{"title":"A reflection on Arnold Caplan, the father of MSC","authors":"James M. Anderson","doi":"10.1016/j.beha.2025.101597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.beha.2025.101597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Arnold Caplan was the father of MSC, mesenchymal stem cells. His pioneering efforts have led to significant advances in the utilization of mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of a wide variety of clinical diseases. This reflection provides some insight into Arnold's commitment to education and research regarding mesenchymal stem cells. Moreover, he was a good friend. Arnold will be missed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8744,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 101597"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David Kaplan , Eric Christian , Sarah Planchon Pope , Hillard M. Lazarus , Jeffrey A. Cohen
{"title":"Analyte heterogeneity analysis as a possible potency parameter for MSC","authors":"David Kaplan , Eric Christian , Sarah Planchon Pope , Hillard M. Lazarus , Jeffrey A. Cohen","doi":"10.1016/j.beha.2025.101596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.beha.2025.101596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) have been transplanted for therapeutic purposes with inconsistent results. MSC preparations are heterogeneous, and this person-to-person heterogeneity may account for the variable clinical outcomes. Additionally, the mechanisms of therapeutic action for MSC are unclear which confounds attempts to understand and identify factors that may account for variable clinical results. Here, we report our analysis of MSC preparations for the expression levels of molecules that have been hypothesized to mediate MSC function. Although most of the analytes assessed demonstrated little divergent expression, several molecules were found with enhanced heterogeneity both within individual MSC preparations and among MSC preparations from the sample of multiple sclerosis patients. The variable expression of these molecules may relate to the therapeutic heterogeneity of MSC. Additionally, we found a novel set of molecules that were highly intercorrelated in MSC. The tight association of this group of molecules may represent an invariant molecular organization that is integral to MSC activity. The precise analysis of molecular expression levels in MSC has the potential to answer concerns about variable therapeutic effects of MSC transplantation as well as to understand the mechanism of clinical effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8744,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 101596"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cytokine therapy of acute radiation syndrome","authors":"Hillard M. Lazarus , Robert Peter Gale","doi":"10.1016/j.beha.2025.101599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.beha.2025.101599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radiological accidents/incidents are common with nearly 400 reported since 1944 exposing about 3000 people to substantial doses of ionizing radiations with 127 deaths. Damage to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells with resulting bone marrow failure is a common consequence of exposure to whole body acute high-dose and -dose-rate ionizing radiations and is termed hematopoietic-acute radiation syndrome, or H-ARS. Therapy of H-ARS includes transfusions, anti-bacterial and -viral drugs, molecularly-cloned hematopoietic growth factors and hematopoietic cell transplants. We considered the role of recombinant human granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (rhu G-CSF; filgrastim) and recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhu GM-CSF; sargramostim) in the setting of H-ARS. The favorable <em>benefit-to-risk</em> ratio of these drugs over hematopoietic cell transplants suggests giving them soon after exposure to acute high-dose and-dose-rate whole body ionizing radiations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8744,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 101599"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bispecific antibody therapy for lymphoma","authors":"Genevieve M. Gerhard, Gottfried von Keudell","doi":"10.1016/j.beha.2025.101598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.beha.2025.101598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid development of novel therapeutics in B-cell Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) over the past decade has presented a critical inflection point for the field. Bispecific antibodies are one such therapeutic class emerging as an effective, off-the-shelf option for B-NHL. In this review, we focus primarily on Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL), highlighting the evolution, comparison, tolerability, ongoing challenges, and future potential of bispecific antibodies that are currently approved or in clinical trials for B-NHL. With the number of anti-lymphoma drugs increasing every year, it is important to optimize clinical trial analysis and design so that outcomes, toxicities, and predictors thereof can be understood and compared amongst therapeutic classes to ensure that patients get the safest and most effective treatments for them at the most appropriate line of therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8744,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 