Recent progress in materials最新文献

{"title":"Durability of Alkali-Activated Materials Made with a High-Calcium, Basic Slag","authors":"O. Alelweet, S. Pavia","doi":"10.21926/rpm.2104041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/rpm.2104041","url":null,"abstract":"<span>Alkali activated (AA) materials have been investigated for decades as an alternative to Portland cement (PC) products. Most consist of a silicate waste activated with alkalis, which leads to lower green-house gas emissions and a substantial drop in the use of unrenewable material resources. This paper studies the durability of AA materials made with a ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) from Dublin, activated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and sodium silicate (Na</span>_{<span>2</span>}<span>SiO</span>_{<span>3</span>}<span>), both combined and separately, and cured at 20 and 60°C. The long-term strength and durability were assessed with accelerated weathering tests using thermal-moisture cycling, salt crystallization and freeze-thaw cycling. The 28-day strengths are compared to the 270-day strengths. The mass loss and macro/microscopic changes were investigated. The slag complies with standard requirements being ultra-fine (SSA=1950 m</span>^{<span>2</span>}<span>/kg), basic (1.56 basicity-CaO+ MgO/SiO</span>_{<span>2</span>}<span>) and highly amorphous. It is adequate for alkali activation, having a CaO/SiO</span>_{<span>2</span>}<span> ratio of 1.41 and a Al</span>_{<span>2</span>}<span>O</span>_{<span>3</span>}<span>/SiO</span>_{<span>2</span>}<span> ratio of 0.34. Melilite is the main constituent of the slag, in an isomorphous solid solution with gehlenite as the end member. The results evidenced that mechanical strength is not compromised over time, but it tends to significantly increase between 28 and 270 days. Despite the exaggerated weathering conditions of the laboratory cycling, the strength loss and micro/macro damage after cycling is minimum, except for a few of the Na</span>_{<span>2</span>}<span>SiO</span>_{<span>3</span>}<span> activated slag specimens. The Na</span>_{<span>2</span>}<span>SiO</span>_{<span>3</span>}<span>+NaOH activated GGBS materials showed the greatest resilience to the effects of frost, thermal/moisture and salts, as they remained intact and showed the greatest strenghts after cycling, and an unaltered microstructure consisting of unreacted GGBS and scattered silica cements alternating with alumino-silicates. In contrast, both the NaOH and the Na</span>_{<span>2</span>}<span>SiO</span>_{<span>3</span>}<span> activated GGBS materials were slightly damaged displaying salt efflorescence and microcracks. Increasing the curing temperature does not increase the durability of the AA slag specimens as it doesn’t significantly enhance the late mechanical</span><span dir=\"RTL\"> strength. However, it slightly improves the strengths of the</span><span dir=\"RTL\"> Na</span>_{<span>2</span>}<span>SiO</span>_{<span>3</span>}<span>+NaOH and NaOH activated mixes but lowers the strengths of the Na</span>_{<span>2</span>}<span>SiO</span>_{<span>3</span>} specimens.","PeriodicalId":87352,"journal":{"name":"Recent progress in materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49412769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase Equilibrium in ZrO2-CeO2-Eu2O3 System at a Temperature of 1500 °C","authors":"O. Kornienko, S. Yushkevych, A. V. Sameljuk, O. R. Andrievskaya","doi":"10.21926/rpm.2103036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/rpm.2103036","url":null,"abstract":"The phase equilibria and structural transformations in the ternary ZrO2-CeO2-Eu2O3 system at 1500 °C were studied by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy in the overall concentration range. The system was found to constitute fields of solid solutions based on the tetragonal (Т) modification of ZrО2, cubic (С) and monoclinic (B) modifications of Eu2O3, cubic with a fluorite-type structure (F) modifications of СеО2 (ZrО2), and ordered intermediate phase with a pyrochlore-type structure of Eu2Zr2O7 (Py). The refined lattice parameters of the unit cells corresponding to the solid solutions and microstructures of the definite field of compositions for the systems were determined. The peculiarity of the isothermal section of the phase diagram in the ZrO2-СеO2-Eu2O3 system at 1500 °С is the formation of phase equilibria on the basis of the fluorite solid solutions of ZrO2(CeO2) along with other components. There are at least three homogeneous fields of cubic phases. The isothermal section of the ZrO2-CeO2-Eu2O3 system at 1500 °С was constituted of four three-phase regions (C-Eu2O3 + F-CeO2+Py, C-Eu2O3 + F-ZrO2+Py, Py + F-ZrO2 + T-ZrO2, Py + F-CeO2 + T-ZrO2).","PeriodicalId":87352,"journal":{"name":"Recent progress in materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46697786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meat Waste Valorization through Protein Hydrolysis using Different Types of Proteases","authors":"M. Szucs, M. Angulo, C. Costa, M. C. Márquez","doi":"10.21926/rpm.2104045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/rpm.2104045","url":null,"abstract":"Five different commercial proteases (Alcalase 2.4L, Flavourzyme 1000L, Neutrase, Protamex, and PTN) were evaluated for the simultaneous recovery of protein and lipids through hydrolysis. The hydrolysis reaction was monitored using the pH-stat procedure, in which samples were collected after 240 min of hydrolysis using each enzyme. The samples were analyzed for the degree of hydrolysis, protein hydrolysate, collagen, lipids, and fatty acids. A clear relationship was observed between the degree of hydrolysis and the amounts of recovered products. Serine endopeptidases from the microbial source (Alcalase) resulted in the maximum degree of hydrolysis (27.5%), lipid recovery (82.6%), and protein hydrolysates quality (average molecular weight of the hydrolysates = 472 Dalton), followed by formulations of serine protease and metalloprotease from the microbial source (Protamex). Metalloproteases from the microbial source (Neutrase) resulted