Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences最新文献

{"title":"Feeding Practices of Dairy Owners in Semi-arid Region of Algeria","authors":"F. Guedjal, A. Bir, C. Mouffok","doi":"10.18805/ajdfr.drf-299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.drf-299","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This work aims to analyze and evaluate the feeding systems of dairy farms in order to provide a diagnosis of the constraints and potentialities of current food practices under Algerian production conditions, particularly in the semi-arid region of Sétif. Methods: The survey was carried out between 2021-2022 on 147 farms in the different agro-ecological zones of the semi-arid region of Sétif. The data were collected through personal interviews using the structured schedule. A survey was conducted to acquire information on farm structure and feeding practices. Result: Depending on the practice of grazing, two types of farms have been established: the zero-grazing system in 7.48% of farms, based on dry fodder supplemented by a large quantity of concentrated feed at 15 kg/cow/day on average, while the semi-grazing system was used in 91.40% of farms with an average of 10.2 kg/cow/day of concentrated feed distributed. The study of the current situation of dairy cow feeding systems shows that pasture, cereal straw, commercial concentrate and wheat bran were the most used feeds in the semi-arid region of Sétif. This finding requires the adoption of an adequate and precise rationing strategy to ensure good profitability of dairy farming.","PeriodicalId":89171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43681700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Azadirachta Indica and Phyllanthus niruri Plant Meal on Performance and Health in Growing Calves","authors":"S. Pulido-Huertas, G. Mendoza-Martínez, E. Espinosa-Ayala, D. Martínez-Gómez, J. F. González‐Sánchez, I. Martínez-Cortes, L.A. Velázquez-Cruz, C. Díaz-Galván","doi":"10.18805/ajdfr.drf-314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.drf-314","url":null,"abstract":"Background: During perinatal period, the immune system of calves is developing, making them vulnerable to infectious diseases that affect their growth or increasing mortality. Phytobiotics have various physiological effects on animals that could improve their performance and health. In this study, the effect of a feed herbal mixture made from Azadirachta indica and Phyllanthus niruri were evaluated in dairy calves. Methods: Forty Holstein calves were assigned into four groups (doses of 0, 2, 3 and 4 g d-1) and productive and health parameters were recorded. Results were analyzed according to a completely randomized design in which linear and quadratic effects of daily feed additive dose were tested. Result: Increasing the dose of herbal mixture linearly reduced final body weight, body weight gain and daily calve starter intake, although it improved feed conversion. Blood tests showed that hematocrit and hemoglobin increased quadratically. The number of segmented neutrophils increased linearly. Finally, the number of pneumonia cases decreased quadratically. These results suggest that supplementation with herbal additives could improve feed efficiency and improve the health status of calves.\u0000","PeriodicalId":89171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47488584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Deep Bedded Pack System in Manure Management for Reducing Heat Stress of Cattle in Bangladesh","authors":"H. Dhakal, A.K.M. AhsanKabir, Z. Gulshan, M. R. Amin, M.M. Rahman, M.R.I. Khan","doi":"10.18805/ajdfr.drf-289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.drf-289","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Heat stress has a considerable effect both on animal welfare and production. Animals in heat stressreduceproductivity and reproductive performances and in extreme cases, it causes death. Methods: The experiment was carried out in Satkhira, a South-Western part of Bangladesh from July 2019 to June 2020 for12 monthsperiod to investigate the year-round heat stress experienced by cattle raised in a Deep Bedded Pack System (DBP) compared to that raised on a concrete floor (CF) system in an open barn. A total of six dry cows (2.5 to 3 yearsold, Holstein-Friesian crossbred) were allotted into two groups with three replications. The deep bedded pack was prepared with rice husk. The heat stress was calculated by following an equation using temperature and humidity data. Result: Animals raised on a concrete floor were suffered moderate to severe heat stress for eight months in a year from March to October. Otherwise, animals on the DBP floor were suffered from moderate heat stress only for five months, from June to October in a year. No severe case was found on the DBP floor but severe heat stress was shown