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6. Nature of the rights 6. 权利的性质
Marquette intellectual property law review Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/HE/9780198769958.003.0006
L. Bently, B. Sherman, D. Gangjee, Phillip Johnson
{"title":"6. Nature of the rights","authors":"L. Bently, B. Sherman, D. Gangjee, Phillip Johnson","doi":"10.1093/HE/9780198769958.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/HE/9780198769958.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter is about the rights conferred by the law on copyright owners, and the scope of what determines the types of activity that amounts to copyright infringement. It begins by considering the right to copy the work, focusing on the issue of reproduction with respect to literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works as well as films, sound recordings, broadcasts, and typographical arrangements. It then looks at other rights granted to copyright owners, including distribution right; the right to rent and lend copies of the work; the right to perform the work in public; and the right to make an adaptation of the work.","PeriodicalId":88929,"journal":{"name":"Marquette intellectual property law review","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80738731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
28. Ownership, exploitation, and infringement: UK registered designs, registered community designs, and unregistered community designs 28. 所有权、利用和侵权:英国注册外观设计、注册社区外观设计和未注册社区外观设计
Marquette intellectual property law review Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/HE/9780198769958.003.0028
L. Bently, B. Sherman, D. Gangjee, Phillip Johnson
{"title":"28. Ownership, exploitation, and infringement: UK registered designs, registered community designs, and unregistered community designs","authors":"L. Bently, B. Sherman, D. Gangjee, Phillip Johnson","doi":"10.1093/HE/9780198769958.003.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/HE/9780198769958.003.0028","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focuses on who is entitled to apply for a design registration as well as the rules relating to ownership and exploitation with respect to registered designs in the UK and the registered and unregistered Community designs. It also discusses infringement and exceptions in the three harmonized systems. It begins by considering the question of who is initially entitled to a design, citing entitlement under the UK Registered Designs Act 1949 and EU provisions. It then turns to assignment and licensing, the optimal period of protection for a design, and the British and EU approach to infringement. Finally, the chapter examines exceptions and defences that are available when dealing with design protection.","PeriodicalId":88929,"journal":{"name":"Marquette intellectual property law review","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72447209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
16. Procedure for grant of a patent 16. 授予专利权的程序
Marquette intellectual property law review Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0016
L. Bently, B. Sherman, D. Gangjee, Phillip Johnson
{"title":"16. Procedure for grant of a patent","authors":"L. Bently, B. Sherman, D. Gangjee, Phillip Johnson","doi":"10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0016","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explains the processes involved in granting patents as well as the factors that applicants must take into account when deciding whether to patent an invention in the UK. The role of patent agents and the choice of route to take to secure grant of the patent are considered. The chapter then documents the procedures in the application for a patent, paying particular attention to some of the key features of the UK and European Patent Office patent application processes together with the Patent Cooperation Treaty. It also describes situations in which applicants and patentees are able to amend their applications and the restrictions under which such amendments operate. Finally, it looks at a number of proposals to reform the patent procedure.","PeriodicalId":88929,"journal":{"name":"Marquette intellectual property law review","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76466679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
36. Subject matter 36. 主题
Marquette intellectual property law review Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0036
L. Bently, B. Sherman, D. Gangjee, Phillip Johnson
{"title":"36. Subject matter","authors":"L. Bently, B. Sherman, D. Gangjee, Phillip Johnson","doi":"10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0036","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses three requirements that a sign must satisfy to be validly registered or, if it is already registered, to ensure that it is not subsequently declared invalid: there is a sign; the sign can be represented graphically, or otherwise represented adequately; and the sign must be capable of distinguishing the goods or services of one undertaking from those of other undertakings. The chapter also considers specific policy-based limits on the registration of shapes, in the form of three ‘functionality’ exclusions.","PeriodicalId":88929,"journal":{"name":"Marquette intellectual property law review","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90581958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
38. Relative grounds for refusal 38. 拒绝的相对理由
Marquette intellectual property law review Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0038
L. Bently, B. Sherman, D. Gangjee, Phillip Johnson
{"title":"38. Relative grounds for refusal","authors":"L. Bently, B. Sherman, D. Gangjee, Phillip Johnson","doi":"10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0038","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focuses on ‘relative grounds’ for denying an application to register a trade mark as set out in section 5 of the Trade Marks Act 1994 and Article 8 of the European Union Trade Marks Regulation (EUTMR). It identifies ‘earlier trade marks’ and ‘earlier rights’ before turning to the tests which allow a prior mark to oppose the registration of a subsequent one. First, it reviews the so-called double identity ground, where an identical (later) mark is applied for, in the context of identical products. Second, it considers when likelihood of confusion may be established. Third, it surveys three situations referred to collectively as ‘dilution’, where the later mark may mentally evoke the earlier one in a way that is not confusing, yet still wrongful. It also explains the ‘advertising function’ of a trade mark, along with requirements relating to reputation and ‘due cause’. Finally, the chapter discusses relevant provisions governing unregistered trade marks, copyright, design right, and registered design right in the UK.","PeriodicalId":88929,"journal":{"name":"Marquette intellectual property law review","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83885018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
