Journal of cardiovascular ultrasound最新文献

{"title":"Would Left Atrial Strain Provide a Role as a New Prognostigator for Atrial Fibrillation?","authors":"Sung-Hee Shin","doi":"10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.18","url":null,"abstract":"REFER TO THE PAGE 20-27 \u0000 \u0000Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice, which increases in prevalence with advancing age. Importantly, AF is associated with increased stroke as well as heart failure and mortality. Accordingly, medical costs related to this arrhythmia have been increasing in modern society \u0000 \u0000Cardiovascular imaging plays a central role in assessing the etiology, pathophysiology and risk stratification in the patients with AF and provides therapeutic guide in certain circumstances.1),2) Undoubtedly, echocardiography is the most widely used tool in evaluating these patients. Evaluation of left atrial (LA) size and function is now feasible in clinical practice. Many studies have utilized volumetric or functional assessment of LA for correlation with or prediction of cardiovascular events such as AF or heart failure.3) However, there is currently no accepted gold standard parameter for evaluation of LA function in contrast to left ventricular function. Conventional parameters such as assessment of phasic atrial activities using LA volumes, transmitral Doppler peak late diastolic velocity and its time velocity integral, LA ejection force and LA appendage function can be used in assessing LA function. More recently, development of new echocardiographic techniques has enhanced the ability to assess myocardial properties in detail.4) Tissue Doppler imaging and strain imaging have been incorporated in evaluating LA global and segmental function, which might provide a better insight into LA function with higher sensitivity. Deformation measurement by speckle tracking can offer advantages over the Doppler-derived measurement given its angle independency and avoidance of tethering by the left ventricle. \u0000 \u0000In this issue of the Journal, Kim et al.5) nicely demonstrated that global LA longitudinal strain by speckle tracking echocardiography can predict AF occurrence in 228 patients with acute ischemic stroke independently of LA size. They suggested global LA longitudinal strain < 14.5% for post-stroke AF development with sensitivity of 60% and specificity of 95%. While the exact pathogenesis of AF still remains unclear, both hemodynamic and non-hemodynamic factors would contribute to AF development. Previous studies have shown that LA strain is a predictor of adverse events over CHA2DS2-VASc score and it can be an important determinant for restoration and maintenance of sinus rhythm by catheter ablation or cardioversion in AF patients.6),7),8) Impaired LA strain can indicate reduced LA compliance or reservoir function and may indirectly reflect high fibrosis content.9) Early detection of LA dysfunction might provide the opportunities to modify the risk and improve clinical outcome. However, the suggested value of LA strain by Kim et al.5) had somewhat low sensitivity to use in clinical practice. Also, global LA strain in this study was lower than other previous data as the authors mentioned in the discussion and ","PeriodicalId":88913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiovascular ultrasound","volume":"24 1","pages":"18-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.18","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34405191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Echocardiographic Assessment of Structural and Hemodynamic Changes in Hypertension-Related Pregnancy.","authors":"Mi-Jeong Kim,&nbsp;Jonggoo Seo,&nbsp;Kyoung-Im Cho,&nbsp;Se-Jung Yoon,&nbsp;Jung-Hyun Choi,&nbsp;Mi-Seung Shin","doi":"10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.28","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pregnancy induces dramatic cardiovascular changes in order to meet the increasing metabolic needs. Adaptive change of left ventricle (LV) might be modified in pregnancy complicated by hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 193 consecutive pregnant women were analyzed. Clinical and echocardiographic data were compared in normotensive and hypertensive women.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significantly higher LV mass indexed by height was observed in hypertensive women compared with normotensive women (84 ± 21 g/m vs. 97 ± 20 g/m, p = 0.001). Diastolic function measured by the ratio of peak velocity of early diastolic transmitral blood flow to early diastolic mitral annular velocity was impaired in hypertensive women (11.0 ± 3.0 vs. 9.2 ± 2.5, p < 0.001). Such change was more prominent in women with gestational hypertension (GH) than those with chronic hypertension (CH). Heavy maternal weight was an independent factor associated with LV hypertrophy (LVH) in both normotensive and hypertensive women. Overt eccentric LVH was more frequent than concentric remodeling/hypertrophy (24% vs. 8.4%) in GH, while the opposite result was observed in CH (14% vs. 23%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hypertensive pregnancy is associated with significant LVH and diastolic dysfunction. CH seems to induce different LV remodeling