Journal of biomedical and allied research最新文献

{"title":"Risk Factors and Microbiological Outcome in Neonatal Sepsis: A Clinical Study","authors":"Venugopal Reddy I","doi":"10.37191/mapsci-2582-4937-5(1)-034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37191/mapsci-2582-4937-5(1)-034","url":null,"abstract":"Infection is the predominant cause of neonatal deaths universally. Neonatal deaths (30-50%) every year is caused due to sepsis. Due to nosocomial infections and their associated morbidities, cost and mortality, betterment of neonatal outcomes is complicated as hospitals in developing countries are at major risk for the transmission of infection. The present study aimed to analyse sepsis risk factors and microbiological outcome in the NICU and post-natal ward. The study diagnosed the affected neonates as earliest possible so that suitable antibiotic treatment can be done without adding to the burden of antibiotic resistance. In this study, 94% of babies with neonatal sepsis were discharged and 6% of babies succumbed to the illness. Low birth weight between 1500-2500 grams was noted as an important contributing factor to sepsis in babies. PROM was found to be greater than 18 hours in (46%) of cases. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the common pathogen amongst gram negative bacteria in the present study and thus was the common cause of septicemia in neonates, and Coagulase negative Staphylococcus and Staphylococcus aureus were common bacteria among the gram-positive bacteria. A higher mortality rate in cases of late onset sepsis was observed and was explained probably due to prolonged NICU stay, multiple interventions such as mechanical ventilation, umbilical venous catheterization, and central lines.","PeriodicalId":87293,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical and allied research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47819906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cholera Outbreak in Haiti 2010-2011","authors":"K. Mwenda","doi":"10.37191/mapsci-2582-4937-5(1)-032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37191/mapsci-2582-4937-5(1)-032","url":null,"abstract":"The cholera epidemic that started with just a few cases soon found its way in all the corners of the republic of Haiti and this was a major blow to the public health and sanitation of the country. For the nation that had not experienced cholera cases in more than 100 years, this was one of the most devastating catastrophes of all time. For a disease that causes severe diarrhea and dehydration that can lead to death within 48 hours, Haitian authorities and supporting organizations were fighting against time to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with the cholera outbreak. This article review explores the efforts made by various actors to contain the outbreak, the retrospective review looks at the origin, magnitude of the catastrophe, the efforts to contain it, the factors that aided the spread and the public health social determinants that would have helped reduce the magnitude.","PeriodicalId":87293,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical and allied research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43251101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response System: An Intervention to Reduce Maternal and Perinatal Deaths in Africa; Using Nigeria as a Case Study","authors":"Isaac Tenzek Kiroso","doi":"10.37191/mapsci-2582-4937-5(1)-033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37191/mapsci-2582-4937-5(1)-033","url":null,"abstract":"Zero maternal and early neonatal deaths from preventable causes have been a global target for many years. There has been observed improvement as the trends have reduced for the past 20 years globally. While this can be seen as a considerable global reduction, it is, however, not uniform to continents, regions, and Nations. Of note, Sub-Saharan African countries remain the worst affected. Healthcare solutions to manage or prevent complications in pregnancy and childbirth are well known. While access to quality skilled care has been accepted globally as a major solution to the reduction of maternal and perinatal deaths and it is the greatest need of every woman, the majority of countries in Sub-Saharan Africa lack an accountability framework to ensure every woman in childbirth receive the right care, every time. For this reason, the sustainable development goals called for a renewed focus, and the healthcare system is held accountable for quality service provision. This article appreciates the efforts and approaches African Countries have put to close the gap. However, after several years of implementation, the goal remains far from being achieved. This article, therefore, provides the significance of adopting maternal and perinatal death surveillance and response (MPDSR) as a quality improvement methodology, using Nigeria as a case study. This will definitely contribute to the realization of global targets among countries in sub-Saharan Africa with a high burden of maternal deaths. It further explains why and how the MPDSR system works and outlines the structural and operational requirements for the implementation of the methodology.","PeriodicalId":87293,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical and allied research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70021132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the Antiviral Activity and Toxicity of Dextrin - In Vitro