by animals on the concrete floor from July to September. Therefore, animals feel more comfortable in the DBP management system.","PeriodicalId":89171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42250048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Resistance Profile and Molecular Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Subclinical Mastitis of Dairy Cows in Mathura Region","authors":"Swati Tripathi, R. Singh, M. Srivastava, Ashutosh Kumar Singh, S. Yadav","doi":"10.18805/ajdfr.dr-1953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.dr-1953","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Subclinical mastitis is the most underrated yet economically important disease of livestock. It goes undetected by clinical examinations, making routine surveillance and monitoring necessary for its detection. Among causative agents, Staphylococcus aureus is the most crucial one. The present study determines the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance profile and molecular characterization of S. aureus from subclinical mastitis of cattle in the Mathura region. Methods: The present research was conducted during 2019-2021 and different gaushalas and dairies in and around the Mathura region were screened for mastitis by California mastitis test and somatic cell count. The samples positive were further tested by bacterial, biochemical and molecular tests along with an antimicrobial resistance profile. Result: Our research found a significant amount of S. aureus in subclinical samples with the presence of mecA gene suggesting MRSA. The public health importance of S. aureus and emerging resistance against antibiotics demands regular monitoring and effective use of antimicrobial agents against the MRSA isolates.\u0000","PeriodicalId":89171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44710357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Synergistic Anticancer Effect of Some Plant Extracts in Combination against Human Liver Cancer Cell Line","authors":"M.A. Moatasem, J.S. Dhifaf, H.A. Emaduldeen, M. Mohammed, S. A. Ibrahim, J. M. Dhuha, H. Haniza, D.J. Abd Ulrazaq, H. Falah, R. Rana","doi":"10.18805/ajdfr.drf-297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.drf-297","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cancer is still a major health problem worldwide, despite the big development in treatment and diagnostic methods. For this reason, this study aims to find new drugs with low cost and fewer side effects on cancer cells continue. Medical plants represent a suitable candidate for discovering new materials for cancer treatment. Methods: Ten plants usually used in traditional medicine were used to evaluate their effectiveness as anti-cancer. These plants were divided into two mixtures according to traditional usage, named mixtures A and B. The anticancer effect against HepG2 was determined by MTT assay. The IC50 was also calculated. Result: Mixture A showed cytotoxicity reached 66.98%, while mixture B showed 63.66% by using 400 µg/ml at 4 8h. The IC50 for mixture A was 53 µg/ml, while for mixture B was 44.29 g/ml. All these results compare to normal cell line HnFd cells. In conclusion, mixing medical plants can effectively increase the anticancer activity of the synergistic effect between the phytochemicals. Future studies will be done to scan these effects.\u0000","PeriodicalId":89171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43503254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Evaluation of Gir Cattle for Success Rate to Conception using GLIMMIX Model","authors":"Rakesh Kumar, P. Sharma, S. Saini, Sanjay Kumar","doi":"10.18805/ajdfr.dr-1982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.dr-1982","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The objective of this study was to assess the genetic and phenotypic parameters associated with the success rate to conception using 90-days non-return rate (NRR90F), conception Rate (CR) and number of insemination to conception (INS) traits in service bull. Methods: A total of 2590 insemination including 1776 first time insemination was carried out during the period of 2018-2020 in the Gir cattle distributed in the semi-arid region of RajasthanNRR90F and CR were analysed as binary variable and INS as multi-nominal trait. Generalized linear models were used to for the evaluation of non-genetic factors and generalized linear mixed models for genetic effects. Result: The average success rate of artificial insemination was estimated as 0.35 for NRR90F and 0.41 for CR. Further, cumulative logit link function was used to analyse the number of successful insemination to conception (INS) and cumulative estimates was observed as 0.95 for two number of insemination to conception. Period and season were the non-genetic factors that influenced the traits studied. Decreasing