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HIV-related lymphoma 艾滋病毒相关淋巴瘤
HIV therapy Pub Date : 2010-12-14 DOI: 10.2217/HIV.10.54
Belinda Lee, M. Bower, T. Newsom-Davis, M. Nelson
{"title":"HIV-related lymphoma","authors":"Belinda Lee, M. Bower, T. Newsom-Davis, M. Nelson","doi":"10.2217/HIV.10.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/HIV.10.54","url":null,"abstract":"Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy, the natural history of HIV infection has changed dramatically, and with it the epidemiology of HIV-related lymphoma. HIV-related lymphomas have increased as a percentage of first AIDS-defining illness. The most prevalent of the HIV-related lymphomas is diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, followed by Burkitt’s lymphoma. Although not considered an AIDS-defining illness, Hodgkin’s lymphoma is increasing in incidence in those with HIV infection. Treatment outcome and prognosis has improved significantly over the last decade. Paradigms of therapy have shifted, with approaches aimed at complete remission rather than palliation. This review discusses the biology and changes in epidemiology of HIV-related lymphoma and also reviews other key developments in the management of this disease.","PeriodicalId":88510,"journal":{"name":"HIV therapy","volume":"5 1","pages":"649-659"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74353100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Microbicides: where are we now and what next? 杀菌剂:我们现在在哪里，接下来会发生什么?
HIV therapy Pub Date : 2010-12-14 DOI: 10.2217/HIV.10.50
S. McCormack
{"title":"Microbicides: where are we now and what next?","authors":"S. McCormack","doi":"10.2217/HIV.10.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/HIV.10.50","url":null,"abstract":"What have we learnt from CAPRISA 004? The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies were not completed in May 2007 when CAPRISA 004 started, leading to criticism regarding the decision to proceed and the choice of dosing schedule [8]. The coitally dependent regimen selected was complex. ‘BAT24’ required women to apply gel within 12 h before sex, to apply a second dose up to 12 h after sex, or as soon as possible after sex if they had not applied a dose before, but no more than two doses in a 24 h period. This two-dose coital strategy was based on the reduction in HIV transmission from mother to child following a single dose of nevirapine for the mother with onset of labor, and a second dose for the child following delivery. In addition, early macaque experiments dosed with oral tenofovir and challenged intravenously s uggested that the postexposure dose was important.","PeriodicalId":88510,"journal":{"name":"HIV therapy","volume":"21 1","pages":"615-618"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89966733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
HIV Therapy merges with Future Virology HIV治疗与未来病毒学相结合
HIV therapy Pub Date : 2010-12-14 DOI: 10.2217/HIV.10.57
Elisa Manzotti, S. Cleghorn
{"title":"HIV Therapy merges with Future Virology","authors":"Elisa Manzotti, S. Cleghorn","doi":"10.2217/HIV.10.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/HIV.10.57","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88510,"journal":{"name":"HIV therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"613-613"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74241205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Cervical cancer prevention in HIV-infected women in resource-limited settings 资源有限环境中感染艾滋病毒的妇女预防宫颈癌
HIV therapy Pub Date : 2010-12-14 DOI: 10.2217/HIV.10.58
G. Parham
{"title":"Cervical cancer prevention in HIV-infected women in resource-limited settings","authors":"G. Parham","doi":"10.2217/HIV.10.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/HIV.10.58","url":null,"abstract":"Groesbeck Parham is Professor of Gynecologic Oncology and Infectious Diseases in the Department of Medicine at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (AL, USA) and Director of the Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia’s Cervical Cancer Prevention Program. A native Alabamian, Parham received his BA (1970) from Oberlin College, OH, USA, and medical degree (1981) from the University of Alabama in Birmingham. He completed an obstetrics and gynecology residency (1985) at the University of Alabama in Birmingham, a urogynecology fellowship (1986) at the University of London, UK, and Khartoum Teaching Hospital, Sudan, and a gynecologic oncology fellowship (1988) at the University of California, Irvine, CA, USA. He is a board-certified gynecologic oncologist. Parham moved to Lusaka, Zambia, in 2005 to establish the Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia’s Cervical Cancer Prevention Program, which targets HIV-infected women. Before moving to Lusaka he served as director of the divisions of gyn...","PeriodicalId":88510,"journal":{"name":"HIV therapy","volume":"4 1","pages":"625-628"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79447869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Premature onset of cardiovascular disease in HIV-infected individuals: the drugs and the virus hiv感染者早发心血管疾病:药物和病毒