Study","authors":"G. Hakobyan","doi":"10.37191/mapsci-2582-4937-5(1)-031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37191/mapsci-2582-4937-5(1)-031","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study was to in vitro study of the antiviral effect of \"Dextrin\" on the replication of the EMCV virus in HeLa cells and toxicity of \"Dextrin\". Methods: For this purpose, the virus at a dose of 100 TCD50 is applied to a 24-hour monolayer of HeLa cells. The experiment is carried out under conditions of 5% CO2 saturation and 100% humidity. The virus dose used was expressed as a tissue cytopathic dose of 100 TCD50/ml. Cultivation of HeLa cells, to study toxicity, was performed on 96-well plates under conditions of 5% CO2 saturation and 100% humidity. The toxic effect of \"Dextrin\" on HeLa cells was studied by the degree of destruction of the monolayer and at the population level. Results: Peak levels of the virus reached after 48 hours of replication accompanied by complete destruction of the cell monolayer (7-8 cycles of replication). As follows from the graph, “Dextrin significantly” (significance is indicated by asterisks.) reduces the dose of the virus when introduced into the medium with HeLa cells to, or at the early stages of EMCV virus replication (-1,0 and 1 hour). Based on the data obtained, it was decided to use a dose of 1:100 (1%), which is the highest non-toxic dose. Conclusion: “The investigated Dextrin has an antiviral effect against the EMCV virus, when applied in the early stages of infection. This may open up the prospect of studying the antiviral spectrum of Dextrin in more future studies”.","PeriodicalId":87293,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical and allied research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45153864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Transplanted Stem Cell Dynamic Variables in the Bone Marrow of Children with Malignancies","authors":"P. Oktar","doi":"10.37191/mapsci-2582-4937-5(1)-030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37191/mapsci-2582-4937-5(1)-030","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: According to risk classifications, the transplant of healthy hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow is a priority treatment option for hematopoietic diseases. The effectiveness of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation after bone marrow transplantation is largely dependent on the capacity of the bone marrow microenvironment to accept transplanted cells. Detailed analysis of hematopoietic stem cell kinetics after transplantation is very important, as initial transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells affects prognosis. In this study, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell percentage values were evaluated together with other transplantation-related parameters to determine the capacity of stem cell dynamic variables in the bone marrow. Methods: Dynamic variables in hematopoietic stem cell fate in bone marrow transplantation include many parameters; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation rates in the apheresis product of 13 patients and cell counts per kilogram and engraftment times, CD34+ cell rates, CD34+ cell counts per kilogram, chimerism rates, Graft-versus-Host Disease grades, white blood cell counts, and post-transplant relapse status. In the apheresis products collected from the patients before transplantation, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells were identified by the immunophenotypic barcode \"CD34+, CD38-, CD45RA-, CD90+, CD49f+\", and data analysis was performed with the BD FACSDivaTM software by studying on the BD FACSCanto II flow cytometer device. Results: According to the results of the pearson correlation analysis (non-parametric correlations), a strong positive and significant relationship was found between the number of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation per kg and the percentage of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation of the patients (r=.733, p<.05). According to the results of the analysis, there was a moderately significant and positive relationship (r=.631, p<.05) between the percentage of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and platelet engraftment time, while there was a strong inverse relationship between erythrocyte engraftment time (r=-.730, p<.01). A strong positive and significant relationship was found between the number of Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation cells per kilogram infused into the patients and the platelet engraftment times (r=.780, p<.05). Conclusion: This study confirms that a mean cell dose of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells ≥ 2.57 x 106/kg infused provides rapid short- and long-term platelet engraftment in pediatric patients undergoing autologous and allogeneic transplantation. This study is important in terms of revealing the possible relationship between pulling forward the platelet engraftment time and the number and percentage of Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in our transplanted patients. It is also important that a statistically significant inverse relationship was determined between HSPC values and mean erythrocyte engraftment times.","PeriodicalId":87293,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical and allied research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45436099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kalanchoe