Beyoglu Eye Journal最新文献

{"title":"Acute Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Corneal Tomographic and Biometric Parameters: A Prospective Controlled Study.","authors":"Semih Çakmak, Arzu Karakiraz, Gül Beste Can, Adem Tellioğlu, Nilufer Gözüm","doi":"10.14744/bej.2026.35002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/bej.2026.35002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the acute effects of cigarette smoking on corneal tomography and ocular biometry.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, controlled study included 92 healthy volunteers (46 smokers and 46 non-smokers); only the right eye was analyzed. Baseline ophthalmological examination, corneal tomography and biometry were performed. Participants remained outdoors for 10 minutes under standardized conditions; smokers smoked one cigarette, whereas controls did not. Measurements were then repeated, and within-group changes and between-group differences in change (Δ) were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline demographic, tomographic, and biometric measurements were similar between groups (all p>0.05). Within the smoking group, significant reductions were observed in corneal thickness at the pupil center, corneal vertex, and thinnest point (p=0.011, p=0.012, and p=0.017, respectively). Within the smoking group, anterior chamber depth also decreased from 3.08±0.44 mm to 2.98±0.52 mm (p=0.034); however, the between-group difference in Δ values was not statistically significant (p=0.068). In contrast, no significant changes were observed in anterior chamber volume, keratometric values, axial length, or emmetropia-targeted intraocular lens power calculated using the Barrett Universal II formula (p>0.05 for all). No significant changes were observed in any of the parameters examined in the control group. In the between-group comparison of Δ values, changes in pupil-center pachymetry and thinnest corneal thickness were significantly different (p=0.002 and p=0.004). Anterior 0-2 mm densitometry decreased in smokers, with a significant between-group difference in Δ (p=0.029).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Acute cigarette smoking was associated with measurable alterations in corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth and several corneal densitometry parameters. However, these changes did not significantly affect keratometric values, axial length, or intraocular lens power calculations. Recent cigarette smoking may affect anterior segment measurements, and recent cigarette smoking should be considered when interpreting measurements, especially in situations requiring sensitive corneal assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":8740,"journal":{"name":"Beyoglu Eye Journal","volume":"11 3","pages":"196-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Clinical Characteristics of Eyelid Tumors: A Three-Year Retrospective Study at A Tertiary Eye Hospital.","authors":"Raden A Kartiwa, Zahratul Riadho, Firda M Elsyanty, Pradistya S Yudiasari, Niluh Pa Dewi, Shanti F Boesoirie, Mohamad R Dahlan","doi":"10.14744/bej.2026.4744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/bej.2026.4744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Eyelid tumors are neoplasms commonly diagnosed in routine ophthalmology practices. Some malignant tumors may mimic benign lesions and inflammatory conditions, which can lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment. The study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics of eyelid tumors at a tertiary eye hospital by analyzing retrospective data from a 3-year observational study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive retrospective study was carried out on 1295 patients diagnosed with eyelid tumors between January 2022 and December 2024. All patients with eyelid tumors who underwent histopathological examination were included. Eyelid tumor characteristics, surgical procedures, and histopathological characteristics were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study comprised 837 (65%) female patients and 458 (35%) male patients. A total of 922 benign lesions (71%) and 373 malignant neoplasms (29%) were identified. Among the benign lesions, the most prevalent types were nevus (26%), epidermoid cyst (15%), and dermoid cyst (12%). The most common malignant neoplasms were basal cell carcinoma (35%), sebaceous gland carcinoma (25%), and malignant lymphoma (19%). Most benign lesions were managed with excision and direct closure of the eyelid defect (47%), and malignant neoplasms were excised with reconstruction (57%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study found majority of eyelid tumors were benign, with a higher number of female patients compared to males. Intradermal nevus was the most common benign eyelid lesion, while basal cell carcinoma was the most prevalent malignant neoplasm. The surgical technique of eyelid tumor excision followed by histopathological examination can provide excellent cosmetic and functional results.