Journal of environment and health sciences最新文献_第4页

Social Determinants of Health and Cancer Survivorship. 健康和癌症生存的社会决定因素。

Journal of environment and health sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-14

Steven S Coughlin

引用次数: 0

Health Literacy, Social Determinants of Health, and Disease Prevention and Control 健康素养、健康的社会决定因素和疾病预防与控制

Journal of environment and health sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-16 DOI: 10.15436/2378-6841.20.3061

S. Coughlin, Marlo M. Vernon, Christos Hatzigeorgiou, Varghese George

{"title":"Health Literacy, Social Determinants of Health, and Disease Prevention and Control","authors":"S. Coughlin, Marlo M. Vernon, Christos Hatzigeorgiou, Varghese George","doi":"10.15436/2378-6841.20.3061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15436/2378-6841.20.3061","url":null,"abstract":"Health literacy has been defined as the “degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions” (Nielsen-Bohlman et al., 2004). Low health literacy is associated with more hospitalizations, greater use of emergency care, decreased use of preventive services, poorer ability to interpret labels and health messages, poorer health status, higher mortality, and higher health care costs (Berkman et al., 2011). Functional health literacy extends beyond proficiency in reading, writing, and numeracy to include interpretation of images and oral communication (Magnani et al., 2018; Ousseine 2019). Communicative health literacy is essential to abstract skills such as evaluating and weighing treatment considerations and engaging in medical decision-making (Magnani et al., 2018; Ousseine 2019). Low health literacy negatively impacts disease self-management and individual health behaviors such as adherence with weight control and tobacco cessation interventions and cancer screening recommendations (Weiss & Smith-Simone, 2010; Bennett et al., 2009). Individuals with low health literacy are more likely to present with advanced illness, resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment and poorer outcomes (Aljassim & Ostini, 2020).","PeriodicalId":87298,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environment and health sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81135732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Tobacco Cessation, Rural Residence, and Lung Cancer 戒烟、农村居住与肺癌

Journal of environment and health sciences Pub Date : 2020-02-17 DOI: 10.15436/2378-6841.20.2675

S. Coughlin, Marlo M. Vernon, Ban A. Majeed, Catherine Clary, J. Moore, K. Islam, M. Tingen

{"title":"Tobacco Cessation, Rural Residence, and Lung Cancer","authors":"S. Coughlin, Marlo M. Vernon, Ban A. Majeed, Catherine Clary, J. Moore, K. Islam, M. Tingen","doi":"10.15436/2378-6841.20.2675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15436/2378-6841.20.2675","url":null,"abstract":"Tobacco use remains the leading cause of preventable mortality and morbidity in the U.S., responsible for nearly 443,000 deaths annually (Fu et al., 2014; CDC, 2011). Cigarette smoking has been causally linked to numerous types of cancer (lung, mouth, nasal cavity, throat, laryngeal, esophageal, stomach, colon, liver, pancreatic, bladder, cervical, acute myeloid leukemia); cardiovascular disease (heart disease, stroke, aortic aneurysm); diabetes; rheumatoid arthritis; age-related macular degeneration; and respiratory illness (chronic bronchitis, emphysema) (NCI 2014). Smoking also contributes to respiratory infections (e.g., pneumonia) and, if a mother smokes while pregnant, to low birth weight and premature birth, the primary causes of infant mortality. Use of other tobacco products such as cigars or pipes and electronic cigarettes also increase the risk of cancer. In the U.S., cigarette smoking causes about 90% of lung cancers. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), tobacco smoke is a toxic mixture of more than 7,000 chemicals, of which at least 70 are known to cause cancer. In addition to nicotine, tobacco users are exposed to several classes of carcinogenic and other toxicants such as tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs), volatile organic compounds (VOC), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), all of which have been linked to cancer, heart and lung diseases (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2010). Individuals who smoke are 15–30 times more likely to develop lung cancer and die from lung cancer than people who do not smoke (NCI 2014).","PeriodicalId":87298,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environment and health sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":"1 - 4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85289252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Tobacco Cessation, Rural Residence, and Lung Cancer. 戒烟、农村居住与肺癌。

