Oncology & hematology review最新文献_第3页

Evolving Management Strategies for Metastatic Esophageal and Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma. 转移性食管和胃食管交界处腺癌的治疗策略。

Oncology & hematology review Pub Date : 2018-01-01 Epub Date: 2018-11-27 DOI: 10.17925/OHR.2018.14.2.82

Satya Das, Michael K Gibson

{"title":"Evolving Management Strategies for Metastatic Esophageal and Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Satya Das, Michael K Gibson","doi":"10.17925/OHR.2018.14.2.82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/OHR.2018.14.2.82","url":null,"abstract":"Metastatic or unresectable esophageal and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma represent a devastating disease with 5-year survival rate of <5%. Although cytotoxic chemotherapy with platinum-doublet-based regimens is initially effective, patients inevitably progress. Patients often decline rapidly after this initial progression, making later lines of therapy a challenge to successfully administer There have been multiple efforts to incorporate biologic agents, targeting pathways known to be dysregulated in esophageal adenocarcinoma and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, into existing chemotherapy backbones. Other than therapeutics targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), other strategies have failed. Given the mixed success of biologic agents, along with the promise of immunotherapy to generate durable and sometimes complete responses, immune-agent based trials are a major area of interest for patients with this disease. Checkpoint inhibitors blocking programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) have demonstrated modest single-agent efficacy in patients with progressive esophageal adenocarcinoma and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. However, other approaches such as novel checkpoint combinations, vaccine-based approaches and autologous T cells hold more promise to change the trajectory of disease.","PeriodicalId":87332,"journal":{"name":"Oncology & hematology review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/aa/30/nihms-1025308.PMC6527138.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37264615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Targeting Cancer Stem Cells-A Renewed Therapeutic Paradigm. 靶向癌症干细胞--全新的治疗范例。

Oncology & hematology review Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-05-23 DOI: 10.17925/ohr.2017.13.01.45

Catherine L Amey, Antoine E Karnoub

{"title":"Targeting Cancer Stem Cells-A Renewed Therapeutic Paradigm.","authors":"Catherine L Amey, Antoine E Karnoub","doi":"10.17925/ohr.2017.13.01.45","DOIUrl":"10.17925/ohr.2017.13.01.45","url":null,"abstract":"Metastasis is often accompanied by radio- and chemotherapeutic resistance to anticancer treatments and is the major cause of death in cancer patients. Better understanding of how cancer cells circumvent therapeutic insults and how disseminated cancer clones generate life-threatening metastases would therefore be paramount to the development of effective therapeutic approaches for clinical management of malignant disease. Mounting reports over the past two decades have provided evidence for the existence of a minor population of highly malignant cells within liquid and solid tumors, which are capable of self-renewing and of regenerating secondary growths with the heterogeneity of the primary tumors from which they derive. These cells, called tumor-initiating cells or cancer stem cells (CSCs) exhibit increased resistance to standard radio- and chemotherapies and appear to have mechanisms that enable them to evade immune surveillance. CSCs are therefore considered to be responsible for systemic residual disease after cancer therapy, as well as for disease relapse. How CSCs develop, the nature of the interactions they establish with their microenvironment, their phenotypic and functional characteristics, as well as their molecular dependencies have all taken center stage in cancer therapy. Indeed, improved understanding of CSC biology is critical to the development of important CSC-based anti-neoplastic approaches that have the potential to radically improve cancer management. Here, we summarize some of the most pertinent elements regarding CSC development and properties, and highlight some of the clinical modalities in current development as anti-CSC therapeutics.","PeriodicalId":87332,"journal":{"name":"Oncology & hematology review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8098671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38968069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Yoga for the Treatment of Insomnia among Cancer Patients: Evidence, Mechanisms of Action, and Clinical Recommendations. 瑜伽治疗癌症患者失眠:证据、作用机制和临床建议。

Oncology & hematology review Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.17925/ohr.2014.10.2.164