</p>","PeriodicalId":8740,"journal":{"name":"Beyoglu Eye Journal","volume":"11 3","pages":"213-218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeatability and Reliability of Corneal Tomography in Keratoconus Patients with Corneal Allogenic Intrastromal Ring Segments.","authors":"Ugur Tunc, Dilan Colak, Burcu Yakut, Fatma FeyzaNur Keskin Perk, Metin Suleymanzade, Sepideh Lotfi, Aylin Kılıç","doi":"10.14744/bej.2026.80090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/bej.2026.80090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the repeatability and reliability of anterior and posterior corneal measurements in keratoconus patients who underwent corneal allogenic intrastromal ring segment (CAIRS) implantation using a Scheimpflug-based tomography system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective observational study included 42 eyes: 20 keratoconic eyes that had undergone CAIRS implantation and 22 healthy controls. All participants were imaged with the Pentacam HR (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Germany). Each eye underwent three consecutive scans during a single session. Repeatability was evaluated using within-subject standard deviation (Sw), repeatability index (RI), and tolerance index (TI), and reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). A TI>0.36 was considered indicative of reduced repeatability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Anterior corneal curvature parameters (K1 and K2) and pachymetric indices demonstrated excellent reliability (ICC>0.90) and acceptable repeatability (TI<0.36). In contrast, CAIRS-implanted eyes exhibited greater variability in Kmax, Kmean, anterior elevation, and several posterior corneal metrics, with TI values exceeding 0.36. Despite having high ICC values, posterior elevation showed the greatest variability. Pachymetry at the corneal vertex and the thinnest corneal thickness remained highly reproducible (TI 0.08 and 0.18, respectively), suggesting strong measurement accuracy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The implantation of CAIRS alters the shape of the cornea and decreases the repeatability of several tomography-derived metrics, especially posterior corneal indices and Kmax. Although overall reliability remains high, clinicians should cautiously interpret small postoperative changes in monitoring these parameters. Pachymetric measurements maintain excellent precision and can be reliably used for postoperative follow-up and progression assessment after CAIRS surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":8740,"journal":{"name":"Beyoglu Eye Journal","volume":"11 3","pages":"188-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Manifestations of a Hereditary Vitreoretinopathy with Wagner Phenotype in a Multigenerational Turkish Family.","authors":"Raciha Beril Kucumen, Ozge Yabas Kiziloglu, Asuman Koparir, Nursal Melda Yenerel, Ebru Gorgun, Ilke Bahceci Simsek, Mustafa Ozen","doi":"10.14744/bej.2026.47108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/bej.2026.47108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To report long-term clinical manifestations and genetic findings of a hereditary vitreoretinopathy exhibiting phenotypical characteristics of Wagner Syndrome in a multigenerational Turkish family originating from the same district in Central Anatolia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from detailed medical histories and ophthalmological examinations were evaluated. Family pedigree was constructed. PCR and sequence analysis were performed to assess splice sites of introns 7 and 8 of the VCAN gene associated with Wagner syndrome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty family members were examined, and 21 affected individuals were followed for 2-18 years. Cohort included 12 females and 9 males, with a mean age of 31±19 years (4-71), mean spherical equivalent of -3.87±5.03 diopters. Sixteen patients (76%) were myopic (≤-0.50 D). Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) was presenting diagnosis in seven patients (33%). Hollow vitreous cavity with fibrous bands was detected in nine individuals (43%). Peripheral retinal pathology included multiple breaks in 16/21 (76%), snail-track degeneration in 3/21 (14%), lattice degeneration in 5/21 (24%), white without pressure in 2/21 (9.5%). One 20-year-old male with bilateral RD also had an optic nerve head astrocytoma. Mean age at onset was 21.6±13.5 years (4-50). Earliest RD occurred at age 10, retinal breaks with attached retina were identified at age 8. Youngest patient (age 4) exhibited high axial myopia and vitreous bands. Laser prophylaxis was effective in 10 patients, although one later developed RD. Three patients (14%) developed phthisis, seven (33%) underwent cataract surgery, and four (19%) had glaucoma. Sequence analysis revealed no mutations in VCAN intron 7 or 8 splice sites.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study presents a Turkish family with hereditary vitreoretinopathy exhibiting phenotypical characteristics of Wagner Syndrome. Although genetic analysis was inconclusive, detailed presentation of long-term clinical manifestations may provide valuable information about hereditary vitreoretinopathies and emphasize the importance of early and regular follow-up and prophylactic treatment for prevention of RD.