Journal of environment and health sciences Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-02-17

Steven S Coughlin, Marlo Vernon, Ban Majeed, Catherine Clary, Justin Moore, K M Islam, Martha S Tingen

引用次数: 0

Health Literacy, Social Determinants of Health, and Disease Prevention and Control. 健康素养、健康的社会决定因素和疾病预防与控制。

Journal of environment and health sciences Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-12-16

Steven S Coughlin, Marlo Vernon, Christos Hatzigeorgiou, Varghese George

引用次数: 0

Continuing Challenges in Rural Health in the United States 美国农村卫生的持续挑战

Journal of environment and health sciences Pub Date : 2019-12-16 DOI: 10.15436/2378-6841.19.2639

S. Coughlin, Catherine Clary, J. A. Johnson, A. Berman, Vahé Heboyan, Teal W. Benevides, J. Moore, Varghese George, Ommega Internationals

引用次数: 41

The Augusta Heart Study 奥古斯塔心脏研究

Journal of environment and health sciences Pub Date : 2019-02-28 DOI: 10.15436/2378-6841.19.2039

Varghese George, G. Kapuku, Santu Ghosh, V. Doshi, Patricia Hall, W. Strong, F. Treiber, D. Pollock, J. Pollock, R. Harris, J. Halbert, G. Harshfield, Ommega Internationals

{"title":"The Augusta Heart Study","authors":"Varghese George, G. Kapuku, Santu Ghosh, V. Doshi, Patricia Hall, W. Strong, F. Treiber, D. Pollock, J. Pollock, R. Harris, J. Halbert, G. Harshfield, Ommega Internationals","doi":"10.15436/2378-6841.19.2039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15436/2378-6841.19.2039","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The Augusta Heart Study is a NIH-funded multiracial longitudinal project, started in 1985, that examines cardiovascular health of children and adolescents in the Metro Augusta area. The objective was to develop a longitudinal cohort starting in childhood that would identify precursors and underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms that contribute to preclinical manifestations of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The focus was initially on sociodemographic factors, ethnicity, physical activity and obesity. In 2002, an additional focus on stress-related mechanisms of hypertension risk was initiated. The main objective of this paper is to introduce the rich database of this longitudinal multiracial cohort to researchers interested in assessing risk factors of lifetime development of CVD.\u0000\u0000Methods: Overall, 585 youth were recruited during 1985-2002. This cohort was maintained, and new age-matching participants were added so that, by 2007, the participant pool included 300 African Americans and 307 European Americans.\u0000\u0000Results: Valuable data, including childhood and young adulthood cardiovascular phenotypes and genotypes, were collected over a thirty-year span. Data were carefully curated and a comprehensive database was created to store data in digital format. As an illustration of the valuable research potential of the database, we performed a longitudinal analysis of the left ventricular mass using a mixed effect growth curve model.\u0000\u0000Conclusions: The database allows longitudinal analysis of precursors of cardiovascular disease and their underlying mechanisms, allowing to explore beyond simple epidemiology and orienting toward translational research. This cohort may also be used to evaluate the development of other disease processes. Our analysis of the left ventricular mass points out to the early onset and rapid elevation of blood pressure and cardiac mass in African Americans compared to European Americans, and males compared to females.","PeriodicalId":87298,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environment and health sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45089677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The Prevalence of People With Restricted Access to Work in Man-Made Electromagnetic Environments 受限制人员在人造电磁环境中工作的患病率

Journal of environment and health sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-18 DOI: 10.15436/2378-6841.19.2402

