Biochemistry Insights最新文献

Biochemistry Insights Pub Date : 2019-11-12 DOI: 10.1177/1178626419886280

Yulin Wan, Shanshan An, Yanchao Zhou, M. Tang, Qiuyun Liu

引用次数: 2

The Roles of N6-Methyladenosine in Human Diseases N6-甲基腺苷在人类疾病中的作用

Biochemistry Insights Pub Date : 2019-10-22 DOI: 10.1177/1178626419883248

Shanshan An, Jiaming Zhang, Yuchuan Wang, Ying Zhang, Qiuyun Liu

引用次数: 2

Aerococcus urinae and Globicatella sanguinis Persist in Polymicrobial Urethral Catheter Biofilms Examined in Longitudinal Profiles at the Proteomic Level. 尿Aerococcus urinae和血球菌Globicatella sanginis存在于多微生物尿道导管生物膜中——蛋白质组水平的纵向剖面检查

Biochemistry Insights Pub Date : 2019-09-19 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1178626419875089

Yanbao Yu, Tamara Tsitrin, Shiferaw Bekele, Vishal Thovarai, Manolito G Torralba, Harinder Singh, Randall Wolcott, Sebastian N Doerfert, Maria V Sizova, Slava S Epstein, Rembert Pieper

{"title":"Aerococcus urinae and Globicatella sanguinis Persist in Polymicrobial Urethral Catheter Biofilms Examined in Longitudinal Profiles at the Proteomic Level.","authors":"Yanbao Yu, Tamara Tsitrin, Shiferaw Bekele, Vishal Thovarai, Manolito G Torralba, Harinder Singh, Randall Wolcott, Sebastian N Doerfert, Maria V Sizova, Slava S Epstein, Rembert Pieper","doi":"10.1177/1178626419875089","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1178626419875089","url":null,"abstract":"Aerococcus urinae (Au) and Globicatella sanguinis (Gs) are gram-positive bacteria belonging to the family Aerococcaceae and colonize the human immunocompromised and catheterized urinary tract. We identified both pathogens in polymicrobial urethral catheter biofilms (CBs) with a combination of 16S rDNA sequencing, proteomic analyses, and microbial cultures. Longitudinal sampling of biofilms from serially replaced catheters revealed that each species persisted in the urinary tract of a patient in cohabitation with 1 or more gram-negative uropathogens. The Gs and Au proteomes revealed active glycolytic, heterolactic fermentation, and peptide catabolic energy metabolism pathways in an anaerobic milieu. A few phosphotransferase system (PTS)-based sugar uptake and oligopeptide ABC transport systems were highly expressed, indicating adaptations to the supply of nutrients in urine and from exfoliating squamous epithelial and urothelial cells. Differences in the Au vs Gs metabolisms pertained to citrate lyase and utilization and storage of glycogen (evident only in Gs proteomes) and to the enzyme Xfp that degrades d-xylulose-5'-phosphate and the biosynthetic pathways for 2 protein cofactors, pyridoxal 6'-phosphate and 4'-phosphopantothenate (expressed only in Au proteomes). A predicted ZnuA-like transition metal ion uptake system was identified for Gs while Au expressed 2 LPXTG-anchored surface proteins, one of which had a predicted pilin D adhesion motif. While these proteins may contribute to fitness and virulence in the human host, it cannot be ruled out that Au and Gs fill a niche in polymicrobial biofilms without being the direct cause of injury in urothelial tissues.","PeriodicalId":8791,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry Insights","volume":"12 1","pages":"1178626419875089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6753514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41814061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A High Creatine Kinase Concentration Might Be a Sign of McArdle Disease in Patient With Type 1 Diabetes 高肌酸激酶浓度可能是1型糖尿病患者McArdle病的标志