25. How design protection arises in the united kingdom and the european union 25. 外观设计保护在英国和欧盟是如何产生的
Marquette intellectual property law review Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0025
L. Bently, B. Sherman, D. Gangjee, Phillip Johnson
{"title":"25. How design protection arises in the united kingdom and the european union","authors":"L. Bently, B. Sherman, D. Gangjee, Phillip Johnson","doi":"10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0025","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter considers the way in which design right comes into being, whether by registration in the case of registered designs in the UK and in the European Union, or automatically in the case of unregistered Community designs. It also discusses the conditions that must be satisfied for an unregistered Community design right to arise, as well as the procedures for applying for national registered design protection in the UK and in the European Union.","PeriodicalId":88929,"journal":{"name":"Marquette intellectual property law review","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86300682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
42. Exploitation and use of trade marks 42. 商标的开发和使用
Marquette intellectual property law review Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0042
L. Bently, B. Sherman, D. Gangjee, Phillip Johnson
{"title":"42. Exploitation and use of trade marks","authors":"L. Bently, B. Sherman, D. Gangjee, Phillip Johnson","doi":"10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0042","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter is concerned with the exploitation and use of trade marks under the Trade Marks Act 1994 and the European Trade Marks Regulation (EUTMR). It first considers the ownership of trade marks and ‘unregistered marks’ and the problems that arise in relation to co-ownership. It then describes the ways in which trade marks and ‘unregistered marks’ can be exploited (self-exploitation, assignment, voluntary licences, compulsory licences, mortgages, testamentary dispositions) as well as the limitations placed on the uses that can be made of a trade mark. Registration of interests and transactions is also discussed, and UK competition law is compared with that in Europe. In addition, the chapter presents a list of terms that are commonly used in trade mark licence agreements and the approach that competition law takes towards them. Finally, it outlines trade mark delimitation agreements.","PeriodicalId":88929,"journal":{"name":"Marquette intellectual property law review","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73687876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
20. Internal requirements for patentability 20.专利性的内部要求
Marquette intellectual property law review Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/HE/9780198769958.003.0020
L. Bently, B. Sherman, D. Gangjee, Phillip Johnson
{"title":"20. Internal requirements for patentability","authors":"L. Bently, B. Sherman, D. Gangjee, Phillip Johnson","doi":"10.1093/HE/9780198769958.003.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/HE/9780198769958.003.0020","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter deals with the internal requirements for patentability (that is, the focus is on the way the patent is drafted). It first discusses the sufficiency of disclosure, with particular reference to the scope of the patent monopoly, the ‘technical contribution’ made by the invention, and whether the invention is disclosed in a manner that is clear and complete enough for it to be performed by a person skilled in the art. It then turns to the form and content of the claims, with emphasis on the clarity and conciseness of the claims, whether they are supported by the description, and whether they relate to one invention. It also considers the requirement that the patent must not be amended to prevent it from acquiring additional subject matter or extending the protection conferred by the patent, along with restrictions on such amendments.","PeriodicalId":88929,"journal":{"name":"Marquette intellectual property law review","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77399376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
27. Grounds for invalidity: novelty, individual character, and relative grounds 27. 无效理由:新颖性、个性和相对理由
Marquette intellectual property law review Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0027
L. Bently, B. Sherman, D. Gangjee, Phillip Johnson
{"title":"27. Grounds for invalidity: novelty, individual character, and relative grounds","authors":"L. Bently, B. Sherman, D. Gangjee, Phillip Johnson","doi":"10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0027","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores the criteria that are applied to determine the validity of a design —whether a registered design in the UK and the European Union or an unregistered Community design: the design must be ‘new’; the design must have ‘individual character’; the applicant or the right holder must be entitled to the protected design; and the design must not conflict with earlier relevant rights (including earlier design applications, copyright, trade mark rights, and rights relating to certain types of emblem). The factors to take into account to determine the novelty of a design, such as prior art, are also considered. The chapter concludes by looking at relative grounds for design invalidity.","PeriodicalId":88929,"journal":{"name":"Marquette intellectual property law review","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75973930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
10. Moral rights 10. 道德上的权利
Marquette intellectual property law review Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0010
L. Bently, B. Sherman, D. Gangjee, Phillip Johnson
{"title":"10. Moral rights","authors":"L. Bently, B. Sherman, D. Gangjee, Phillip Johnson","doi":"10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198769958.003.0010","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focuses on moral rights conferred by the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 on the authors of certain works to protect their non-pecuniary or non-economic interests. It begins by looking at a number of criticisms made about moral rights, followed by a discussion on examples of moral rights, namely: right of attribution or right of paternity, right to object to false attribution, and right of integrity. The issue of copyright infringement in relation to these rights is also considered.","PeriodicalId":88929,"journal":{"name":"Marquette intellectual property law review","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79387689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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