trend was observed over the period for success of insemination for all studied traits. Summer season showed highest odd ratio and estimated as 1.213 for NRR90F, 1.388 for CR and 1.440 for INS with reference to autumn season. Heritability was estimated as 0.015 for NRR90F, 0.028 for CR and 0.086 for INS.","PeriodicalId":89171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48333329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical and Nutrient Composition of Aloe Vera (Aloe barbadensis miller) in an Agro-climatic Condition of Mizoram, India","authors":"D. Talukdar, Papori Talukdar, Athokpam Donin Luwang, K. Sarma, D. Deka, Dhrubajyoti Sharma, B. Das","doi":"10.18805/ajdfr.dr-2047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.dr-2047","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Aloe vera has been used by mankind for thousands of years in folk medicine for its therapeutic properties. The rich phytochemistry of Aloe vera has revealed great potential for improving the performance of livestock and poultry. Mizoram lies in the Indo-Myanmar sub-tropical forest region and is a biodiversity hotspot with many endemic species. The well-heeled biodiversity provides enormous assets and sustainable contribution of medicinal plants and thus leads to frequent use of plants as medicine. Moreover, it was reported that the nutrient composition of the plant depends on the soil quality of the locality. Therefore, the study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical and nutrient composition of Aloe vera in an agro-climatic condition of Mizoram. Methods: The physical characteristics of fresh Aloe vera leaf i.e. length, width, thickness, apparent volume, leaf weight, gel weight and percent gel recovery were evaluated by using standard protocols. The nutrient composition of Aloe vera leaf powder i.e. moisture, crude protein, ether extract, crude fibre, carbohydrate, total ash, energy level and minerals i.e. calcium, phosphorus, zinc, copper, selenium, magnesium and chromium contents were estimated by using standard methods. The extract of each powdered part of Aloe vera plants was used for phytochemical tests and to identify the constituents, standard procedures were carried out. Result: The physical characteristics of fresh Aloe vera leaf i.e. length, width, thickness, apparent volume, leaf weight, gel weight and percent gel recovery were 562.72±6.32 mm, 83.55±4.46 mm, 25.33±4.05 mm, 298.44±7.32 cm3, 340.28±6.32 g, 180.23±9.39 g, 55.66±1.07%, respectively. The nutrient composition of Aloe vera leaf powder i.e. moisture, crude protein, ether extract, crude fibre, carbohydrate, total ash, the energy level was 91.12%, 8.75%, 2.4%, 16.8%, 52.0%,12.5%, 238 kcal, respectively and minerals i.e. calcium, phosphorus, zinc, copper, selenium, magnesium and chromium content was 2532.0, 870.1, 41.8, 0.57, 40.1, 8310.0 and 4.5 ppm, respectively. Aqueous and ethanol extraction of Aloe vera confirmed the presence of steroids, alkaloids, glycosides, carbohydrates, tannins and tarpenoid. In conclusion, the physical properties of Aloe vera revealed that the weight of the Aloe vera correlates with the gel portion irrespective of the leaf volume. Apart from therapeutic uses of Aloe vera, it can also use for the synthesis of complex chemical substances.\u0000","PeriodicalId":89171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43233922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Different Doses of Volatile Oil Extract of Rosemary in Suckling Rats on Some Physiological Parameters and Pups","authors":"A. Basheer, F. Al-hayyali, N. Al-Kassim","doi":"10.18805/ajdfr.drf-293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.drf-293","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The current study was carried out in the animal house-College of the Veterinary Medicine/University of Mosul-Iraq. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of volatile oil extract of rosemary on some physiological and reproductive parameters of suckling female rats and their pups. Methods: 24 suckling female rats were used and have been distributed randomly to four groups 6 suckling female rats for each group. The first group was considered a control group that was administered only with corn oil orally while the other groups were treated orally with volatile oil extract of rosemary 250,500, 1000 mg/kg body weight for 21 days (time of suckling). Result: Results revealed that the treatment of suckling female rats with volatile oil extract of rosemary caused a significant P less than 0.05 decrease in body weight of suckling female and its pups in 7,14,21 days of suckling time and an increase significantly P less than 0.05 the mortality of suckling female and its pups, as well as increase the growth factor of pups(days) significantly which include (open of ears, obtained of hair, obtain of teeth and opened of the eyes), compared with the control group. Doses of volatile oils extract of rosemary (250, 500, 1000 mg/kg b.w.) caused a significant P less than 0.05 increase of testicular descent and primary preputial separation of male suckling pups (days) and a decrease significantly P less than 0.05 Ano-gential distance (AGD)/mm, as well as increased vaginal opening significantly P less than 0.05 of female suckling pups compared with the control group. There was a significant decrease P less than 0.05 in each of estrogen, prolactin, FSH and LH in all doses of rosemary oil used in the study, while there was no significant difference in progesterone copared to the control group in suckling females.