{"title":"How to Change Economics 101","authors":"J. Komlos","doi":"10.1080/05775132.2021.1932135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05775132.2021.1932135","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the view of Samuel Bowles and Wendy Carlin, macroeconomics 101 requires serious changes. They advocate instead the use of the new CORE textbook, The Economy, to which they contributed. The author suggests additional concepts to introduce to students at the beginning level for a balanced sense of the workings of the economic system, in this comprehensive analysis.","PeriodicalId":88850,"journal":{"name":"Challenge (Atlanta, Ga.)","volume":"5 1","pages":"182 - 219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84326287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Full Employment, as the Hearth of the Cultural Economics of Orban","authors":"R. Skidelsky, Dániel Oláh","doi":"10.1080/05775132.2021.1950448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05775132.2021.1950448","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The authors take a novel look at recent Hungarian economic policy achievements of Orban governments. Compared to the Hungarian economic policies of the 2000s and the decades after 1989 up to 2010, Orbanomics is a successful macroeconomic and social development strategy. Its measures are not simply improvisatory elements, but constitute a new framework of policymaking, what we call culturally embedded economic policymaking. Its political pedigree and context is briefly outlined. The past 10 years of Orbanomics provides an underresearched policy laboratory, in which the application of a wide-scale job guarantee program or a growth-friendly, inclusive stabilization building on the balanced budget multiplier can be studied.","PeriodicalId":88850,"journal":{"name":"Challenge (Atlanta, Ga.)","volume":"21 1","pages":"243 - 278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87281833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"U.S. Trade and Friedrich List","authors":"John Meszaros","doi":"10.1080/05775132.2021.1950447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05775132.2021.1950447","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The free-trade policy that has been dominant since the late 1960s has been criticized from across the political spectrum. Policymakers are starting to turn against the idea that the government can and should do nothing about trade. This article examines U.S. trade policy from the perspective of Friedrich List’s work The National System of Political Economy and argues that it is time for the U.S. to reexamine how trade has been conducted for the last 40 years.","PeriodicalId":88850,"journal":{"name":"Challenge (Atlanta, Ga.)","volume":"1 1","pages":"220 - 228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82505881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Balanced Keynesianism and Its Application to Cutting the Trade Deficits","authors":"Dr. Vladimir A. Masch","doi":"10.1080/05775132.2021.1912986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05775132.2021.1912986","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the twenty-first century, the goals of mankind are evolving from raising near-term prosperity to unlimited term sustainable survival of mankind in an acceptable state. This is bound to lead to a scientific revolution—a paradigm shift. A return to the generalized ideas of Keynes must be an integral part of that shift. I propose that the Keynes’s approach to economics must be complemented by imposing (Pigovian) taxes on negative externalities. The resulting “Balanced Keynesianism” (BK) in international trade is “Compensated Free Trade” (CFT), which should be unilaterally imposed by the US government on each of its mercantilist trading partners. It easily wins in comparison with other proposed methods of cutting the trade deficit. Under CFT, a limit is imposed on export revenues of each trading partner. As we shall see, it is the only methodology that allows large-scale and fast US deficits cutting, while automatically preventing trade wars and repercussions. CFT allows having the nation-state, democracy, and globalization at the same time.","PeriodicalId":88850,"journal":{"name":"Challenge (Atlanta, Ga.)","volume":"55 1","pages":"100 - 116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90891342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Letter from the Editor","authors":"J. Madrick","doi":"10.1080/05775132.2021.1932380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05775132.2021.1932380","url":null,"abstract":"Is it over, asks Tom Petterson. As Donald Trump blackened Washington on his way out of town, pundits lauded the end of Trumpism’s hold on the Republican Party. What they failed to see is that Trumpism is merely a reckless version of what Republicanism has been for some time. In the twenty-first century, the goals of mankind are evolving from raising near-term prosperity to unlimited term sustainable survival of mankind in an acceptable state. This is bound to lead to a scientific revolution—a paradigm shift. A return to the generalized ideas of Keynes must be an integral part of that shift. Vladmir Masch proposes that the Keynes’s approach to economics must be complemented by imposing (Pigovian) taxes on negative externalities. The resulting “Balanced Keynesianism” (BK) in international trade is “Compensated Free Trade” (CFT), which should be unilaterally imposed by the US government on each of its mercantilist trading partners. It easily wins in comparison with other proposed methods of cutting the trade deficit. Under CFT, a limit is imposed on export revenues of each trading partner. As we shall see, it is the only methodology that allows large-scale and fast US deficits cutting, while automatically preventing trade wars and repercussions. CFT allows having the nation-state, democracy, and globalization at the same time. Recent