in maximum collagen recovery (87.1%). Serine endopeptidases from the animal source (PTN) and endo/exopeptidases from the fungal source (Flavourzyme) exhibited an intermediate efficacy between Alcalase and Neutrase. In the case of all proteases, the product fatty acid profile matched well with that of the meat waste, which suggests that no chemical changes occurred in the lipids after the hydrolysis with the evaluated proteases. These results suggest that hydrolysis using proteases could serve as an ecofriendly and viable alternative for obtaining additional value from meat waste.","PeriodicalId":87352,"journal":{"name":"Recent progress in materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48026206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum Chemistry Estimation of Adhesion Strength of Hydroxyapatite with Titanium Substrate","authors":"A. Balueva, I. Dashevskiy, P. Todebush","doi":"10.21926/rpm.2104043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/rpm.2104043","url":null,"abstract":"One of the ways to improve the fusion of an implant with bone tissue is through the use of biocompatible coatings, in particular, hydroxyapatite (HAp). It is important to assess the strength of the HAp adhesion to the implant. The measure of the strength of the bond of the coating with the substrate is the energy of this bond. Using density functional theory and molecular dynamics, the reaction path, reaction products, oscillation frequency, activation energy and bond energy between different combinations of component anions HAp and Ti (II) – the standard material of implants – are calculated. Using the computational chemistry software suite Gaussian 09 (Revision C.01 was used), the stable configurations of the reactants and products are found, and the binding energy of hydroxyapatite and titanium is then calculated based on the difference in ground energy of reactants and ground energy of products. Thus, the method of adhesion strength estimation between HAp coatings and Ti is proposed based on numerical calculations using MD software, and suggestions are provided on which conditions would be the best for optimal binding strength.","PeriodicalId":87352,"journal":{"name":"Recent progress in materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47008268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of Fermentable Sugars from Cassava Stem using Hybrid Pretreatment Technology","authors":"S. Sivamani, R. Baskar, B. Lakshmi","doi":"10.21926/rpm.2103037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/rpm.2103037","url":null,"abstract":"One of the crucial steps in the enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass is pretreatment. We investigated the applicability of a hybrid pretreatment method, This involved acid treatment followed by alkali before the production of fermentable sugars from cassava stem. The substrate was initially treated with acid (1% oxalic acid at 100 °C for 2 h), followed by treatment with a 10% NaOH–urea mixture (by mixing 5 g each of NaOH and urea in 100 mL of water) at 100 °C for 1 h. A cellulose recovery of 98.55% was obtained with the acid-alkali pretreatment method.","PeriodicalId":87352,"journal":{"name":"Recent progress in materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47996536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of α-Lactalbumin [α-La] from Whey as a Vehicle for Bioactive Compounds in Food Technology and Pharmaceutics: A Review","authors":"A. P. Cuevas-Gómez, I. Arroyo-Maya, Hernández-Sánchez Humberto","doi":"10.21926/rpm.2102027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/rpm.2102027","url":null,"abstract":"Whey protein is a byproduct of cheese, casein, and Greek yogurt produced in Europe, North America, and Australasia. It is a substantial source of functional proteins and peptides for the worldwide food industry. α-Lactalbumin (α-La) is a globular protein that can be isolated from WPI (whey protein isolates) using techniques such as chromatography/gel filtration, membrane separation, etc. α-La is used in the elaboration of functional foods and is a very good source of peptides with anticancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, antihypertensive, immunomodulating, opioid, mineral-binding, and antioxidant bioactivities. Nanotubes and nanoparticles generated from this protein are utilized as vehicles for the transport of active compounds, and thus, can be used in foods and pharmaceutical industries. The contaminant effects of whey, characteristics of α-La, production technologies, and its applications in nanotechnology are reviewed here.","PeriodicalId":87352,"journal":{"name":"Recent progress in materials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68397224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of AAR and Sulfate Attack on Wadi Gravel Concrete after 4 Years in Service","authors":"K. Hassan, I. Sims, M. Reid, Alex Smith, M. Al-Kuwari","doi":"10.21926/rpm.2103038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/rpm.2103038","url":null,"abstract":"Wadi gravel is a local aggregate in Qatar that could contribute to enhanced sustainability by replacing expensive imported gabbro. The material needs to be processed before use to reduce sulfate content to acceptable levels. The paper presents the performance assessment of three full-scale buildings, variously made with 50% and 100% Wadi gravel and conventional gabbro concretes. Site monitoring up to four years in service demonstrated the strength development with age and resistance to the aggressive exposure conditions in Qatar. The Wadi gravel concrete exhibited at least similar performance to the gabbro concrete, and excellent durability as defined in national construction specifications. The paper provides initial long-term assessment and builds on previous publications by the authors, for initial assessment of Wadi gravel concrete. In an earlier investigation by the authors, a difference was observed between the concrete prism expansion test results of RILEM AAR-4.1 and BS 812-123. Wadi gravel was classified as potentially reactive in the more accelerated RILEM AAR-4.1 and of low