pattern from GH. Heavy maternal weight during pregnancy might intensify the unfavorable remodeling of LV, particularly in hypertensive pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":88913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiovascular ultrasound","volume":"24 1","pages":"28-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.28","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34405193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress-Induced Cardiomyopathy Presenting as Shock.","authors":"Tae Kyung Yoo,&nbsp;Jong-Young Lee,&nbsp;Ki-Chul Sung,&nbsp;Sam Sae Oh,&nbsp;Young Seok Song,&nbsp;Seung Jae Lee,&nbsp;Kyung Jin Ko","doi":"10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.79","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stress-induced cardiomyopathy has become a more recognized and reported entity. It can be caused by emotional or physical stress, which causes excessive catecholamine release. Typically, the clinical course is benign with conservative treatment being effective. However, stress-induced cardiomyopathy can be fatal. A 41-year-old female presented with cardiogenic shock followed by sudden back pain. Initial echocardiographic finding showed severely decreased ejection fraction with akinesia at all mid-to-apical walls with relatively preserved basal wall contractility. The coronary artery was intact on coronary angiography. Cardiac resuscitation and extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation was needed to manage the cardiogenic shock. Recovery was complete after 2 weeks. </p>","PeriodicalId":88913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiovascular ultrasound","volume":"24 1","pages":"79-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.79","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34406290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rupture of Right Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm into Right Cardiac Chambers: The Role of Different Imaging Modalities.","authors":"Humberto Morais,&nbsp;Miguel Sousa-Uva,&nbsp;Telmo Martins,&nbsp;Valdano Manuel,&nbsp;João Carlos Costa","doi":"10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.84","url":null,"abstract":"A 25-year-old woman with no cardiovascular risk factors was admitted to our hospital with dyspnea and palpitations during the last two months. Physical examination showed blood pressure of 150/50 mm Hg and a continuous murmur across the precordium in cardiac auscultation was observed. The 12 leads electrocardiogram was normal. Chest X-ray showed a slight cardiomegaly. The transthoracic echocardiography revealed dilatation of the right cavities and a rupture of right sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA) into the right atrium (Fig. 1A). The Doppler study (Fig. 1B) and transesophageal echocardiography confirmed the shunt between the right SVA and the right atrium (Fig. 1C and D, Supplementary movie 1 and 2). The rupture of right sinus of Valsalva was also demonstrated by real time 3D transesophageal echocardiography (Fig. 2A, Supplementary movie 3). Unlike transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography which shows shunt between right SVA and right atrium, computed multidetector tomography, showed a communication between the right SVA and right cardiac chambers (right atrium and right ventricle) (blue circle, Fig. 2B). These findings were confirmed during surgery (blue arrow, Fig. 2C), and the fistula was closed (Fig. 2D). The patient's postoperative course was uneventful. The patient was discharged on the sixth post-operative day. At two years follow-up, the patient remains asymptomatic. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Fig. 1 \u0000 \u0000A: Transthoracic echocardiography, parasternal short axis view at level of great vessels, revealed rupture of right sinus of Valsalva into the right atrium (asterisk). B, C, and D: Transesophageal echocardiography and color Doppler study confirming the ... \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Fig. 2 \u0000 \u0000A: Real time 3D transesophageal echocardiography, in zoom mode, showing rupture of right sinus of Valsalva into the right atrium (blue arrow). B: Computed multidetector tomography showing communication between the right sinus of Valsalva and right cardiac ... \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000SVA are rare but well known congenital anomalies. They occur three times more often in males with highest incidence in Asian populations. They commonly rupture into the right ventricle or right atrium,1) rarely into the both right cardiac chambers as was observed in case presented herein. Moreover, in Africa the main complication of the SVA is the dissection into ventricular septum.2) \u0000 \u0000Since the first echocardiographic description of SVA by Rothbaum et al.3) in 1974, the echocardiography plays a pivotal role in the definitive diagnosis aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva. However, in recent years several papers have been published emphasizing the use of other imaging modalities for diagnosis of this heart condition.4),5) According to several reports, the diagnosis of SVA was made at echocardiography in 90% of cases. In present case the multidetector