studies show that inadequate knowledge and understanding about the SARS-CoV2 and COVID-19 by many people has contributed significantly to fueling the conspiracy theories and misinformation about the pandemic. This challenge further impacts people’s behavior against public health guidelines in observing social distancing, wearing a facial mask, or self-isolation if exposed to imminent threats. Our authors, use visual presentation and theoretical narratives to explain the science and conceptual structure of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. The paper also shows a visualization of the connections between the ongoing pandemic and previous coronavirus outbreaks and epidemics. Cooperatively operated businesses, where worker-owners vote democratically on the direction of the enterprise, represents an alternative to the prevailing capitalist model of employer ownership. Mondragon, one of the most famous cooperative businesses, was incubated from a technical college. Despite this precedent, trade education seems to be underappreciated in the national movement for cooperative enterprise. Our authors sketch an institutional design for teacher-owned technical colleges that foster student engagement in cooperative enterprise. Practical challenges to the cooperative technical college are also briefly addressed. Cleomar Gomes da Silva and Albert Fishlow investigate the policies adopted by Brazil after the 2008 financial crisis. It was called the New Macroeconomic Matrix (NMM). They to detail the main measures related to NMM; analyze what causes the Great Brazilian Recession was caused by internal factors (NMM actions) or by external factors; a","PeriodicalId":88850,"journal":{"name":"Challenge (Atlanta, Ga.)","volume":"30 1","pages":"87 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85196219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Role of Technical Colleges in the Future of Cooperative Enterprise","authors":"Richard Davis","doi":"10.1080/05775132.2021.1912980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05775132.2021.1912980","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cooperatively operated businesses, where worker-owners vote democratically on the direction of the enterprise, represents an alternative to the prevailing capitalist model of employer ownership. Mondragon, one of the most famous cooperative businesses, was incubated from a technical college. Despite this precedent, trade education seems to be underappreciated in the national movement for cooperative enterprise. This article sketches an institutional design and considers practical challenges for teacher-owned technical colleges that foster student engagement in cooperative enterprise.","PeriodicalId":88850,"journal":{"name":"Challenge (Atlanta, Ga.)","volume":"417 1","pages":"132 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84909741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Republican Death Rattle","authors":"T. Patterson","doi":"10.1080/05775132.2021.1881295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05775132.2021.1881295","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract As Donald Trump blackened Washington on his way out of town, pundits lauded the end of Trumpism’s hold on the Republican Party. What they failed to see is that Trumpism is merely a reckless version of what Republicanism has been for some time.","PeriodicalId":88850,"journal":{"name":"Challenge (Atlanta, Ga.)","volume":"27 1","pages":"89 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84555418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Overcoming the Challenge of Communicating the Concept and Science of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 to Non-Experts","authors":"I. Akpan, O. G. Aguolu, Izuchukwu C. Ezeume","doi":"10.1080/05775132.2021.1912984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05775132.2021.1912984","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Recent studies show that inadequate knowledge and understanding about the SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 by many people has contributed significantly to fueling the conspiracy theories and misinformation about the pandemic. This challenge further impacts people’s behavior against public health guidelines in observing social distancing, wearing a facial mask, or self-isolation if exposed to imminent threats. This article attempts to use visual presentation and theoretical narratives to explain the science and conceptual structure of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. The paper also shows a visualization of the connections between the ongoing pandemic and previous coronavirus outbreaks and epidemics.","PeriodicalId":88850,"journal":{"name":"Challenge (Atlanta, Ga.)","volume":"30 1","pages":"117 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88525590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Benedikter, Carlos Cruz Infante, Miguel Zlosilo
{"title":"The Future of Democracy in Chile","authors":"R. Benedikter, Carlos Cruz Infante, Miguel Zlosilo","doi":"10.1080/05775132.2021.1881294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05775132.2021.1881294","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The situation in Chile after the Constitutional Referendum of October 2020 posits the question: Where is the country headed? Is this the end of a long transition from “adolescent” neoliberal democracy to “mature” welfare democracy—or the start of a new era of uncertainty? Without substantial improvements of the constitutional reform process, its building stones and surrounding conditions, the country is not ready for a systemic transition in reconciliatory and secure manners.","PeriodicalId":88850,"journal":{"name":"Challenge (Atlanta, Ga.)","volume":"64 1","pages":"172 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78313691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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