Science & practice perspectives最新文献

{"title":"Assessing organizational functioning as a step toward innovation.","authors":"D Dwayne Simpson,&nbsp;Donald F Dansereau","doi":"10.1151/spp073220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1151/spp073220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Innovate and adapt are watchwords for substance abuse treatment programs in today's environment of legislative mandates, effective new interventions, and competition. Organizations are having to evolve - ready or not - and those that are ready have superior chances for success and survival. The Texas Christian University Organizational Readiness for Change (ORC) survey is a free instrument, with supporting materials, that substance abuse treatment programs use to assess organizational traits that can facilitate or hinder efforts at transition. This article presents organizational change as a three-stage process of adopting, implementing, and routinizing new procedures; describes the use of the ORC; and outlines a step-by-step procedure for clearing away potential obstacles before setting forth on the road to improved practices and outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":87483,"journal":{"name":"Science & practice perspectives","volume":"3 2","pages":"20-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26732857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A note from NIDA's director. Images and interventions.","authors":"Nora D Volkow","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":87483,"journal":{"name":"Science & practice perspectives","volume":"3 2","pages":"2-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27128741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality and performance improvement: what's a program to do?","authors":"Frank McCorry","doi":"10.1151/spp073237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1151/spp073237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A confluence of forces is challenging traditional approaches to issues of quality in substance abuse care. The availability of effective, research-based interventions, the Federal emphasis on performance measurement and outcomes, and national initiatives to improve quality and data infrastructure are driving a transition from a static, compliance-oriented approach to a more dynamic performance improvement model. This new way of achieving and documenting quality will produce better outcomes for consumers and greater confidence in the value of substance abuse services, but first it will require new behaviors from all parties involved in the delivery of substance abuse prevention and treatment services. This article describes some of the shifts already under way and offers advice on how organizations can get ready for the coming changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":87483,"journal":{"name":"Science & practice perspectives","volume":"3 2","pages":"37-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26732861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One program's transition to research-based strategies for treating methamphetamine abuse.","authors":"Jay Hansen","doi":"10.1151/spp073229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1151/spp073229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prairie Ridge Addiction Treatment Services turned to SAMHSA's Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) 33, \"Treatment for Stimulant Use Disorders,\" to try to establish more effective practices for their fast-growing population of methamphetamine-addicted clients. Six years later, Prairie Ridge's executive director says that adopting the TIP's client-based treatment philosophy has enhanced the program's accessibility and results, not only for stimulant-abusing clients, but others as well. In this article he recounts how the TIP contents meshed with Prairie Ridge's preexisting treatment philosophy and practices; what they adopted and what they adapted from the TIP and why; counselors' responses during the transition; and outstanding issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":87483,"journal":{"name":"Science & practice perspectives","volume":"3 2","pages":"29-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26732859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attending to emotional cues for drug abuse: bridging the gap between clinic and home behaviors.","authors":"Michael W Otto, Conall M O' Cleirigh, Mark H Pollack","doi":"10.1151/spp073248","DOIUrl":"10.1151/spp073248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Classical conditioning models of addiction provide keys to understanding the vexing discrepancy between substance abuse patients' desire to abstain when they are in therapy sessions and their tendency to relapse. Experiments using these models demonstrate the power of environmental relapse cues and support clinical approaches, including active exposure, aimed at helping patients recognize and withstand them. Internal cues, including emotions and somatic states such as withdrawal, can trigger urges as powerfully as external cues such as people, places, and things associated with prior abuse. The authors describe a cognitive-behavioral therapy approach that focuses on identifying and actively inducing each patient's high-risk emotions, then helping him or her develop and practice healthy responses. Clinical trials support the approach for patients with panic disorder who have trouble discontinuing benzodiazepines, and early trials suggest it may be useful for patients addicted to other drugs as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":87483,"journal":{"name":"Science & practice perspectives","volume":"3 2","pages":"48-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26732863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Same behaviors, different HIV/STD risks for Whites, African-Americans.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":87483,"journal":{"name":"Science & practice perspectives","volume":"3 2","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26732865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response: TIPsters weigh in: putting good science to work.","authors":"Felipe Castro,&nbsp;Richard A Rawson,&nbsp;Ewa Stamper","doi":"10.1151/spp073235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1151/spp073235","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":87483,"journal":{"name":"Science & practice perspectives","volume":"3 2","pages":"35-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26732860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response: setting the stage for improvement and accountability.","authors":"Linda Bradshaw,&nbsp;Deborah Garnick,&nbsp;Daniel R Kivlahan","doi":"10.1151/spp073245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1151/spp073245","url":null,"abstract":"Deborah Garnick: Dr. McCorry provides a concise overview of several large, national efforts in performance measurement and quality improvement. He has done an excellent job of bringing together the work of the Washington Circle, Network for the Improvement of Addiction Treatment (NIATx), National Outcome Measures, and Clinical Trials Network. The article is a fine starting point for someone to get a sense of the landscape and to jump off, using the links and references he provides, to more detail about each of the projects. \u0000 \u0000Daniel Kivlahan: I particularly like the image of the three-legged stool, emphasizing how interrelated these three major themes are— the content, the data and measurement features, and then the quality improvement efforts. That’s the broad context that makes a huge difference in how far a particular agency is likely to get with implementation. \u0000 \u0000Each of the projects discussed in the paper provides a different spectrum of options for instituting quality and performance measurement and improvement. The NIATx system starts at the front door of the organization, so it can give a lot of clues about patient-level experiences and barriers to better outcomes that programs might overlook. The National Registry of Evidence-Based Programs and Practices becomes useful when clients have gotten through those early treatment hoops and are waiting for at least some initial intervention. \u0000 \u0000Linda Bradshaw: Of Dr. McCorry’s tips on how to get started, I was impressed by the create-a-crisis concept: challenging your local boards and people in your agency to take a hard look at the wave of the very near future and start getting ready for it. That seems a very practical way to go about getting someone’s attention. \u0000 \u0000Kivlahan: Another approach might be to ask the line staff what kind of information was on the last list or spreadsheet they saw. For example, staff members frequently get lists of chart deficiencies, things they haven’t documented appropriately. Reviewing these together would reinforce the commitment to measurement by reiterating the importance of the items on the list. The discussion might produce a consensus that you are tracking the right things, or it might lead to a shift to other, more productive measures.","PeriodicalId":87483,"journal":{"name":"Science & practice perspectives","volume":"3 2","pages":"45-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26732862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response: images and interventions.","authors":"Linda Chang,&nbsp;Paul Linde","doi":"10.1151/spp073217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1151/spp073217","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":87483,"journal":{"name":"Science & practice perspectives","volume":"3 2","pages":"17-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26732856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging the addicted human brain.","authors":"Joanna S Fowler,&nbsp;Nora D Volkow,&nbsp;Cheryl A Kassed,&nbsp;Linda Chang","doi":"10.1151/spp07324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1151/spp07324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modern imaging techniques enable researchers to observe drug actions and consequences as they occur and persist in the brains of abusing and addicted individuals. This article presents the five most commonly used techniques, explains how each produces images, and describes how researchers interpret them. The authors give examples of key findings illustrating how each technique has extended and deepened our knowledge of the neurobiological bases of drug abuse and addiction, and they address potential clinical and therapeutic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":87483,"journal":{"name":"Science & practice perspectives","volume":"3 2","pages":"4-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26732858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}