Journal of the human-environment system最新文献

{"title":"SURVEY ON THE USE OF AIR CONDITIONER IN SCHOOL GYMNASIUMS ATFER BEING INSTALLED AND THREMAL ENVIRONMENT DURING SUMMER","authors":"G. Iwashita","doi":"10.1618/jhes.25.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1618/jhes.25.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the human-environment system","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67430517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of indoor aromatic citrus odor using semiconductor gas sensors","authors":"Saki Kondo, M. Mitsuda, Toshimi Tanamura","doi":"10.1618/jhes.24.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1618/jhes.24.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the human-environment system","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67430758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Personal Protective Equipment on the Physiological Responses of Different Body Weight Groups of Firefighters","authors":"I. Bakri, Y. Tochihara, Joo-Young Lee, Hitoshi Wakabayashi","doi":"10.1618/jhes.24.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1618/jhes.24.11","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzed two firefighter groups, the heavy bodyweight (HBW) and the light body weight (LBW) groups. The main aim was to evaluate the physiological responses of these two groups during the personal protective equipment standard test. Furthermore, the differences in the physiological responses between the two groups were hypothesized. All groups performed a 5.5 km∙hr -1 treadmill exercise under 0.967 Kg sports attire as a control condition (CON) and 18.974 Kg personal protective equipment as the PPE condition (PPE), at air temperatures (T a ) of 32 o C and 60% relative humidity (RH), respectively. The result showed that the hypothesis was rejected since no differences in physiological responses were found between HBW and LBW groups. The differences only occurred within each group when PPE or control clothing was used. The physical condition of the volunteers was similar due to their daily structured exercise despite differences in body weight between both groups. Therefore, the bodyweight of volunteers is not a relevant issue, provided they are well trained for the standard PPE test.","PeriodicalId":89177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the human-environment system","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67430493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes and Issues in Research on the Evaluation of the Indoor Thermal Environment of Houses in Japan from the Viewpoint of a Warmth-Preservation Lifestyle","authors":"N. Matsubara","doi":"10.1618/jhes.25.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1618/jhes.25.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the human-environment system","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67430506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A field study on the thermal environments of bedrooms and the sleep quality of elderly people in summer in the urban and rural areas of Nara Prefecture","authors":"Chiaki Kido, H. Kubo, M. Azuma, N. Sassa, Satoko Hoshino, N. Isoda","doi":"10.1618/jhes.25.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1618/jhes.25.31","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the human-environment system","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67430553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outdoor thermal environment of a traditional settlement with a group of wooden storehouses in summer daytime at Tsushima Island, Japan","authors":"T. Hashimoto, Shinichi Watanabe","doi":"10.1618/JHES.23.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1618/JHES.23.59","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional settlements have been formed by adapting to local climate and natural features. This study aims to clarify the climatic characteristics of a settlement with a group of wooden storehouses in summer daytime from the viewpoint of environmental design. Waniura settlement in Tsushima Island, Japan was selected as the observation site of this study. The largest group of wooden storehouses in Tsushima Island is in Waniura settlement, and it is in the north of the settlement. About 150 storehouses are located near the port. The microclimate observations in the settlement and heat parameters measurements, including UV intensities at three representative points, were carried out in the summer of 2019. The wind direction in the northern part of the settlement had a different trend than that in the sky. The wind directions in Waniura settlement is affected by the topography when the wind in the sky blows in different directions from the valley line in the settlement. The layout of storehouses affects the wind environment of the group of wooden storehouses and the wind reducing effect appears when the wind blows orthogonally to the parallel storehouses. At the shaded path (point-C) on 1,000 W/m2 global solar radiation, the MRT reduction was -25.7 °C. The reason the MRT at the shaded path dropped significantly was that the storehouses built close to each other blocked the solar radiation on the shaded path significantly. Furthermore, less solar radiation on the shaded path might contribute to maintaining the low surface temperatures of the pathway and the storehouses. At the shaded path on 