</p>","PeriodicalId":8740,"journal":{"name":"Beyoglu Eye Journal","volume":"11 3","pages":"261-265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678158/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OCT Assessment of Deep Optic Nerve Head, Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness, and Retinal Layers in Unilateral Anisometropic Amblyopia.","authors":"Elvin Halili Çelenk, Peykan Turkcuoglu","doi":"10.14744/bej.2026.27482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14744/bej.2026.27482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate retinal layers, subfoveal choroidal thickness, and optic nerve head parameters in adults with unilateral anisometropic amblyopia using optical coherence tomography.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This comparative cross-sectional study included 41 adults with unilateral anisometropic amblyopia and 35 healthy controls. Optical coherence tomography measurements were obtained from amblyopic eyes, fellow eyes, and control eyes. Retinal analysis included the nerve fiber layer, inner plexiform layer, outer plexiform layer, inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) junction, retinal pigment epithelium, and subfoveal choroidal thickness. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell complex, mean macular thickness, Bruch's membrane opening, Bruch's membrane opening-minimum rim width, and lamina cribrosa-related parameters were also assessed. Comparisons were performed using linear mixed-effects models, with Bonferroni correction for post hoc analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjustment for age, significant between-group differences were mainly limited to the IS/OS parameter, mean macular thickness, and selected lamina cribrosa measurements. IS/OS was significantly higher in amblyopic eyes than in control eyes (172.55±42.50 vs 151.26±26.14; overall p=0.029, adjusted p=0.029), whereas mean macular thickness was lower in amblyopic eyes (246.00±20.90 vs 261.99±14.67; overall p=0.015, adjusted p=0.016). Temporal lamina cribrosa curve value (p=0.005), superior lamina cribrosa depth (p=0.016), temporal lamina cribrosa depth (p=0.017), and temporal lamina cribrosa width (p=0.005) also differed significantly after age adjustment. Retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell complex, Bruch's membrane opening, Bruch's membrane opening-minimum rim width, subfoveal choroidal thickness, and lamina cribrosa curvature index showed no significant differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In adults with unilateral anisometropic amblyopia, structural changes after age adjustment were subtle and region-specific rather than diffuse. The main differences involved the IS/OS parameter, mean macular thickness, and selected lamina cribrosa-related measurements, while other retinal, choroidal, and optic nerve head parameters were largely similar across groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":8740,"journal":{"name":"Beyoglu Eye Journal","volume":"11 3","pages":"227-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-Based Visual Prognosis in Full-Thickness Macular Hole Surgery Using the ILM Flap Technique.","authors":"Lukpan Orazbekov, Kairat Ruslanuly, Elmira Kanafyanova, Altynai Kairat","doi":"10.14744/bej.2026.55631","DOIUrl":"10.14744/bej.2026.55631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study evaluated the clinical utility of a multimodal large language model-based artificial intelligence (AI) model in predicting postoperative visual outcomes following full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) surgery using the inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap technique.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 45 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy for FTMH at a tertiary eye care center between January 2021 and December 2023. Preoperative optical coherence tomography (OCT) images, demographic data, and clinical parameters were analyzed using the AI model to predict best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at four postoperative time points. The predicted BCVA values were then compared with actual clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preoperatively, the mean AI-predicted BCVA was 1.13±0.20 logMAR compared with the actual value of 1.24±0.33 logMAR (p=0.192). At 6 months, the predicted BCVA was 0.65±0.20 logMAR versus the actual value of 0.67±0.25 logMAR (p=0.528), and at 12 months, it was 0.47±0.17 logMAR versus 0.55±0.27 logMAR (p=0.155). However, at 7 days postoperatively, the model significantly overestimated visual impairment, predicting 1.37±0.28 logMAR versus the actual value of 1.07±0.33 logMAR (p<0.001). Spearman correlation analysis showed the strongest association between AI-predicted and actual BCVA at 6 months (r_s=0.5885, p<0.001), with a moderate correlation at 12 months (r_s=0.4156, p=0.005), a weak correlation preoperatively (r_s=0.3029, p=0.043), and no significant correlation at 7 days (r_s=0.1949, p=0.199).