101598"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CARs for lymphoma","authors":"Ishan J. Tatake, Jon E. Arnason","doi":"10.1016/j.beha.2025.101601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.beha.2025.101601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has revolutionized treatment options for B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL). CD19-targeting CAR-T cell therapy is approved for treatment in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma, Follicular Lymphoma, Mantle Cell Lymphoma, and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma. CAR-T cells demonstrate robust and durable responses even in heavily pretreated patients. Clinicians should monitor for Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) and Immune Effector Cell Neurotoxicity Syndrome (ICANS), as well as cytopenias, infection, and secondary malignancies. Ongoing questions remain in improving manufacturing efficacy, sequencing CAR-T cells amongst other therapies including bi-specific antibodies (BiTEs), and predicting optimal responders. In addition, novel CARs are being developed with alternative targets or that secrete activating cytokines (i.e. “armored CARs”). CAR-T cells represent an effective lymphoma therapy and should be considered for eligible patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8744,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology","volume":"37 4","pages":"Article 101601"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cytomegalovirus in haematopoietic cell transplantation - The troll is still there","authors":"Sebastian Voigt","doi":"10.1016/j.beha.2024.101565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.beha.2024.101565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation are prone to complications caused by viral infections. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) considerably impacts transplantation as it frequently requires antiviral intervention that evokes substantial side effects depending on the antiviral drug. Intermittent antiviral treatment may become necessary if CMV DNAemia cannot be permanently suppressed, and drug resistance may emerge that hampers and prolongs treatment. Despite sedulous endeavours, vaccination against CMV is not yet available. This review concisely summarises current approaches in managing CMV infection comprising risk factors, diagnostics including indications for resistance testing, and therapeutic options from antiviral drugs to virus-specific T cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8744,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology","volume":"37 3","pages":"Article 101565"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521692624000318/pdfft?md5=69685ba4c435d6a3fe23e097ee7b9c1c&pid=1-s2.0-S1521692624000318-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141940849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicky A. Beelen , Vera T.C. Valckx , Gerard M.J. Bos , Lotte Wieten
{"title":"Interfering with KIR and NKG2A immune checkpoint axes to unleash NK cell immunotherapy","authors":"Nicky A. Beelen , Vera T.C. Valckx , Gerard M.J. Bos , Lotte Wieten","doi":"10.1016/j.beha.2024.101568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.beha.2024.101568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Due to their intrinsic ability to eliminate malignant cells, natural killer (NK) cells emerge as a promising immunotherapy for cancer. While clinical studies have affirmed the safety of NK cell infusions and combination therapies have demonstrated encouraging outcomes in hematological malignancies, the efficacy of NK cell immunotherapeutic interventions remains heterogeneous across patient cohorts. Moreover, the implementation of NK cell immunotherapy in solid tumors presents notable challenges. Interfering with key NK cell inhibitory signaling pathways by targeting inhibitory killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and CD94/NK group 2 member A (NKG2A), holds promise for unleashing the full potential of NK cell-based immunotherapy. In this review, we provide an overview of the current approaches for interfering with inhibitory KIR and NKG2A signaling, exploring a selection of the multitude of combination strategies available. We discuss the significance of maintaining the delicate balance between achieving optimal suppression of NK cell inhibition and ensuring effective activation of anti-tumor effector function, while preserving the favorable safety profiles. The consideration of strategies to modulate inhibitory signaling pathways associated with KIR and NKG2A presents promising avenues for enhancing the efficacy of NK cell immunotherapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8744,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology","volume":"37 3","pages":"Article 101568"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deciphering the role of the major histocompatibility complex, the intestinal microbiome and metabolites in the pathogenesis of acute graft-versus-host disease","authors":"Valentin Wenger , Robert Zeiser","doi":"10.1016/j.beha.2024.101567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.beha.2024.101567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Allogeneic hematologic stem cell transplantation is a cornerstone in modern hematological treatment, yet its efficacy is compromised by acute