tomography gave more precise information showing a rare type of rupture of SVA-rupture into right cardiac chambers, and the role of multidetector tomography as addition","PeriodicalId":88913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiovascular ultrasound","volume":"24 1","pages":"84-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.84","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34406291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodality Imaging in Coronary Artery Disease: Focus on Computed Tomography.","authors":"Ji Hyun Lee,&nbsp;Donghee Han,&nbsp;Ibrahim Danad,&nbsp;Bríain Ó Hartaigh,&nbsp;Fay Y Lin,&nbsp;James K Min","doi":"10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, and various cardiovascular imaging modalities have been introduced for the purpose of diagnosing and determining the severity of CAD. More recently, advances in computed tomography (CT) technology have contributed to the widespread clinical application of cardiac CT for accurate and noninvasive evaluation of CAD. In this review, we focus on imaging assessment of CAD based upon CT, which includes coronary artery calcium screening, coronary CT angiography, myocardial CT perfusion, and fractional flow reserve CT. Further, we provide a discussion regarding the potential implications, benefits and limitations, as well as the possible future directions according to each modality. </p>","PeriodicalId":88913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiovascular ultrasound","volume":"24 1","pages":"7-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34405190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Letter Regarding Article, \"Biventricular Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Associated with Epilepsy\".","authors":"Ji Yeon Hong","doi":"10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.88","url":null,"abstract":"We appreciated the interest of you in our case report.1) Fortunately, we had the previous electrocardiogram (ECG) checked in another hospital 7 years ago, in which there was no Q-waves in leads V1–3 and normal amplitude QRS complexes in limb leads (Fig. 1). Until discharge, we checked the serial ECGs and the ECG of her 2 days of hospitalization started to develop T-wave inversion in leads V5–6 and QT prolongation. The last ECG in our hospital showed persistent low QRS voltages in limb leads and T-wave inversions and QT prolongation in leads V4–6. Also, we found that Q-waves in leads V1–3 lasted despite disappearance of ST segment elevations in V1–3 (Fig. 2). I do not have much clinical experience and have not yet met the patient with recurrent Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) and forme fruste cases of TTS.2) I agree with the idea that the patients with recurrent chest pain and/or dyspnea and normal coronary artery can be diagnosed as TTS. It is not feasible to evaluate the echocardiography as soon as developed chest pain and/or dyspnea, \"smartphone-based technology\" is considered a very useful for diagnosis of unexplained chest pain and/or dyspnea especially in Korea, because Korea is one of the countries with the highest smartphone penetration in the world.3) \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Fig. 1 \u0000 \u0000An electrocardiogram taken 7 years ago. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Fig. 2 \u0000 \u0000An electrocardiogram obtained before hospital discharge.","PeriodicalId":88913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiovascular ultrasound","volume":"24 1","pages":"88-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.88","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34406293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Multiple Cardiac Myxomas in a Patient without the Carney Complex.","authors":"Shohei Kataoka,&nbsp;Masato Otsuka,&nbsp;Masayuki Goto,&nbsp;Mitsuru Kahata,&nbsp;Asako Kumagai,&nbsp;Koji Inoue,&nbsp;Hiroshi Koganei,&nbsp;Kenji Enta,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Ishii","doi":"10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.71","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiac tumors are rare, and multiple myxomas are even rarer. The latter phenomenon is mostly associated with the Carney complex, a dominantly inherited disease characterized by multiple primary cardiac myxomas, endocrinopathy, and spotty pigmentation of the skin. We report the rare case of a patient who did not have the Carney complex but had multiple primary cardiac tumors. A 78-year-old woman with a past history of breast cancer was referred to our hospital for further examination of multiple cardiac tumors. Echocardiography showed 4 tumors in the left atrium and left ventricle. We could not diagnose them preoperatively and decided to resect them surgically because they were mobile and could have caused embolism and obstruction. The postoperative pathological findings of all 4 tumors were myxomas, although the patient did not meet the diagnostic criteria of the Carney complex. Therefore, a rare case of multiple primary cardiac myxomas was diagnosed. </p>","PeriodicalId":88913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiovascular ultrasound","volume":"24 