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings demonstrate the model's potential as a supportive tool for visual outcome prediction after FTMH surgery. The AI platform showed clinically relevant predictive performance for preoperative and later postoperative visual outcomes after FTMH surgery, particularly at 6 and 12 months, but was less reliable in the early postoperative period.</p>","PeriodicalId":8740,"journal":{"name":"Beyoglu Eye Journal","volume":"11 2","pages":"160-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148668279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Occult Macular Pathologies Detected by Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients Scheduled for Cataract Surgery.","authors":"Alper Can Yılmaz, Fatih Mehmet Mutlu","doi":"10.14744/bej.2026.74875","DOIUrl":"10.14744/bej.2026.74875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the prevalence of macular pathologies detectable only by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and not suspected on fundoscopic examination before cataract surgery in a large series of Turkish patients and to determine associated risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records of patients who underwent cataract surgery, had normal fundoscopic findings during preoperative evaluation, and underwent macular OCT were retrospectively reviewed for demographic data, ophthalmological findings, and systemic examination results. Patients were divided into normal and abnormal OCT groups according to their macular OCT results. Patients in the abnormal OCT group were further analyzed for the prevalence of OCT-detected occult macular pathologies and associated risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 1.091 eyes were included in the study. Macular pathology was detected on OCT in 9.2% of patients. Among these patients, 40 (40%) had age-related macular degeneration, 31 (31%) had epiretinal membrane, 11 (11%) had vitreomacular traction, 8 (8%) had lamellar macular hole, 5 (5%) had diabetic macular edema, and 5 (5%) had macular pseudohole. The mean age of patients with occult macular pathology was significantly higher than that of patients with normal OCT findings (p=0.001). 78.0% of patients with retinal pathology were 70 years of age or older. Advanced age was identified as the most important predictor of occult macular pathology (OR: 1.086, p=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reliance solely on fundoscopic examination would result in approximately 1 in 10 eyes with occult macular pathology being overlooked. OCT screening should be considered prior to cataract surgery, particularly in elderly patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":8740,"journal":{"name":"Beyoglu Eye Journal","volume":"11 2","pages":"95-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148668330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etiological Spectrum and Visual Outcomes of Spontaneous Vitreous Hemorrhage.","authors":"Metehan Simsek, Sadik Gorkem Cevik, Duygu Su Saracoglu, Mediha Tok Cevik, Ozgur Artunay","doi":"10.14744/bej.2026.73554","DOIUrl":"10.14744/bej.2026.73554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the age-related etiological spectrum and visual outcomes of patients presenting with spontaneous vitreous hemorrhage (VH) at a tertiary eye emergency department.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center retrospective cohort study reviewed the medical records of 55,107 patients who presented to a tertiary referral hospital between January 2018 and December 2024. A total of 804 eyes of 804 patients with a first episode of spontaneous vitreous hemorrhage and at least 12 months of follow-up were included. Etiology was determined by clinical examination, imaging methods, and diagnostic pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) when required. Patients were categorized into pediatric (<18 years), adult (18-65 years), and elderly (>65 years) groups. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at presentation and at 12-month follow-up was analyzed. Visual outcomes were compared between the early (≤3 months) and delayed (>3 months) vitrectomy groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of spontaneous VH among emergency presentations was 1.46%. Male patients constituted 60.57% of the cohort. Retinopathy of prematurity was the most common etiology in pediatric patients, whereas proliferative diabetic retinopathy predominated in the adult and elderly groups. Mean BCVA improved from 1.54±0.63 logMAR at presentation to 0.38±0.39 logMAR at 12 months (p<0.001). Significant visual improvement was observed in all age groups (p<0.001). Diagnostic PPV was performed in 27% of eyes. Visual gain was greater in the early vitrectomy group than in the delayed vitrectomy group (0.58±0.25 vs 0.44±0.31 logMAR; p=0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The etiological spectrum of spontaneous VH varies according to age. Significant visual improvement can be