Lena Wimmer, G. Currie, Stacie Friend, H. Ferguson
{"title":"Testing Correlates of Lifetime Exposure to Print Fiction Following a Multi-Method Approach: Evidence From Young and Older Readers","authors":"Lena Wimmer, G. Currie, Stacie Friend, H. Ferguson","doi":"10.1177/0276236621996244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0276236621996244","url":null,"abstract":"Two pre-registered studies investigated associations of lifetime exposure to fiction, applying a battery of self-report, explicit and implicit indicators. Study 1 (N = 150 university students) tested the relationships between exposure to fiction and social and moral cognitive abilities in a lab setting, using a correlational design. Results failed to reveal evidence for enhanced social or moral cognition with increasing lifetime exposure to narrative fiction. Study 2 followed a cross-sectional design and compared 50–80 year-old fiction experts (N = 66), non-fiction experts (N = 53), and infrequent readers (N = 77) regarding social cognition, general knowledge, imaginability, and creativity in an online setting. Fiction experts outperformed the remaining groups regarding creativity, but not regarding social cognition or imaginability. In addition, both fiction and non-fiction experts demonstrated higher general knowledge than infrequent readers. Taken together, the present results do not support theories postulating benefits of narrative fiction for social cognition, but suggest that reading fiction may be associated with a specific gain in creativity, and that print (fiction or non-fiction) exposure has a general enhancement effect on world knowledge.","PeriodicalId":89150,"journal":{"name":"Imagination, cognition and personality","volume":"41 1","pages":"54 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0276236621996244","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47869556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Therapeutic Benefits of Adult Doll Play","authors":"Angelie Ignacio, G. Cupchik","doi":"10.1177/0276236621989227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0276236621989227","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored the episodic memories and therapeutic benefits associated with adult doll play. Forty adult collectors described a significant interaction they had with their dolls and interpreted the meaning of the episode. They rated both their narratives and interpretations on 7-point scales. Then they completed four questionnaires reflecting on their motivations for joining the doll hobby, the aesthetic and therapeutic aspects of doll play, as well as play and fantasy and self-perception questionnaires developed in an earlier study. Principal components factor analyses were performed on all scales and questionnaires, and the factors were correlated. In addition, the narratives and interpretations were coded and thematically analyzed. Results show that attachment forms with imagined and situated characters during the customization and story making process. This bonding process was critical in creating meaning and rituals within the ball-jointed doll hobby. Implications for the clinical field and AI mediated devices were discussed.","PeriodicalId":89150,"journal":{"name":"Imagination, cognition and personality","volume":"41 1","pages":"5 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0276236621989227","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48148664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sheldon, P., Rauschnabel, P. A., & Honeycutt, J. (2019). The dark side of social media: Psychological, managerial, and social perspectives","authors":"T. Madison","doi":"10.1177/0276236619888944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0276236619888944","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89150,"journal":{"name":"Imagination, cognition and personality","volume":"40 1","pages":"168 - 170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0276236619888944","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48513868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
María Angeles González, Aitziber Goñi-Artola, Alfredo Campos
{"title":"Keyword Mnemonics: Effects of Immediate Recall on Delayed Recall","authors":"María Angeles González, Aitziber Goñi-Artola, Alfredo Campos","doi":"10.1177/0276236620976103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0276236620976103","url":null,"abstract":"One of the limitations of keyword mnemonics concerns its efficacy in delayed recall. The objective of this study was to analyse the impact of keyword mnemonics on delayed recall (at a one-week interval). A sample of 794 first and second-year Compulsory Secondary Education students of both genders were presented a list of 14 Basque words, the meanings of these words were to be learnt using keyword mnemonics (keyword selected by classmates, researchers, or by the participants themselves), or the rote learning method. Half of the sample were allowed immediate and delayed recall, and the remaining 50% of participants underwent delayed recall. Activation of immediate recall influenced delayed recall. The rote learning method was more effective than the keyword method when