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The growing role of ultrasonography in evaluating children after urinary tract infection 超声检查在儿童尿路感染后评价中的作用越来越大
Pediatric health Pub Date : 2010-03-30 DOI: 10.2217/PHE.10.7
T. K. Levart, D. Ključevšek, G. Novljan, R. Kenda
{"title":"The growing role of ultrasonography in evaluating children after urinary tract infection","authors":"T. K. Levart, D. Ključevšek, G. Novljan, R. Kenda","doi":"10.2217/PHE.10.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/PHE.10.7","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this review is to advocate the use of ultrasonography (US) techniques in the work-up of children after a urinary tract infection (UTI). Currently, two major approaches are recognized. The first approach recommends looking for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in all children following a UTI. New techniques have been developed where, in the majority of cases, x-ray voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) is first substituted with radionuclide voiding cystography, and finally with echo-enhanced voiding urosonography, and this presented a significant improvement in diminishing the radiation burden on patients; yet there remained the drawback that catheterization is still necessary with all of these techniques. The introduction of catheter-free procedures would be a ‘final solution’, but these are yet to be validated. The second approach recommends screening for scars (mostly using a dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scan), while cystographies (preferably VCUG) are only performed in cases in which renal scarri...","PeriodicalId":88627,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health","volume":"4 1","pages":"227-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/PHE.10.7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68243643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Pediatric cardiac care: efficiency with limited resources 儿童心脏护理:有限资源下的效率
Pediatric health Pub Date : 2010-03-30 DOI: 10.2217/PHE.10.11
S. Kothari
{"title":"Pediatric cardiac care: efficiency with limited resources","authors":"S. Kothari","doi":"10.2217/PHE.10.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/PHE.10.11","url":null,"abstract":"Health is a fundamental right of human beings. Healthy children are a natural expectation of every society, yet in a vast segment of the global population, children with heart disease suffer from serious morbidity and mortality owing to the lack of materials available and human resources. How best to serve the needs of such children is a challenge. This article attempts to provide a perspective on pediatric healthcare delivery in the limited resource setting.","PeriodicalId":88627,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health","volume":"4 1","pages":"177-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/PHE.10.11","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68241834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Consulting with young people about healthcare. Part I: experience of the hospital environment 向年轻人咨询医疗保健问题。第一部分:医院环境体验
Pediatric health Pub Date : 2010-03-30 DOI: 10.2217/PHE.10.14
Sian Mckenzie, S. Norrish, L. Parker, I. Frampton
{"title":"Consulting with young people about healthcare. Part I: experience of the hospital environment","authors":"Sian Mckenzie, S. Norrish, L. Parker, I. Frampton","doi":"10.2217/PHE.10.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/PHE.10.14","url":null,"abstract":"The NHS policy in the UK recommends that the built hospital environment should cater for the needs of younger and older children, adolescents and carers. However, previous studies have indicated that addressing the needs of such a wide age range is a challenge, and that the hospital design and systems are typically more appropriate for children of a younger age rather than adolescents. The aim of the present study was to explore how adolescents, who had not been regular patients, experience the hospital environment and their interactions with staff. Using qualitative methodology, we explore the responses of four young individuals who participated in an innovative filmed hospital intervention study documentary. Results suggest that a pediatric ward designed specifically for adolescents was experienced positively by participants. Other areas of the hospital serving a wide age range of patients (e.g., the emergency and radiography departments) were not experienced as positively. Implications for hospital des...","PeriodicalId":88627,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health","volume":"4 1","pages":"157-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/PHE.10.14","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68241918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Skepticism to vaccines: enough already? 对疫苗的怀疑:够了吗?
Pediatric health Pub Date : 2010-03-30 DOI: 10.2217/PHE.10.6
P. Rosenthal
{"title":"Skepticism to vaccines: enough already?","authors":"P. Rosenthal","doi":"10.2217/PHE.10.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/PHE.10.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88627,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health","volume":"4 1","pages":"121-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/PHE.10.6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68243479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Interventional studies for polycystic ovarian syndrome in children and adolescents. 儿童和青少年多囊卵巢综合征的介入研究。
Pediatric health Pub Date : 2010-02-01 DOI: 10.2217/phe.09.69
Patricia Myriam Vuguin
{"title":"Interventional studies for polycystic ovarian syndrome in children and adolescents.","authors":"Patricia Myriam Vuguin","doi":"10.2217/phe.09.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/phe.09.69","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by chronic anovulation, clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism, which can be associated with altered insulin action. Symptoms usually begin around menarche, but onset after puberty may also occur as a result of environmental modifiers such as weight gain. The consequences of PCOS extend beyond the reproductive axis; there is a substantial risk for development of metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities similar to the metabolic syndrome. Currently, the treatment is targeted to the patient's primary complaint such as hirsutism, restoration of regular menses or pregnancy. Pharmacological agents available for the treatment of hirsutism include androgen suppressors and peripheral androgen blockers. Recently, our understanding of the role of insulin resistance has led to the use of insulin-sensitizing medications as first-choice therapy. In conjunction with weight reduction and exercise, a pharmacologic reduction in insulin levels by either metformin or thiazolidinediones ameliorates both hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenism.</p>","PeriodicalId":88627,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health","volume":"4 1","pages":"59-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/phe.09.69","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29132014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the pediatric populations: prevalence and clinical outcomes. 25-羟基维生素D在儿科人群中的低水平:患病率和临床结果