Biochemistry Insights Pub Date : 2019-07-15 DOI: 10.1177/1178626419861407

K. Ugur, Yakup Aydogan, Abdurrahman Akgun, S. Aydin

{"title":"A High Creatine Kinase Concentration Might Be a Sign of McArdle Disease in Patient With Type 1 Diabetes","authors":"K. Ugur, Yakup Aydogan, Abdurrahman Akgun, S. Aydin","doi":"10.1177/1178626419861407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1178626419861407","url":null,"abstract":"Type 1 diabetes (the pancreas producing little or no insulin) is usually diagnosed in children and young adults and was previously known as juvenile diabetes. McArdle disease is a common metabolic defect caused by an inherited deficit of myophosphorylase. These 2 diseases might have some clinical heterogeneity. Here, we discuss a McArdle disease case where insulin-dependent diabetes overshadows its early diagnosis. In this case, an insulin-dependent 22-year-old female patient with diabetes mellitus had been on diabetes treatment for 15 years. Although her blood glucose was regulated, her anamnesis showed that muscle weakness, fatigue, cramps or myalgia never healed. Based on her anamnesis, the patient was asked to take a nonischemic forearm exercise test, which revealed significant elevation in levels of creatine kinase (5968-7906 U/L), but no increase was found in lactate concentration, but a slight increase in ammonia concentration (not statistically significant) at the end of the test made us consider McArdle disease. A genetic test was done to confirm this possibility. A homozygous c.2128_2130delTTC/p.Phe710del mutation was detected in the examination of exons of the PYGM gene, which confirmed the diagnosis of McArdle disease in our patient. According to the data, this is a rare case of McArdle disease with type 1 diabetes. During treatment for diabetes, if the above-mentioned symptoms are present in a patient, and especially if the patient’s creatine kinase concentration is high, muscle diseases should be suspected. Therefore, we suggest that this case report will provide new insight to clinicians on metabolic defects in this disease and increase the patient comfort. In such cases, an early diagnosis should reduce health costs.","PeriodicalId":8791,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry Insights","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1178626419861407","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46969884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The Role of Insulin-Like Growth Factors and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Proteins in the Nervous System. 胰岛素样生长因子和胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白在神经系统中的作用。

Biochemistry Insights Pub Date : 2019-04-17 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1178626419842176

Moira S Lewitt, Gary W Boyd

引用次数: 97

Connexin-43 Enhances the Redesigned Cytosine Deaminase Activity for Suicide Gene Therapy in Human Breast Cancer Cells. Connexin-43增强自杀性基因治疗人乳腺癌细胞的胞嘧啶脱氨酶活性

Biochemistry Insights Pub Date : 2019-01-21 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1178626418818182

Asif Raza, Siddhartha Sankar Ghosh

{"title":"Connexin-43 Enhances the Redesigned Cytosine Deaminase Activity for Suicide Gene Therapy in Human Breast Cancer Cells.","authors":"Asif Raza, Siddhartha Sankar Ghosh","doi":"10.1177/1178626418818182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1178626418818182","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Escherichia coli cytosine deaminase (CD) converts 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC), a prodrug, into 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a chemotherapeutic drug. However, the poor binding affinity of CD towards 5-FC as compared to the natural substrate cytosine, limits its application towards a successful suicide gene therapy. Although F186W mutant was developed to enhance the effect of wild-type CD, still scope for its improvement remains to further minimize the dose-dependent cytotoxicity of the drugs. Hence, in this study, we employ the anti-tumour attribute of the gap junction forming protein connexin-43 (Cx43) in conjunction with CD or F186W mutant.Methods: Lipofectamine was used to co-transfect CD/F186W-pVITRO2 and Cx43-pEGFP-N1 plasmids construct into MCF-7 cells. Comparative analysis of cell viability was observed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium-bromide (MTT) and trypan blue-based assays. To further confirm the mode of cell death was apoptosis, propidium iodide and annexin V/7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD)-based apoptosis assays were performed.Results: Semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed the expression of both Cx43 and CD/F186W genes after transfection. Furthermore, cell viability assays revealed the enhanced activity of F186W-Cx43 compared with CD-Cx43 and F186W alone. The trend of the reduction in cell viability was also reflected in the flow cytometry-based apoptosis analyses. Overall, F186W-Cx43 combination demonstrated its superiority over the CD-Cx43 and F186W mutant alone.Conclusions: The enhanced cytotoxic activity of F186W mutant was further amplified by gap junction protein Cx43.","PeriodicalId":8791,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry Insights","volume":"12 ","pages":"1178626418818182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1178626418818182","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36939989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Protective Effects of Acridocarpus smeathmannii (DC.) Guill. & Perr. Root Extract against Phenylhydrazine-Induced Haematotoxicity, Biochemical Changes, and Oxidative Stress in Rats 臭花Acridocapus smeathmanni（D..）Guill.&Perr。根提取物对抗苯肼诱导的大鼠血液毒性、生化变化和氧化应激