HIV therapy Pub Date : 2010-12-14 DOI: 10.2217/HIV.10.53
A. Maisa, Clare L. V. Westhorpe, J. Elliott, A. Jaworowski, A. Hearps, A. Dart, J. Hoy, S. Crowe
{"title":"Premature onset of cardiovascular disease in HIV-infected individuals: the drugs and the virus","authors":"A. Maisa, Clare L. V. Westhorpe, J. Elliott, A. Jaworowski, A. Hearps, A. Dart, J. Hoy, S. Crowe","doi":"10.2217/HIV.10.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/HIV.10.53","url":null,"abstract":"Life expectancy in HIV-infected individuals has been greatly enhanced through immunologic restoration and virologic suppression resulting from antiretroviral therapy. Current clinical HIV care in Western countries focuses on treatment of drug toxicities and prevention of comorbidities. These non-AIDS HIV-related comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease, occur even in individuals with virologic suppression and manifest at an earlier age than when normally presenting in the general population. While traditional risk factors are present in many HIV-infected individuals who develop cardiovascular disease, the additional roles of HIV-related chronic inflammation and immune activation as well as chronic HIV viremia may be significant. This review provides current evidence for the contributions of the virus, in terms of both chronic viremia and its contribution via chronic low-level inflammation, immune activation, premature immune senescence and dyslipidemia, to the pathogenesis of HIV-related cardiovascul...","PeriodicalId":88510,"journal":{"name":"HIV therapy","volume":"44 1","pages":"675-692"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79285083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Lymph node involution, T-cell adaptation and T-cell death in HIV infection. HIV感染中的淋巴结退化、t细胞适应和t细胞死亡。
HIV therapy Pub Date : 2010-12-14 DOI: 10.2217/HIV.10.56
I. Picerno, G. Visalli, R. Lentile, G. Piedimonte
{"title":"Lymph node involution, T-cell adaptation and T-cell death in HIV infection.","authors":"I. Picerno, G. Visalli, R. Lentile, G. Piedimonte","doi":"10.2217/HIV.10.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/HIV.10.56","url":null,"abstract":"Fibrotic tissue involution occurs in a large variety of chronic diseases. As the final phase of follicular atrophy and depletion, a diffuse fibrosis is the more severe consequence of the chronic process of lymph node involution that characterizes HIV infection. This review focuses on the comparison between HIV-induced lymph node fibrosis and other chronic fibroproliferative diseases, in terms of cell types participating in the process and signaling intermediates that together cause the deposition of collagen and remodel normal tissue architecture. Given that the histological quantification of this type of fibrosis cannot be easily introduced as a routine method in clinical pathology, we will discuss the possibility of exploiting some functional modifications, which express the adaptation of T cells to the fibrotic/hypoxic environment, as biochemical markers of the evolution of lymph node damage.","PeriodicalId":88510,"journal":{"name":"HIV therapy","volume":"41 1","pages":"629-637"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90789422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The intersection between HIV and syphilis in men who have sex with men: some fresh perspectives. 男男性行为者中艾滋病毒和梅毒的交叉:一些新的观点。
HIV therapy Pub Date : 2010-12-14 DOI: 10.2217/HIV.10.55
F. Drummond, R. Guy, J. Kaldor, B. Donovan
{"title":"The intersection between HIV and syphilis in men who have sex with men: some fresh perspectives.","authors":"F. Drummond, R. Guy, J. Kaldor, B. Donovan","doi":"10.2217/HIV.10.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/HIV.10.55","url":null,"abstract":"Syphilis is increasing in men who have sex with men and disproportionately affects HIV-infected men. Here we review the epidemiology, diagnostic techniques, treatment guidelines, follow-up procedures and control of syphilis. The difference in these factors in HIV-infected men and uninfected men and evidence for this is reviewed. We explain that HIV-infected men are at higher risk of syphilis acquisition as a result of different behavioral factors. Thus, some control strategies may be different for HIV-infected men owing to these factors and also because HIV-infected men are more closely linked with medical care. There is no strong evidence to suggest there should be any differences in diagnostic techniques, treatment guidelines or follow-up procedures between HIV-infected and uninfected men.","PeriodicalId":88510,"journal":{"name":"HIV therapy","volume":"3 1","pages":"661-673"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75012394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Regulatory T cells in HIV immunotherapy. 调节性T细胞在HIV免疫治疗中的应用。
