Vascular disease prevention最新文献

{"title":"Auditory Brainstem Responses & Nerve Conduction Velocity in Essential Hypertension","authors":"Shilpa Khullar, N. Gupta, R. Babbar","doi":"10.2174/1567270000906010051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567270000906010051","url":null,"abstract":"Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABRs) is an electrophysiologic technique that represents the synchronized ac- tivity of the brainstem and the auditory nerve. Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) is part of electrodiagnostic procedures that help in evaluating the type and degree of abnormalities of the peripheral nerves. The aim of our study was to assess whether central or peripheral nerves are involved in hypertensive patients. 20 patients of primary hypertension were se- lected between the ages of 40-60 years of either sex along with 20 age- and sex-matched normotensives. ABRs along with NCV, both sensory and motor components of the median nerve were performed using standard techniques. Auditory threshold increased significantly in the hypertensive group compared with controls (p < 0.05). There was a significant pro- longation of absolute peak latencies of waves I, II and V and interpeak latency III-V. However, no significant difference was observed in the NCV between the hypertensives and controls. We conclude that there was a significant correlation of rise in systolic and diastolic blood pressure with absolute peak latencies of ABRs in hypertensive patients. However, no significant difference in nerve conduction velocity was seen.","PeriodicalId":88793,"journal":{"name":"Vascular disease prevention","volume":"6 1","pages":"51-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67888727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usefulness of a Diluted Prothrombin Time for Accurately Diagnosing Antiphospholipid Syndrome","authors":"K. Nakai, H. Wada, K. Nakatani, Y. Kamikura, Takeshi Mastumoto, Toshihiko Kobayashi, Harue Tonomura, Y. Tono, Mariko Ohyabu, S. Ota, N. Yamada, Yuri Besho, Eri Yamada, M. Ikejiri, Y. Abe, T. Nobori","doi":"10.2174/1567270000906010025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567270000906010025","url":null,"abstract":"The usefulness of lupus anticoagulant (LA) and several antibodies for predicting thrombosis was assessed in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), lupus like disease (LLD), recurrent abortion and primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). LA was measured using the diluted Russell Viper Venom test (DRVVT) and the diluted prothrombin time (dPT). In healthy volunteers, the median (range) of the DRVVT and dPT ratio were 0.97 (0.88 - 1.08) and 1.05 (0.85 - 1.29), re- spectively. The positive percent of dPT ratio was high in patients with ITP, SLE, recurrent abortion and primary APS. The sensitivity for thrombosis was highest for the dPT ratio and the specificity for thrombosis was highest for the DRVVT ra- tio. The sensitivity and the Odd's ratio for both the dPT and DRVVT ratio were high. A positive predictive value in DRVVT and a negative predictive value in dPT were high. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis in- dicates that the dPT ratio might be more useful for predicting thrombosis than the DRVVT ratio. The DRVVT and dPT ratios are useful for both the diagnosis of APS as well as predicting thrombosis.","PeriodicalId":88793,"journal":{"name":"Vascular disease prevention","volume":"6 1","pages":"25-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67889164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Risk by Gender in an Italian Pilot Study","authors":"E. Matteucci, O. Giampietro","doi":"10.2174/1567270000906010009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567270000906010009","url":null,"abstract":"Part of the international variation in the gender differences in total mortality remains unexplained. Although a continuous decrease in age-standardised death rates was observed in Italy, the difference between male and female rates became relatively small or even reversed (as the rate for ischaemic heart diseases). We performed an extensive evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors - demographic and clinical characteristics, biochemi- cal parameters, and oxidative biomarkers - in a sample of healthy subjects (94 women and 75 men) from Central Italy and analysed their relationship with the response to ergometer exercise. In addition to a proportion of smokers similar to that observed in men, a clustering of peculiar female cardiovascular risk factors emerged. This included: higher platelet counts, low participation in leisure-time aerobic physical activities, hyper- tensive response to exercise (BMI-dependent, unlike in men), and low fraction of heart rate reserve. Physical inactivity and high serum IL-6 levels were independently predictive of having both chronotropic incompetence and abnormal heart rate recovery.","PeriodicalId":88793,"journal":{"name":"Vascular disease prevention","volume":"6 1","pages":"9-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67889086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebrovascular Disease and its Relationship to Other Vascular Beds: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature","authors":"J. Slark, Pankaj Sharma","doi":"10.2174/1567270000906010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567270000906010001","url":null,"abstract":"Atherothrombosis, ischaemic heart disease (IHD), cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and peripheral arterial dis- ease (PAD) are a major cause of mortality and are predicted to be the leading cause of death world-wide by 2020. It is now recognised that CVD is part of a family of atherothrombotic diseases such as PAD and IHD. However, despite receiving contemporary evidence-based preventative drug therapy, patients with established arterial disease and those with multiple risk factors for atherothrombosis both experience high cardiovascular (CV) event rates with a 4.7% yearly rate of hard events. People with symptomatic atherosclerosis in 1 vascular bed are at a higher risk of subsequent events in other beds, e.g. patients who suffer a stroke are at a high risk of going on to suffer a coronary event, with a 10 year CV event risk of 42.8%. These findings support the need for increased awareness among physicians and patients for the amount of vascular cross-risk that is related to the overlap between the various beds of atherothrombosis. Atherothrombosis in stroke patients should be considered as a global arterial disease. We present a systematic review of the literature relating to the risk of non-cerebral (especially sub-clinical) atherothrombotic events in ischaemic stroke pa- tients.","PeriodicalId":88793,"journal":{"name":"Vascular disease