reactivity in the more realistic exposure BS 812-123. Petrographic examination of the hardened concrete after four years in service has shown no evidence of cracking or signs of distress or deterioration and confirmed the BS 812-123 interpretation of alkali-silica reactivity of Wadi gravel concrete. The results obtained in this investigation provide more confidence for the wider and efficient use of Wadi gravel in structural concrete.","PeriodicalId":87352,"journal":{"name":"Recent progress in materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41486329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Aging, Sterilization, and Composition on the Degradation of Polyurethane Foams","authors":"Samuel T Briggs, M. B. Monroe, Mark Weizbicki, S. M. Hasan, D. Maitland","doi":"10.21926/rpm.2102025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/rpm.2102025","url":null,"abstract":"Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are highly attractive materials for medical devices. Specifically, SMP foams are currently being used as embolic devices in peripheral and cerebral vascular applications. To ensure the proper function and safety of these materials in their intended applications, it is important to understand how processing treatments, such as aging, sterilization, and foam composition can influence their degradation. Here, SMP foams were treated with industry relevant processing parameters, and the influence on degradation was observed via gravimetric, chemical, and morphological studies. Accelerated thermal aging was shown to have an influence on material degradation rate in real time oxidative studies. Sterilization was performed via Electron beam (E-beam) irradiation at the high and low dosages commonly used in industry and had no significant influence on foam degradation profiles. These findings help inform appropriate treatment of SMP foam embolic devices to ensure their safety and efficacy.","PeriodicalId":87352,"journal":{"name":"Recent progress in materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48296465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Recycled Rubber Particles on the Deicing Salt-Scaling Durability of Concrete","authors":"Layachi Guelmine, H. Hadjab","doi":"10.21926/rpm.2103033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/rpm.2103033","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigated the effect of reused rubber particles (RRP) on the deicer salt durability of ordinary concrete. Four mixtures were designed, a control concrete (CC) and three other rubber concretes obtained by partial substitution of natural dune sand aggregate with reused rubber particles with 0%, 3%, 6%, and 9% w/w. All studied concretes were subjected to the combined effect of freeze/thaw (56 and 120) cycles with the deicer salt solution of 3% NaCl. The results indicated that RRP improved the deicer-salt scaling resistance of rubber concrete strongly compared with the control. The observed innovative property of RRP could be applied to cement-based materials to improve their deicer salt durability. Further, this environmentally friendly practice could reduce the stock of waste tires and offer a renewable source of construction aggregates.","PeriodicalId":87352,"journal":{"name":"Recent progress in materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44772420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of the Multi-Physical Characteristics of Plant Aggregates and Their Effects on the Properties of Plant-Based Concrete","authors":"Herinjaka Haga Ratsimbazafy, A. Laborel-Preneron, C. Magniont, P. Evon","doi":"10.21926/rpm.2102026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/rpm.2102026","url":null,"abstract":"The use of plant aggregates obtained from agricultural co-products mixed with mineral binders to form eco-friendly insulating building materials has been initiated for a few years to bring environmentally friendly solutions to the construction sector. Several studies on different agro-resources have already been carried out, providing various information about the properties of plant aggregates and plant-based concrete. However, the characteristics of the agricultural co-product, which allow it to qualify as a plant aggregate for plant-based concrete, are not yet very clear despite the multitude of data, especially on hemp concrete. Therefore, it is important to gather numerous but very disparate pieces of information available in the literature concerning the properties of plant aggregates and their correlations with composites. This review is based on the results of 120 articles and aims to identify the characterization methods and the multi-physical properties of plant aggregates affecting those of plant-based concrete and to propose additional factors that could influence the properties of the composites. A total of 18 plant aggregates of different origins used for plant-based concrete have been listed in the literature. In France, hemp shiv is the most studied one, but its quantity is quite low unlike cereal or oilseed straws and wood transformation residues. With the existence of several characterization methods, properties like microstructure, particle size distribution, bulk density, water absorption capacity, and chemical composition of aggregates are easily and frequently determined. In contrast, data on the apparent density of particles, the skeleton density, and the hygro-thermal properties of aggregates are rare. The particle size, density, and porosity have been identified as important parameters influencing the properties of the composites. Other parameters related to the behavior of the aggregates under wet compaction and compression of their stacking can also predict the physical and mechanical properties of the obtained plant-based concrete. Dosages of the constituents should be preferred as formulation parameters for future studies assessing the impact of the aggregate properties on the composites.","PeriodicalId":87352,"journal":{"name":"Recent progress in materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48814756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}