Graft-versus-Host Disease. In acute Graft-versus-Host Disease, conditioning regimen induced epithelial damage leads to release of damage and pathogen associated molecular patters which in turns triggers activation of alloreactive donor T cells, ultimately resulting in destruction of healthy tissue. Advances in major histocompatibility complex typing and preclinical studies using tissue specific major histocompatibility complex deletion have illuminated the contributions of both, hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells to acute Graft-versus-Host Disease pathophysiology. Concurrently, high-throughput sequencing techniques have enabled researchers to recognize the significant impact of the intestinal microbiome and newly discovered metabolites in the pathophysiology of acute Graft-versus-Host Disease. In this review, we discuss the implications of major histocompatibility complex expression on hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells, the effect on the intestinal microbiome and the metabolic alterations that contribute to acute Graft-versus-Host Disease. By combining these findings, we hope to untangle the complexity of acute Graft-versus-Host Disease, ultimately paving the way for the development of novel and more effective treatmen options in patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8744,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology","volume":"37 3","pages":"Article 101567"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521692624000331/pdfft?md5=c71c173468158c3486a91814049fbdbf&pid=1-s2.0-S1521692624000331-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141771791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thuong Hien Tran , Andreas Heinold , Magdalena Spackova , Lien Pham , Matthias Stelljes , Peter Dreger
{"title":"Relevance of donor-specific HLA antibodies in hematopoietic cell transplantation","authors":"Thuong Hien Tran , Andreas Heinold , Magdalena Spackova , Lien Pham , Matthias Stelljes , Peter Dreger","doi":"10.1016/j.beha.2024.101576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.beha.2024.101576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Advances in hematopoietic cell transplantation have expanded the use of alternative donors such as haploidentical family donors or mismatched unrelated donors. However, donor-specific HLA antibodies (DSA) have been recognized as a significant risk factor of primary graft failure after HLA incompatible transplantation. Therefore, screening for HLA antibodies and taking DSA into consideration in the process of donor search play an increasingly important role in donor selection. If an HLA compatible donor is not available, desensitization may enable a successful transplantation. In this review, we describe the currently most widely used methods for HLA antibody detections including their pitfalls. In addition, we summarize the results of the studies on the impact of preformed DSA on transplant outcomes and their treatment options. Many more and larger studies are needed to clarify laboratory issues as well as immunological and clinical aspects in the management of DSA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8744,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology","volume":"37 3","pages":"Article 101576"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521692624000422/pdfft?md5=b49527640064925941dcb5a8e246207a&pid=1-s2.0-S1521692624000422-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142095893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From clones to immunopeptidomes: New developments in the characterization of permissive HLA-DP mismatches in hematopoietic cell transplantation","authors":"Esteban Arrieta-Bolaños","doi":"10.1016/j.beha.2024.101575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.beha.2024.101575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mismatching at the HLA-DPB1 locus occurs frequently in hematopoietic cell transplantation with unrelated donors. Despite this, HLA-DPB1 allelic mismatches have traditionally not been considered in patient-donor matching. A T-cell epitope (TCE) model for the functional assessment of permissive mismatches at this locus has nevertheless been adopted in clinical practice. While initially based on a hierarchical immunogenicity elucidated from allorecognition by T-cell clones isolated from a patient, newer developments in the understanding of this model's biological basis, including a central role for immunopeptidome divergence between mismatched allotypes, have prompted changes in the assignment of permissiveness, providing the opportunity for a more granular evaluation of graft-<em>versus</em>-host disease and relapse risks according to the nature and directionality of permissive mismatches. How these advances impact the assessment of permissiveness at HLA-DPB1 and potentially the intelligent selection of donors according to the main clinical goal for different patients is the subject of the present review.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8744,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology","volume":"37 3","pages":"Article 101575"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521692624000410/pdfft?md5=eccbdb3e12a17ab67dc0a72288f21c09&pid=1-s2.0-S1521692624000410-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142095892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}