the keyword was supplied by the researcher, or when participants generated their own keywords themselves, but not as effective as the keyword method when the keyword was generated by the classmates of the participants in the study.","PeriodicalId":89150,"journal":{"name":"Imagination, cognition and personality","volume":"40 1","pages":"458 - 467"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0276236620976103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42471692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mirror- and Eye-Gazing: An Integrative Review of Induced Altered and Anomalous Experiences","authors":"G. Caputo, S. Lynn, J. Houran","doi":"10.1177/0276236620969632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0276236620969632","url":null,"abstract":"We critically reviewed the protocols, results, and potential implications from empirical studies (n = 44) on mirror-gazing (including the “psychomanteum”) and eye-to-eye gazing, both in healthy individuals and clinical patients, including studies of hypnotic mirrored self-misidentification, mirror-gazing in body dysmorphic disorder and schizophrenia. We found these methods to be effective for eliciting altered states or anomalous experiences under controlled conditions and in non-clinical samples. Mirror-gazing and eye-to-eye-gazing produced anomalous experiences almost exclusively in the visual, bodily, and self-identity modalities, whereas psychomanteum experiences tended also to involve voices, smells, and bodily touches. The complexity, diversity, and specificity in contents across these anomalous experiences suggest mechanisms beyond perceptual distortions or illusions. We argue that mirror- and eye-gazing anomalous perceptions implicate different mechanisms that induce (i) Derealization (anomalous perceptions of external reality); (ii) Depersonalization (anomalous perceptions of the body), and (iii) Dissociated identity (anomalous perceptions of another identity in place of the self in mirror-gazing or in place of the other in eye-to-eye gazing). These interpretations suggest directions for future researches.","PeriodicalId":89150,"journal":{"name":"Imagination, cognition and personality","volume":"40 1","pages":"418 - 457"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0276236620969632","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45044903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Imagination and Fantasy: Correlates of Preschoolers’ Science Relevant Inquisitiveness","authors":"M. C. Smith, M. Fusaro","doi":"10.1177/0276236620963928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0276236620963928","url":null,"abstract":"One early manifestation of science inquiry skills may be inquisitiveness; that is, children’s tendency to ask questions about science relevant information. Little is known about individual differences in inquisitiveness, despite its fundamental role in emerging science inquiry skills. Prior research hints at potential predictors of inquisitiveness, including children’s imagination and curiosity through children’s exploration and play. Hence, this study examines potential correlates of inquisitiveness: children’s fantasy orientation and curiosity. Thirty-four ethnically diverse 4- to 5-year-old children (58.8% female) self-reported imaginary companion status, fantasy orientation, engagement in pretend role-play, and drew imaginative pictures. Children participated in two tasks, one that measures preference for uncertainty (curiosity) and one that measures inquisitiveness about science relevant content. MANOVA indicated differences in inquisitiveness by imaginary companion status and regression indicated that fantasy orientation made an independent contribution to inquisitiveness. Our results suggest that educators can enhance children’s science education in early childhood classrooms by providing opportunities for children to engage in imaginative play and experience stories and games with fantasy content.","PeriodicalId":89150,"journal":{"name":"Imagination, cognition and personality","volume":"40 1","pages":"393 - 417"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0276236620963928","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43243008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correlates and Mediators of Dissociation: Towards a Transtheoretical Perspective","authors":"Damla E. Aksen, Craig P. Polizzi, S. Lynn","doi":"10.1177/0276236620956284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0276236620956284","url":null,"abstract":"We evaluated variables important to understanding dissociation (N = 379 undergraduates). We investigated: (a) the correlations among dissociation and impulsivity, alexithymia, mindfulness, negative affect, neuroticism, sleep disturbances, and emotion dysregulation; (b) unique variance of these variables in statistically predicting dissociation scores; and (c) the statistical mediational role of emotion dysregulation and sleep in explaining dissociation. We found significant positive correlations between dissociation and emotion dysregulation, sleep, alexithymia, negative affect, impulsivity, and neuroticism as well as a significant negative correlation between