\u0000","PeriodicalId":89171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49477698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Nutritional Composition, Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Broccoli (Brassica oleracea) Microgreen Sprinkler using Alternate Drying Techniques","authors":"P. Bhatt, Sonika Sharma, K. Grover, Savita Sharma, Khushdeep Dharni, A. S. Dhatt","doi":"10.18805/ajdfr.dr-1955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.dr-1955","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Fresh microgreens are nutrient dense crops with high moisture content, thus have a short life span. Application of different drying techniques enhanced its shelf life but leads to nutrient losses. There is permanent need to enhance the nutrient retention in dried microgreen. Methods: The research study of microgreens investigated during 2019-2020 at Punjab Agricultural University. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Palam Samridhi) seeds were soaked overnight and grown in outdoor setting and harvested at 10th day after germination. The harvested broccoli microgreens were dried using shade drying, tray drying and microwave drying. Dried samples were analyzed for nutritional parameters. Result: Microgreens contain significantly higher nutrients (Ca, Fe, Zn, Mg, K, ascorbic acid and b carotene), bioactive compounds (chlorophyll, total flavanoids and total phenols) and antioxidant activity as compared to their sprouts and mature counterparts. These are excellent sources of Fe, Ca, Zn, Mg, Vitamin C and beta carotene (pro-vitamin A), meeting per cent estimated average requirements (EAR) of 536%, 373%, 264%, 228%, 38%, 20% for Indian adult. To address the problem of perishability, there is a need to prolong their shelf life while retaining the nutritional quality. The present research has identified the optimum drying technique, on basis of nutrient retention, from a set of alternate techniques. Significant higher content of ascorbic acid (16.80 mg/100 g), chlorophyll (3.63 g/100 g), antioxidant activity (67.55%), Zn (35.23 mg/100 g), Fe (57.66 mg/100 g), Ca (2857 mg/100 g), K (334.23 mg/100 g) and Mg (706.43 mg/100 g) were observed in microwave dried microgreens. Incorporation of dried microgreen powder in food sprinkler resulted in a significant increase in vitamins, minerals, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity as compared to the control.","PeriodicalId":89171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42808593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Nutritional Profiling of Commonly Used and Underutilized Vegetables Incorporated Instant Powders","authors":"J. Prasoona, B. Kumari, S. Sarkar, V. Kiran, R. Swamy","doi":"10.18805/ajdfr.dr-2006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.dr-2006","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Presently, due to changing in life style of the people and desire for more leisure time, there is considerable change in food habits with a strong demand for processed food products. This trend has also resulted in huge demand for processed vegetables in markets for use in convenience foods, dry salad mixes, dehydrated soups, pizzas, etc. Interestingly, the literature on utilization of vegetables for preparation of chutney powder is not available. Thus, there exists a need to develop suitable technology for the development of vegetable based instant chutney powder that will not only check the losses but also generate additional revenue for the growers. Methods: The work was done in the year 2019-2020. The vegetables were collected from the local market at Rajendranagar of Telangana state. After the preliminary processing, the vegetables were blanched and with different formulations 3 best selected powders were analyzed. Result: The results of the study found that addition of vegetables and underutilized green leafy vegetables improved the sensory quality, protein, crude fiber, in incorporated instant chutney powder than the control sample.\u0000","PeriodicalId":89171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45264520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}