1,000 W/m2 global solar radiation, the UTCI reduction was -4.4 °C. This result emphasizes the importance of providing shade from buildings or other means and directing wind into those spaces to improve the outdoor thermal environment. At the shaded path in the group of wooden storehouses on 1000 W/m2 global solar radiation, the UV Index reduction was -5.4. This large UV Index reduction at the shaded path can be because the storehouses were built close to each other, thus blocking most direct and diffuse components of UV radiation. It has become clear that a heat island appears in the centre of the settlement with a population of about 200 people in the daytime on a clear summer day. In contrast, the heat island did not appear in the group of wooden storehouses, despite the dense construction of storehouses. This is probably because the storehouse is a low-rise wooden building with low heat capacity and because there is no energy consumption or waste heat there. It is evident that the cooling effect of the group of storehouses on the radiant environment, thermal environment and UV environment appears in the summer daytime. Based on the results of the field observations, it has been empirically shown that it is an effective environmental design method for mitigating the thermal environment in the summer daytime by composing a group of low-rise wooden buildings is c","PeriodicalId":89177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the human-environment system","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67430742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microclimate in the Fields with Cycas Hedges in Amami Oshima, Japan","authors":"T. Hashimoto, Jin Ishii","doi":"10.1618/JHES.23.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1618/JHES.23.71","url":null,"abstract":"In the Amami Islands, an original culture has been created and is still maintained. This study focused on the fields with Cycas hedges called “Sotetsu-Bate”, which means “fields with Cycas hedges”, in the Amami Islands. Sotetsu-Bate had established as a locality and specific cultural landscape, in order to protect farm products from wind and seawater. The objective of the present study is to clarify the effects of Cycas hedges on the thermal environment in the fields. Field observations of air temperature, humidity, wind direction, wind velocity, and solar and long-wave radiation were carried out in and around the fields with Cycas hedges in the Kasari area, Amami City, Amami-Oshima. In summer and winter, the wind reducing effect of Cycas hedges appeared in the field with Cycas hedges, and it is an effective countermeasure against damage of strong wind and seawater. The wind reducing effect of Cycas hedges against seasonal wind is particularly significant. It is cleared that wind velocity in the field with Cycas hedges was decreased with about 20% of that at the sandy shore, on average. The wind reducing effect of Cycas hedges did not appear clearly at observation points on the north-south main road, compared with the results of observation points in the field with Cycas hedges. This north-south main road was narrower in the old days. It is considered that the wind reducing effect in the fields with Cycas hedges was decreased by road extension. In winter and in the early morning of summer, the difference in air temperature, vapor pressure, and relative humidity in the observation site was small. In the daytime of summer, air temperature at observation points in the fields with Cycas hedges was higher than that at the sandy shore in many cases. It is considered that the outdoor sensible temperature formed in the fields with Cycas hedges is very hot and dangerous for human health in the daytime of summer because the air temperature is high and wind velocity is calm or very light. It is advisable to eschew a work in the fields with Cycas hedges in the daytime of summer.","PeriodicalId":89177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the human-environment system","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67430750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total Volatile Organic Compound (TVOC) as Index of Indoor Air Quality and Its Measuring and Evaluation","authors":"M. Hori","doi":"10.1618/jhes.23.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1618/jhes.23.1","url":null,"abstract":"This review describes the definition of TVOC, measuring method, biological influence, standard value, effect and the defect, significance of existence and how to use it. The process for which TVOC has been used as an indoor environment quality index is also explained. TVOC was proposed as an index which showed the possibility of the pollution influence. It was also proposed as the overall, simple notation of VOCs of which many kinds existed in the indoor air. TVOC has been used in a lot of the research. However, the defect as the index that showed the contaminated level was pointed out by existence of small amount stimulus ingredients missed by a present VOC/TVOC measuring method. TVOC can’t be a toxic academic index essentially. On the other hand, because a lot of VOCs coexists, to which the standard value is not set yet, TVOC has the practical meaning as an environmental protection index to achieve the decrease of the VOC risk through the monitoring of VOC concentration and the evaluation of source such as construction materials.","PeriodicalId":89177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the human-environment system","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67430868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of aging on thermoregulatory and subjective responses during a 15-minute bath at 41 °C","authors":"C. Miwa, H. Shimasaki, Masayasu Mizutani, Yasunori Mori, Kazunori Maeda, A. Deguchi","doi":"10.1618/jhes.23.