prevention","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67888957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting women's heart health by screening for vascular risk factors among middle-aged women: methods and baseline results from a preventive trial","authors":"P. Rantanen, J. Julkunen, H. Vanhanen","doi":"10.2174/1567270000906010017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567270000906010017","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this trial was to test the feasibility of a screening method based on the well-known risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and to evaluate the efficacy of 2 preventive strategies to lower the level of risk factors. Par- ticipants (n = 755) were female employees contacted during their health check visit at the age of 40, 45, 50, or 55 years. The risk-index consisted of body mass index, total serum cholesterol level, blood pressure, smoking and exercise activity. Psychosocial factors (e.g. vital exhaustion, optimism-hopelessness) were assessed with self-report questionnaires. High- risk women were invited to participate in a preventive intervention. Simple crossover design was used to evaluate the effi- cacy of personal feedback and health education as compared with feedback and group-based intervention programme. Fol- low-ups were completed at 6 and 12 months. Nearly one third (29.0 %) of the participants scored over the previously es- tablished risk-limit. Indicators of negative affectivity, i.e. vital exhaustion and hopelessness, associated significantly with the risk index after controlling for age and education. The feasibility of the screening method in an occupational health care setting proved to be good. The proportion of high-risk women was higher than expected but remained clearly lower than the 41 % prevalence in corresponding male cohorts. Results suggest that the screening method offers a good starting point for prevention.","PeriodicalId":88793,"journal":{"name":"Vascular disease prevention","volume":"6 1","pages":"17-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67889111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vasculoprotective Effects of Apolipoprotein Mimetic Peptides: An Evolving Paradigm In Hdl Therapy (Vascular Disease Prevention, In Press.).","authors":"C Roger White, Geeta Datta, Paulina Mochon, Zhenghao Zhang, Ollie Kelly, Christine Curcio, Dale Parks, Mayakonda Palgunachari, Shaila Handattu, Himanshu Gupta, David W Garber, G M Anantharamaiah","doi":"10.2174/1567270000906010122","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1567270000906010122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anti-atherogenic effects of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and its major protein component apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) are principally thought to be due to their ability to mediate reverse cholesterol transport. These agents also possess anti-oxidant properties that prevent the oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein (LDL) and anti-inflammatory properties that include inhibition of endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression. Results of the Framingham study revealed that a reduction in HDL levels is an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). Accordingly, there has been considerable interest in developing new therapies that specifically elevate HDL cholesterol. However, recent evidence suggests that increasing circulating HDL cholesterol levels alone is not sufficient as a mode of HDL therapy. Rather, therapeutic approaches that increase the functional properties of HDL may be superior to simply raising the levels of HDL per se. Our laboratory has pioneered the development of synthetic, apolipoprotein mimetic peptides which are structurally and functionally similar to apoA-I but possess unique structural homology to the lipid-associating domains of apoA-I. The apoA-I mimetic peptide 4F inhibits atherogenic lesion formation in murine models of atherosclerosis. This effect is related to the ability of 4F to induce the formation of pre-β HDL particles that are enriched in apoA-I and paraoxonase. 4F also possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties that are independent of its effect on HDL quality per se. Recent studies suggest that 4F stimulates the expression of the antioxidant enzymes heme oxygenase and superoxide dismutase and inhibits superoxide anion formation in blood vessels of diabetic, hypercholesterolemic and sickle cell disease mice. The goal of this review is to discuss HDL-dependent and -independent mechanisms by which apoA-I mimetic peptides reduce vascular injury in experimental animal models.</p>","PeriodicalId":88793,"journal":{"name":"Vascular disease prevention","volume":"6 ","pages":"122-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2806689/pdf/nihms120541.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28656804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protection by Natural Honey Against Hyperhomocysteinemia in Rats","authors":"S. El-Saleh","doi":"10.2174/1567270000603010044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567270000603010044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88793,"journal":{"name":"Vascular disease prevention","volume":"30 1","pages":"313-318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67885851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA) and Cardiovascular Disease","authors":"S. Ueda, S. Yamagishi, Utako Kaneyuki, S. Okuda","doi":"10.2174/1567270000603010041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567270000603010041","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88793,"journal":{"name":"Vascular disease prevention","volume":"3 1","pages":"291-295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67885574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis of Vulnerable Plaque and Vulnerable Patient by Coronary Angioscopy and Multi-detector Row Computed Tomography (MDCT) — From Invasive to Non-invasive Plaque Imaging","authors":"S. Komatsu, Y. Ueda, Y. Omori, A. Hirayama, K. Kodama","doi":"10.2174/1567270000603010045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567270000603010045","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88793,"journal":{"name":"Vascular disease prevention","volume":"3 1","pages":"319-325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67885679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrin signaling networks in the pathobiology of vascular smooth muscle cells","authors":"G. Thakker, K. Wary","doi":"10.2174/1567270000603010039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567270000603010039","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88793,"journal":{"name":"Vascular disease prevention","volume":"3 1","pages":"275-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67885551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}