Karen M Mustian, Michelle Janelsins, Luke J Peppone, Charles Kamen

{"title":"Yoga for the Treatment of Insomnia among Cancer Patients: Evidence, Mechanisms of Action, and Clinical Recommendations.","authors":"Karen M Mustian, Michelle Janelsins, Luke J Peppone, Charles Kamen","doi":"10.17925/ohr.2014.10.2.164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/ohr.2014.10.2.164","url":null,"abstract":"Up to 90% of cancer patients report symptoms of insomnia during and after treatment. Symptoms of insomnia include excessive daytime sleepiness, difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, and waking up too early. Insomnia symptoms are among the most prevalent, distressing and persistent cancer- and cancer treatment-related toxicities reported by patients, and can be severe enough to increase cancer morbidity and mortality. Despite the ubiquity of insomnia symptoms, they are under-screened, under-diagnosed, and under-treated in cancer patients. When insomnia symptoms are identified, providers are hesitant to prescribe, and patients are hesitant to take pharmaceuticals due to polypharmacy concerns. In addition, sleep medications do not cure insomnia. Yoga is a well-tolerated mode of exercise with promising evidence for its efficacy in improving insomnia symptoms among cancer patients. This article reviews existing clinical research on the effectiveness of yoga for treating insomnia among cancer patients. The article also provides clinical recommendations for prescribing yoga for the treatment of insomnia in this population.","PeriodicalId":87332,"journal":{"name":"Oncology & hematology review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4386006/pdf/nihms668243.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33205446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Androgen Deprivation Therapy and the Re-emergence of Parenteral Estrogen in Prostate Cancer. 前列腺癌的雄激素剥夺治疗和肠外雌激素的再次出现。

Oncology & hematology review Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.17925/ohr.2014.10.1.42

Iain Phillips, Syed I A Shah, Trinh Duong, Paul Abel, Ruth E Langley

{"title":"Androgen Deprivation Therapy and the Re-emergence of Parenteral Estrogen in Prostate Cancer.","authors":"Iain Phillips, Syed I A Shah, Trinh Duong, Paul Abel, Ruth E Langley","doi":"10.17925/ohr.2014.10.1.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/ohr.2014.10.1.42","url":null,"abstract":"Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) resulting in testosterone suppression is central to the management of prostate cancer (PC). As PC incidence increases, ADT is more frequently prescribed, and for longer periods of time as survival improves. Initial approaches to ADT included orchiectomy or oral estrogen (diethylstilbestrol [DES]). DES reduces PC-specific mortality, but causes substantial cardiovascular (CV) toxicity. Currently, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists (LHRHa) are mainly used; they produce low levels of both testosterone and estrogen (as estrogen in men results from the aromatization of testosterone), and many toxicities including osteoporosis, fractures, hot flashes, erectile dysfunction, muscle weakness, increased risk for diabetes, changes in body composition, and CV toxicity. An alternative approach is parenteral estrogen, it suppresses testosterone, appears to mitigate the CV complications of oral estrogen by avoiding first-pass hepatic metabolism, and avoids complications caused by estrogen deprivation. Recent research on the toxicity of ADT and the rationale for revisiting parenteral estrogen is discussed.","PeriodicalId":87332,"journal":{"name":"Oncology & hematology review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4052190/pdf/emss-58521.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32427969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Hormone Therapy plus mTOR Inhibitors in the Treatment of Endometrial Carcinoma. 激素治疗联合mTOR抑制剂治疗子宫内膜癌。

Oncology & hematology review Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.17925/ohr.2013.09.1.41

Erica M Stringer, Gini F Fleming

引用次数: 3

Exercise Recommendations for Cancer-Related Fatigue, Cognitive Impairment, Sleep problems, Depression, Pain, Anxiety, and Physical Dysfunction: A Review. 针对癌症相关疲劳、认知障碍、睡眠问题、抑郁、疼痛、焦虑和身体功能障碍的运动建议:综述

Oncology & hematology review Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.17925/ohr.2012.08.2.81

Karen M Mustian, Lisa K Sprod, Michelle Janelsins, Luke J Peppone, Supriya Mohile

引用次数: 138

Therapeutic Mechanisms of Treatment in Cervical and Vaginal Cancer. 宫颈癌和阴道癌的治疗机制。

Oncology & hematology review Pub Date : 2012-01-01

Charles A Kunos

引用次数: 0