achieved with appropriate medical and surgical treatment. Early PPV in selected cases may provide superior visual recovery compared with delayed intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":8740,"journal":{"name":"Beyoglu Eye Journal","volume":"11 2","pages":"139-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148668288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-Year Visual, Refractive, Tomographic, and Aberrometric Outcomes of Repeat Corneal Collagen Crosslinking in Eyes with Progressive Keratoconus.","authors":"Tuna Celik Buyuktepe, Burcu Kılıç, Omur O Ucakhan-Gunduz","doi":"10.14744/bej.2026.68726","DOIUrl":"10.14744/bej.2026.68726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate visual, refractive, tomographic and aberrometic outcomes of repeat corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) using Dresden protocol in the management of keratoconus progression at 1-year follow-up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Charts of consecutive progressive keratoconus patients who underwent repeat corneal collagen CXL using Dresden protocol and had at least 1 year follow-up were retrospectively evaluated. Best spectacle-corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), manifest refraction, slit lamp biomicroscopy, corneal tomography, corneal aberrometry and endothelial cell counts were evaluated before repeat CXL and at postoperative year-1. At postoperative 1-month, corneal demarcation line depth were evaluated using anterior segment optic coherence tomography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, seven eyes of seven patients with the mean age of 23 (ranged 19 to 27) years were included. The interval between the initial and repeat CXL procedures was 60 (ranged 28 to 89) months. At postoperative month-1, a clear demarcation line could be observed in all patient eyes. The mean demarcation line depth was 250 (ranged 220 to 360) µm. At postoperative month-12, mean CDVA, manifest refraction, topographic indices, and aberrometric outcomes remained stable (p>0.05). Maximum keratometry was reduced more than 1D in two (28.6%) eyes, and remained stable in the remaining five (71.4%) eyes. No significant endothelial cell loss or any other sight-threatening complication was encountered in any patient eye.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Repeat corneal CXL seems to be safe and effective in halting keratoconus progression at 1-year follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":8740,"journal":{"name":"Beyoglu Eye Journal","volume":"11 2","pages":"87-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148668283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refractive Error Changes at Near After Smartphone Use.","authors":"Taghi Naghdi, Haleh Kangari, Alireza Akbarzadeh Baghban, Masoud Khorrami-Nejad","doi":"10.14744/bej.2026.81542","DOIUrl":"10.14744/bej.2026.81542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To quantify short-timescale refractive recovery after a standardized smartphone near task and timed distance-viewing breaks aligned with the 20-20-20 paradigm, and to determine how much of the accommodative/near work-induced transient myopia (NITM) recovery occurs within the earliest seconds of a break.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional, 58 students symptomatic for digital eye strain (Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire score ≥ 6) completed a 20-minute continuous reading task on smartphone. Objective refractive error was recorded with an open-field autorefractor at baseline, immediately post-task, and after distance-viewing breaks of 20 seconds, 1 minute, and 2 minutes (≥6 m fixation; no near work permitted).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of participants was 20.85±1.43 years. At baseline near fixation, mean sphere and SE were -2.08±0.45 and-2.38±0.46 D, respectively. Immediately after 20 minutes of reading, a myopic shift was evident (sphere -2.12±0.50 D; SE -2.47±0.46 D). During distance breaks, refractive measures recovered toward baseline in a biphasic pattern: A significant early recovery within 20 seconds (sphere P=0.007; SE P=0.005), followed by smaller improvements from 20 to 60 seconds (sphere P=0.266; SE P=0.034) and from 60 to 120 seconds (sphere P=0.415; SE P=0.270). Cylinder remained stable across conditions (≈ -0.6 D; P=0.136), whereas sphere and SE varied significantly across near and break intervals (both P<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>After a 20-minute smartphone near task, the largest component of refractive recovery occurs within the first 20 seconds of distance fixation, with diminishing returns up to 2 minutes. This objective kinetics support the refocusing premise of the 20-20-20 approach and indicate that incorporating more frequent distance-viewing breaks can capture most accommodative/NITM recovery (20-2 min-20).</p>","PeriodicalId":8740,"journal":{"name":"Beyoglu Eye Journal","volume":"11 2","pages":"127-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148668339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}