Michael Bevington, Ommega Internationals

{"title":"The Prevalence of People With Restricted Access to Work in Man-Made Electromagnetic Environments","authors":"Michael Bevington, Ommega Internationals","doi":"10.15436/2378-6841.19.2402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15436/2378-6841.19.2402","url":null,"abstract":"Some surveys have identified people who have restricted access to work in environments with man-made electromagnetic exposures. This study attempts to determine their prevalence, an aspect not previously investigated in its own right. It is based on analyses of the two different types of surveys of people with Idiopathic Environmental Intolerance attributed to Electromagnetic Fields (IEI-EMF), or Electromagnetic Hyper-Sensitivity (EHS), either of the general population or of people with IEI-EMF/EHS. In addition, there are different definitions of IEI-EMF/EHS, with a range of subconscious, mild, moderate or severe symptoms, potentially leading in three stages to hyper-sensitivity. The current evidence is assessed as indicating that, in addition to subconscious sensitivity, the prevalence of IEI-EMF/EHS is between about 5.0 and 30 per cent of the general population for mild cases, 1.5 and 5.0 per cent for moderate cases and < 1.5 per cent for severe cases. The prevalence of people restricted in their access to work in a man-made electromagnetic environment is estimated at 0.65 per cent of the general population, at about 18% of the general population with moderate IEI-EMF/EHS. The estimate of 0.65% equates to 435,500 people in the UK’s population of 67 million. Some reasons for possible under-reporting are discussed. Adjustments can enable some people with this disability to remain in employment, suggesting that rates of restriction in access to work may fall as employers become aware of what adjustments are needed.","PeriodicalId":87298,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environment and health sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47631033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Burn Pits Exposure and Chronic Respiratory Illnesses among Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans. 伊拉克和阿富汗退伍军人的烧伤坑暴露和慢性呼吸道疾病。

Journal of environment and health sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-02-09 DOI: 10.15436/2378-6841.19.2429

Steven S Coughlin, Anthony Szema

引用次数: 0

Putting Action into Population Health Science: Primary Care Interventions to Address Social Determinants of Health. 将行动纳入人口健康科学：解决健康的社会决定因素的初级保健干预措施。

Journal of environment and health sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-08-16

Steven S Coughlin, Joseph Hobbs, Pam Cromer, Varghese George, Christos Hatzigeorgiou

{"title":"Putting Action into Population Health Science: Primary Care Interventions to Address Social Determinants of Health.","authors":"Steven S Coughlin, Joseph Hobbs, Pam Cromer, Varghese George, Christos Hatzigeorgiou","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Concern about health equity and social determinants of illness (e.g., income inequalities, lack of education, food insecurity) figure prominently in many conceptions of population health. In order to illustrate how population health can actively translate science into action, we consider primary care interventions that promote healthy populations by addressing the social determinants of health. In the examples provided in this article, primary care and population health are linked in a way that reinforces each other, and these innovative interventions may lead to improved health outcomes. Population health science provides a variety of methods and approaches for designing and evaluating interventions that aim to link patients with community resources that can address social determinants of health and improve the quality of their lives. Population health can serve as an important bridge between primary care and the public health sector. Population health science has been defined as \"the study of the conditions that shape distributions of health within and across populations, and of the mechanisms through which these conditions manifest as the health of individuals\" (Keys, K.M. 2016). According to this perspective, population health science elucidates the mechanisms that produce disease and the discipline of public health then applies that information to promote health in populations. Put another way, population health can be seen as the basic science of public health (Galea, S., et al. 2018). Other conceptions of population health have a direct concern with the translation of science into actions, and view science and action as linked and reinforcing each other (Kindig, D., et al. 2003; Diez Roux, A.V, 2016). For example, Kindig & Stoddart (2003) differentiated population health from public health, health promotion, and social epidemiology and argued that \"the field of population health includes health outcomes, patterns of health determinants, and policies and interventions that link these two.\" The thesis of this commentary is that population health science goes beyond studying the mechanisms that shape distributions within and across populations to include actions that promote health of the entire human population. In support of this thesis, examples are provided from the literature on interventions in primary care that promote healthy populations by addressing the social determinants of health.</p>","PeriodicalId":87298,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environment and health sciences","volume":"5 2","pages":"59-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6866229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0