Biochemistry Insights Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1178626419883243

O. Kale, O. Awodele, A. Akindele

{"title":"Protective Effects of Acridocarpus smeathmannii (DC.) Guill. & Perr. Root Extract against Phenylhydrazine-Induced Haematotoxicity, Biochemical Changes, and Oxidative Stress in Rats","authors":"O. Kale, O. Awodele, A. Akindele","doi":"10.1177/1178626419883243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1178626419883243","url":null,"abstract":"Several strategies for discovering drugs from unexplored natural products continue to strengthen research and development with current commercial evidence supporting their applications. We assessed the effects of the hydroethanolic extract of Acridocarpus smeathmannii root (HEASR) against phenylhydrazine (PHZ)-induced haematotoxicity, biochemical changes, and oxidative stress in male Wistar rats. Groups 1 and 2 controls received normal saline (10 mL/kg/day) and PHZ (60 mg/kg, day 4 and 5), respectively, via oral gavage. Groups 3, 4, and 5 were administered dexamethasone (DXM, 0.014 mg/kg/day, p.o.), HEASR1 (50 mg/kg/day, p.o.) and HEASR2 (200 mg/kg/day, p.o.), respectively. Groups 6, 7, and 8 received HEASR2 (200 mg/kg/day), DXM (0.014 mg/kg/day), or their combination, respectively, and further received PHZ (60 mg/kg/day) intervention on day 4 and 5 only. Treatments lasted for 7 days. Phenylhydrazine toxicity manifested as lowered haemoglobin, white blood cells, lymphocytes, red blood cells, and platelet levels by 45.86%, 53.47%, 75.69%, 46.89%, and 30.29%, respectively, in rats. This was accompanied by an increase in serum alanine (ALT; 108.25%) and aspartate (AST; 78.79%) aminotransferases, urea (84.36%), total cholesterol (81.55%), and triglycerides (123.42%) levels. Similarly, malondialdehyde levels and serum cyclooxygenase-2 activity were elevated (P < 0.05) in the rats liver and spleen, respectively. Just HEASR alone, or in combination with DXM, preserved haematological and biochemical parameters, cyclooxygenase-2 activity, and corticosterone levels during PHZ intoxication and restored renal histopathological alterations in rats. The HEASR was found to contain high flavonoid and phenolic phytochemicals and demonstrated better in vitro antioxidants inhibitory action.","PeriodicalId":8791,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry Insights","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1178626419883243","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45882518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Cellular States and Secondary Chemical Bonding: A Biochemical View of Major Human Diseases 细胞状态和次级化学键:人类主要疾病的生化观点

Biochemistry Insights Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1178626419877846

Yulin Wan, Jiaming Zhang, Xiaoxia Li, Yuchuan Wang, Qiuyun Liu

引用次数: 13

Aerobic Respiration: Criticism of the Proton-centric Explanation Involving Rotary Adenosine Triphosphate Synthesis, Chemiosmosis Principle, Proton Pumps and Electron Transport Chain. 有氧呼吸：批判以质子为中心的解释，包括三磷酸腺苷旋转合成、化学渗透原理、质子泵和电子传递链。

Biochemistry Insights Pub Date : 2018-12-25 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1178626418818442

Kelath Murali Manoj

引用次数: 0

Structure and Function of Caltrin (Calcium Transport Inhibitor) Proteins. 钙转运抑制剂(Caltrin)蛋白的结构与功能。

Biochemistry Insights Pub Date : 2017-12-17 eCollection Date: 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/1178626417745822

Ernesto Javier Grasso, Carlos Enrique Coronel

引用次数: 3