Pediatric health Pub Date : 2010-02-01 DOI: 10.2217/phe.09.72
Michal L Melamed, Juhi Kumar
{"title":"Low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the pediatric populations: prevalence and clinical outcomes.","authors":"Michal L Melamed,&nbsp;Juhi Kumar","doi":"10.2217/phe.09.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/phe.09.72","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamin D deficiency is becoming increasingly common in the USA. In this review we provide estimates of the prevalence of deficiency, and review the risk factors and the evidence of clinical consequences of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency causes the pediatric disease rickets. In addition, there is some evidence that vitamin D deficiency may lead to other diseases including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, infections, asthma and dyslipidemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":88627,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health","volume":"4 1","pages":"89-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/phe.09.72","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29008411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 42
Identification and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders: an update 自闭症谱系障碍的识别和诊断：最新进展
Pediatric health Pub Date : 2010-01-25 DOI: 10.2217/PHE.09.64
G. Pasco
{"title":"Identification and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders: an update","authors":"G. Pasco","doi":"10.2217/PHE.09.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/PHE.09.64","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past two decades knowledge of and interest in autism has increased dramatically amongst both medical professionals and the wider public, and the relatively heterogeneous nature of the autism spectrum has become widely accepted. The expansion of the concept of the autism spectrum and the consequent rise in the number of people diagnosed with autism has led to controversy as to whether the true incidence of autism is on the increase or whether better diagnostic practice means that previously unidentified cases are no longer missed. Whereas autism is predominantly understood in dimensional terms today, the most authoritative definitions of autism and the diagnostic instruments used clinically and in research are still linked to a more categorical framework. Recently, there has been much interest in the early identification and diagnosis of autism, although the utility of universal early screening for autism spectrum disorders has not yet been demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":88627,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health","volume":"4 1","pages":"107-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/PHE.09.64","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68241720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Should we screen preterm infants for nephrocalcinosis? An evidence-based decision 我们应该筛查早产儿肾钙质沉着症吗?循证决策
Pediatric health Pub Date : 2010-01-25 DOI: 10.2217/PHE.10.1
S. Premji, M. Kamaluddeen
{"title":"Should we screen preterm infants for nephrocalcinosis? An evidence-based decision","authors":"S. Premji, M. Kamaluddeen","doi":"10.2217/PHE.10.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/PHE.10.1","url":null,"abstract":"Nephrocalcinosis is increasingly recognized in premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit based on ultrasound findings of increased echogenicity in medullary pyramids. Nephrolithiasis with obstruction of the urinary tract, urinary tract infection and hematuria may occur in the short-term, and renal dysfunction (e.g., glomerulus, proximal tubules and distal tubules), hypercalciuria, decreased growth of the kidney and hypertension may occur in the long-term. The primary goal of this review is to use the WHO’s screening criteria to determine whether nephrocalcinosis is a suitable condition for screening. The scientific, medical, economic and ethical merit of screening premature infants for nephrocalcinosis is appraised to answer the following question, “should preterm infants be screened for nephrocalcinosis?”","PeriodicalId":88627,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health","volume":"7 1","pages":"25-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/PHE.10.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68241736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Pediatric cancer survivorship: is our work nearly done or just beginning? 儿童癌症幸存者:我们的工作即将完成还是刚刚开始?
Pediatric health Pub Date : 2010-01-25 DOI: 10.2217/PHE.09.62
M. Hudson
{"title":"Pediatric cancer survivorship: is our work nearly done or just beginning?","authors":"M. Hudson","doi":"10.2217/PHE.09.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/PHE.09.62","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88627,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health","volume":"4 1","pages":"5-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/PHE.09.62","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68241691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Galsulfase: enzyme therapy for mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome) 半乳糖硫酸酶:治疗粘多糖病(Maroteaux-Lamy综合征)的酶疗法
Pediatric health Pub Date : 2010-01-25 DOI: 10.2217/PHE.09.71
G. Pastores
{"title":"Galsulfase: enzyme therapy for mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome)","authors":"G. Pastores","doi":"10.2217/PHE.09.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/PHE.09.71","url":null,"abstract":"Galsulfase is a recombinant formulation of the lysosomal enzyme N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase, which is deficient in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (MPS-VI; also known as Maroteaux–Lamy syndrome). Regular intravenous infusion of galsulfase has been shown to facilitate the clearance of dermatan sulfate, the major storage material found in the tissues of patients with MPS-VI. Associated improvements in endurance, joint range of motion and pulmonary function were observed; with variability in response, partly influenced by disease severity prior to the initiation of treatment. Treatments were well-tolerated, and although antibodies against the infused enzyme developed in the majority of treated patients, there has been no lasting adverse influence on outcome. These developments have resulted in the use of galsulfase therapy as the primary treatment for patients with MPS-VI; obviating the need for bone marrow transplantation. Other therapeutic approaches, such as substrate reduction therapy a...","PeriodicalId":88627,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health","volume":"4 1","pages":"17-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/PHE.09.71","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68242177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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