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1618/jhes.23.45","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of bathing on thermoregulatory and subjective responses in elderly persons compared to those in young persons. Ten young (20.4 years) and 10 elderly (69.7 years) individuals were asked to bathe for 15 minutes in water at 41 °C. Tympanic temperature (Tty) was measured using a thermometer with a thermistor, sweating rate (SR) was measured by a ventilated capsule method, and skin blood flow (SkBF) was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry to assess thermoregulatory responses. Subjective thermal and comfort sensations were evaluated using a seven-point scale. The results showed significant increases in Tty, SR and SkBF in young participants than in elderly participants. In addition, we divided the total bathing period into three time periods and observed later SR and SkBF responses in elderly participants than in young participants. While young participants felt hot and unpleasant during the late time period, elderly participants felt warm and comfortable during the entire duration of bathing. These results demonstrate the thermoregulatory responses due to changes in physical structure and function due to aging during a 15-minute bath at 41 °C in the elderly.","PeriodicalId":89177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the human-environment system","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67430458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factor Analysis Focusing on Lifestyle Factors of Utility Costs for One-person Student Households in Tohoku Region of Japan before the Great East Japan Earthquake","authors":"K. Genjo","doi":"10.1618/jhes.23.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1618/jhes.23.13","url":null,"abstract":"A questionnaire survey on both the lifestyle and energy consumption of 626 university students in Tohoku region was conducted in 2007 and 2008 to assess energy conservation behaviors and energy consumption in one-person student households. This study aims to clarify the influence of each lifestyle factor that would affect the energy consumption of one-person student households. Of the 626 respondents, 344 one-person households and 215 family households were analyzed via the method of quantification theory type I, as the explanatory variables were roughly divided into hard and soft factors. In this study, the hard factors are considered to be the age of the building, the space heating and cooling period, the set point temperature of space heating appliances, heat source of hot water supply, and the set point temperature of hot water in winter. The soft factors are considered to be the degree of action of the energy conservation behavior in the house, consciousness of global environmental issues, consideration for energy conservation in daily life, and the degree of energy conservation efforts. The following conclusions of this study were obtained: 1) It was found that the heat source of hot water supply and set point temperature of hot water supply in winter were important factors that have a great impact on the annual utility costs among the six hard factors used in the analysis in one-person student households and family households, respectively. 2) Space cooling period had clear association with the annual utility costs in one-person households, whereas space heating period had clear association with the annual utility costs in family households. 3) The annual utility cost of one-person student households was greatly influenced by how to use appliances and energy conservation efforts. 4) The tendency of the partial correlation coefficients of soft factors to be higher in family households than those of hard factors was stronger than that of one-person households. 5) Differences in energy conservation efforts and consciousness of global environmental issues among family households were greatly reflected in annual utility costs compared to one-person households. 6) The effect of the degree of action of energy conservation behavior in the house on the annual utility costs was found to be greater or comparable to that of the hard factors including how to use equipment in both one-person households and family households. 7) It was shown that the correlation with the annual utility costs is higher when considering not only hard factors but also soft factors in both one-person households and family households. 8) It is important not only to save energy, but also to confirm that the indoor thermal comfort is secured in one-person households. Since the number of one-person households is expected to increase in the future in Japan, the findings of this study are expected to be useful to promote energy conservation nationwide by developing energyconservat","PeriodicalId":89177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the human-environment system","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67430402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}