1","pages":"71-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.71","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34406288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pneumopericardium: A Rare Complication of Pericardiocentesis.","authors":"Slama Iskander,&nbsp;Hidoud Amar,&nbsp;Boudes Audrey,&nbsp;Devemy Fabien","doi":"10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.55","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pneumopericardium is defined by the presence of air in the pericardial cavity. It is a rare entity occurring most commonly after trauma. Pneumopericardium resulting after pericardiocentesis is even rarer. We report a case of 46-year-old man, with end-stage renal disease on chronic hemodialysis and who developed a large circumferential pericardial effusion of 40 mm in diastole with swinging heart and diastolic right atrium collapse requiring pericardiocentesis. Few days after, the patient complained of pleuritic chest pain and echocardiogram revealed several tiny sparkling echogenic spots swirling in the pericardial sac. Computed tomography scans revealed a marked anterior pneumopericardium that was conservatively managed. </p>","PeriodicalId":88913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiovascular ultrasound","volume":"24 1","pages":"55-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.55","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34405197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abnormal Myocardial Blood Flow Reserve Observed in Cardiac Amyloidosis.","authors":"Michael Chi Yuan Nam,&nbsp;Karen Nel,&nbsp;Roxy Senior,&nbsp;Kim Greaves","doi":"10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.64","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We performed real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography on a patient with cardiac amyloidosis and previous normal coronary angiography presenting with atypical chest pain to assess myocardial blood flow reserve (MBFR). Myocardial contrast echocardiography was performed and flash microbubble destruction and replenishment analysis was used to calculate myocardial blood flow. Dipyridamole was used to achieve hyperemia. MBFR was derived from the ratio of peak myocardial blood flow at hyperemia and rest. The results show a marked reduction in MBFR in our patient. Previous reports of luminal obstruction of intramyocardial rather than epicardial vessels by amyloid deposition may be causing microvascular dysfunction. </p>","PeriodicalId":88913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiovascular ultrasound","volume":"24 1","pages":"64-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.64","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34406286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Clinical Significance of Separate Measurements of Carotid Arterial Wall to Assess the Risk Factor for Atherosclerosis.","authors":"Ji-Hoon Kim,&nbsp;Ho-Joong Youn,&nbsp;Gee-Hee Kim,&nbsp;Keon-Woong Moon,&nbsp;Ki-Dong Yoo,&nbsp;Chul-Min Kim","doi":"10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.48","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is associated with several risk factors for atherosclerosis and has been consistently linked to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. The clinical significance of separate measurements of CIMT, which is the sum of the intima (IT) and media thickness (MT), to use as an assessment of risk for atherosclerosis has not yet been fully established.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Among 3377 patients who underwent B-mode ultrasound of carotid arteries and coronary angiography in the Medical Department of St. Mary's Hospital from September 2003 to March 2009, 1146 subjects (M:F = 616:530; mean age, 57.7 ± 12.1 years) who were diagnosed with normal coronary arteries were enrolled in this study. IT, MT, and CIMT of the enrolled patients were manually measured using high-frequency ultrasonography (15 MHz linear array transducer).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In multivariate logistic regression analysis, age (β = 0.063, p < 0.0001), body mass index (BMI) (β = 0.028, p = 0.018), and hypertension (HTN) (β = 0.046, p = 0.0002) were associated with MT (R(2) = 0.256) and the IT/MT ratio (R(2) = 0.209). Age (β = 0.065, p < 0.0001), BMI (β = 0.025, p = 0.038), hemoglobin A1c (β = 0.045, p = 0.045), and HTN (β = 0.043, p = 0.0006) correlated with mean CIMT (R(2) = 0.230). Age (β = -0.071, p < 0.0001) and BMI (β = -0.046, p = 0.002) were associated with the IT/MT ratio (R(2) = 0.219) on the left side. Age (β = 0.093, p < 0.0001) was related to MT (R(2) = 0.265) and mean CIMT (R(2) = 0.243) on the left side.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We noted different atherosclerotic risk factors were related to measurements of the arterial wall in different ways. Therefore, separate measurements of CIMT might be a useful method to assess the risk for atherosclerosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":88913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cardiovascular ultrasound","volume":"24 1","pages":"48-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4250/jcu.2016.24.1.48","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34405196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}