HIV therapy Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.2217/hiv.10.51
Bernard Jc Macatangay, Charles R Rinaldo
{"title":"Regulatory T cells in HIV immunotherapy.","authors":"Bernard Jc Macatangay, Charles R Rinaldo","doi":"10.2217/hiv.10.51","DOIUrl":"10.2217/hiv.10.51","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Significant research has been conducted on the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in HIV infection. To date, however, it is not clear whether Tregs play a detrimental role or a beneficial role in the pathogenesis of HIV infection. In fact, a number of immunotherapeutic strategies to control HIV infection have revealed a possible antagonistic role for Tregs. This necessitates investigating ways to counteract the suppressive function, such as through Treg depletion or blockade of specific Treg immunosuppressive mechanisms, without further increasing the cellular immune activation associated with chronic HIV infection. Simply applying Treg immunotherapeutic strategies used in diseases other than HIV may pose problems due to the complexity of HIV immunopathogenesis. Studies are therefore necessary to elucidate the different immunoregulatory networks in HIV infection in order to determine the specific cellular or molecular pathways that can be altered to boost the body's immune control of HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":88510,"journal":{"name":"HIV therapy","volume":"4 6","pages":"639-647"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3065023/pdf/nihms269090.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29789175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Switching antiretroviral therapy to minimize metabolic complications. 转换抗逆转录病毒治疗以减少代谢并发症。
HIV therapy Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.2217/hiv.10.47
Jordan E Lake, Judith S Currier
{"title":"Switching antiretroviral therapy to minimize metabolic complications.","authors":"Jordan E Lake, Judith S Currier","doi":"10.2217/hiv.10.47","DOIUrl":"10.2217/hiv.10.47","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in HIV therapy have made living with HIV for decades a reality for many patients. However, antiretroviral therapy has been associated with multiple long-term complications, including dyslipidemia, fat redistribution, insulin resistance and increased cardiovascular risk. As newer agents with improved metabolic profiles have become available, there is growing interest in the safety and efficacy of switching ART as a strategy to reduce long-term complications. This article reviews recently published data on switching ART to minimize the contributions of specific agents to these complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":88510,"journal":{"name":"HIV therapy","volume":"4 6","pages":"693-711"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3236090/pdf/nihms269059.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30327350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On the growing complexity of HIV-1 vaccines 关于HIV-1疫苗日益复杂
HIV therapy Pub Date : 2010-10-25 DOI: 10.2217/HIV.10.40
T. Hanke
{"title":"On the growing complexity of HIV-1 vaccines","authors":"T. Hanke","doi":"10.2217/HIV.10.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/HIV.10.40","url":null,"abstract":"The development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine continues to pose a formidable challenge. While traditional approaches of live-attenuated and inactivated vaccines are either too dangerous or inefficient, modern and safer subunit vaccines are still in their infancy and struggle to cope with various aspects of HIV-1 biology, including the enormous variability of HIV-1. Three simple prophylactic candidate vaccine strategies have now been tested in human efficacy trials, with only a very marginal and yet to be confirmed success in the most recent one. Thus, HIV-1 immunological control, which may require induction of both broadly neutralizing antibodies and T cells capable of controlling multiple clades and escape variants. At protective levels, an increase in subunit vaccine design complexity is required. I argue that, by analogy to antiretroviral treatment, even a relatively complex vaccine may not only serve to prove the concept, but can be successfully deployed in countries with limited resources and infrast...","PeriodicalId":88510,"journal":{"name":"HIV therapy","volume":"71 1","pages":"543-552"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86351698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
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