics for building design, and provided the energy saving percentage of passive design from a traditional energy consumption point of view through the appli-Journal Abstract This paper presents the work on development of appropriate pre-design strategies for energy-efﬁcient buildings in different climates in China. This study is based on ﬁeld thermal environment surveys of 13 cities representing the ﬁve major climatic types, namely severe cold, cold, hot summer and cold winter, hot summer and warm winter, and mild climate. The comfort zones for the residents who live in these different cities are deﬁned as reference for analyzing outdoor climate conditions. The analyzing reference has been developed based on the thermal neutrality regression function. The Building Bio-climatic Chart method (Szokolay’s CPZ) and the measured weather data (30-year average) of the analyzed cities are adopted to identify each city’s outdoor climate condition and the appropriate passive design strategies. These basic climate analyses could give basic information on architectural initial design guidelines, and also offer an initial concept and data as well to develop passive design for climate zones for China in the future.","PeriodicalId":89177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the human-environment system","volume":"176 1","pages":"39-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67428476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fundamental Study of Weighting Factors for Calculating Mean Skin Temperature 计算平均皮肤温度加权因子的基础研究

Journal of the human-environment system Pub Date : 2006-01-01 DOI: 10.1618/JHES.9.35

K. Kuwabara, T. Mochida, K. Nagano, K. Shimakura

引用次数: 10