mindfulness and dissociation, consistent with Lynn et al. Sleep, impulsivity, emotion dysregulation, and negative affect uniquely related to and explained significant variance in dissociation, in order from most to least variance accounted for. Sleep partially mediated the relation between emotion dysregulation and dissociation and the relation between impulsivity and dissociation. Emotion dysregulation partially mediated the relation between sleep and dissociation and the relation between impulsivity and dissociation. Additional findings provided support for bidirectional relations between sleep experiences and dissociation and emotion dysregulation and dissociation.","PeriodicalId":89150,"journal":{"name":"Imagination, cognition and personality","volume":"40 1","pages":"372 - 392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0276236620956284","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43109893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Being Someone or Something Else in the Dream: Relationship to Thin Boundaries","authors":"M. Schredl","doi":"10.1177/0276236619896272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0276236619896272","url":null,"abstract":"Being something or someone else or being younger in dreams are quite rare topics. In this study, the relationship between boundary thinness and these topics was studied. A sample of 444 students completed the Typical Dream Questionnaire and the Boundary Questionnaire. As expected, persons with thin boundaries dreamed more often being something or someone else or being younger reflecting the traits associated with boundary thinness, for example, good memory for childhood experiences and fluid sexual identity. Although large dream samples would be necessary, the next step would be to look at dream content, for example, whether being someone or something else is related to positive or negative emotions.","PeriodicalId":89150,"journal":{"name":"Imagination, cognition and personality","volume":"40 1","pages":"43 - 51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0276236619896272","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44477656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Are Negative Attitudes Toward Dreams Just the Inverse of Positive Attitudes Toward Dreams? An Empirical Investigation","authors":"M. Schredl, Nina Burau, R. Kunkel, Julia Lanzl","doi":"10.1177/0276236619889553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0276236619889553","url":null,"abstract":"As dreaming is a universal phenomenon, it seems natural that everyone has a more or less explicitly defined attitude toward dreams. Recent studies indicate that positive and negative attitude toward dream scales—even given there is considerable overlap—might not be related to the same variables. The findings of the present online survey (N = 2,056) using 22 attitude items indicated that positive and negative attitudes can be differentiated through confirmatory factor analysis and that variables like age, education, and frequent dream recall are differentially associated with positive and negative attitudes toward dreams. It would be very interesting to expand this study to investigate whether other variables, personality dimensions, general skepticism and so on, are associated with positive and negative attitudes toward dreams in different ways.","PeriodicalId":89150,"journal":{"name":"Imagination, cognition and personality","volume":"40 1","pages":"19 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0276236619889553","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43027489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sex Differences in Mental Rotation Performance Through Holding Weights By the Hands","authors":"Hiroyuki Muto, Soyogu Matsushita, K. Morikawa","doi":"10.1177/0276236620952334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0276236620952334","url":null,"abstract":"Mental rotation is known to be mediated by sensorimotor processes. To deepen our understanding of the role of somatosensory inputs in mental rotation, we investigated the effects of holding weight by the hands on mental rotation performance. In an experiment, 22 male and 22 female students performed a chronometric mental rotation task while holding either light or heavy bags in both hands. Results showed that females holding heavy bags were quicker and more accurate at mental rotation than females holding light bags, as evidenced by shallower slopes for response times (RTs) and error rates. In contrast, males showed no such heavy-bag-induced improvement. Unlike slopes, intercepts for RTs and error rates were equivalent regardless of sex and bag weight. Consistent with previous research on embodied cognition, the present findings demonstrated the facilitatory role of somatosensory cues by weight in mental rotation and suggested sex differences in embodied processes in mental rotation.","PeriodicalId":89150,"journal":{"name":"Imagination, cognition and personality","volume":"40 1","pages":"351 - 371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0276236620952334","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41799807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}