Pinnata is a Miraculous Plant: A Review","authors":"Poonam Dogra","doi":"10.37191/mapsci-2582-4937-4(2)-029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37191/mapsci-2582-4937-4(2)-029","url":null,"abstract":"A variety of names for Kalanchoe pinnata include wondering the world, miraculous plant, and the Pattharchatta. It features tall cylindrical stems, meaty, deeply scalloped dark green leaves, and pendulous scarlet and bell-shaped blooms that are trimmed. It is well-known in the scientific community to display a wide spectrum of pharmacological actions that include the treatment of the most severe human disorders. The pharmacological studies are reviewed and discussed, focusing on actions such as immunomodulator, CNS depressant, pain reliever, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-anaphylactic, antileishmanial, Anti tumorous, antiulcer, anti-bacterial, fungicidal, antihistaminic, antiviral activity, febrifuge, gastroprotective, immune suppressants, insecticidal, muscle relaxant, sedative, and anticancer. The plant includes a variety of active substances, including lipids, organic acids, bufadienolides, alkaloid, triterpenes, glycosides, flavonoids, and steroids. Due to its current state, it is an endangered plant that needs to be preserved and researched.","PeriodicalId":87293,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical and allied research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46753750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on Biological Activities of Indian Traditional Medicinal Plant: Calotropis Gigantea","authors":"Babita Patial","doi":"10.37191/mapsci-2582-4937-4(2)-028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37191/mapsci-2582-4937-4(2)-028","url":null,"abstract":"India, which is aptly referred to as the world's botanical garden, is the country that produces the most medicinal herbs. The Apocynaceae/Asclepiadaceae family member, Calotropis gigantea sometimes known as the Crown Flower, has special therapeutic characteristics that can be used on its own or in combination with other drugs to treat common illnesses. There is a surprising therapeutic diversity in herbal medications. Entire dried plant is employed as rejuvenating, parasitic worm expellers and mucus explusors in ayurveda. While latex of it cures vertigo, baldness, hair loss, and rheumatoid arthritis, and to treat asthma root in dry form is used, leprosy. Calotropis is employed as a homoeopathic remedy in addition to its conventional purposes. Significant medicinal benefits can be obtained from the plant's extracts from its many components. It is necessary to objectively investigate these treatments in order to determine their active principles and comprehend their pharmacological properties, such as prophylactic protective, NSAID, antibacterial, antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, antiulcer ,helps in treating Covid-19, antimalarial, antipyretic, wound healing activity, cytotoxic properties, anti-asthmatic , procoagulant , CNS and anticonvulsant activity, pregnancy interceptive, anticancer, analgesic, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, insecticidal, and hepatoprotective. It provides data about the mythical importance, herbal relevance, origin, pharmacogenetic illustration, herbal constituents, biological activities, and ethnopharmacological noteworthiness of Calotropis gigantea is summarized in the current review.","PeriodicalId":87293,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical and allied research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47135428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fault Testing and Diagnosis in Analog Circuits Using Fault Dictionary Techniques","authors":"Mohammad Yoosof","doi":"10.37191/mapsci-2582-4937-4(2)-027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37191/mapsci-2582-4937-4(2)-027","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aims to test and diagnose fault in analog-based equipment including biological and medical laboratory equipment. The diagnosis has been performed using fault dictionary techniques by modern classification methods. The modern classification methods include probabilistic neural networks and wavelets. It is known that analog circuits have difficulties compared to the digital circuits due to lack of efficient fault modeling, tolerance, nonlinearity, parametric effects and other effects. In this study, the fault diagnosis by simulation before-test approach in order to obtain a very high diagnostic degree was performed.","PeriodicalId":87293,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical and allied research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44618285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Impact of Fatigue in Post Covid-19 Patients","authors":"Inmediato Martin","doi":"10.37191/mapsci-2582-4937-4(1)-026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37191/mapsci-2582-4937-4(1)-026","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine the functional impact of fatigue in post COVID-19 patients, from Asunción and Greater Asunción, in the period from March to April 2022. The methodology of this research was designed through a retrospective, cross-sectional study and descriptive. This survey was answered anonymously, had 26 closed questions. The scale used in the study was the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale: MFIS, which contains items that verify the level of fatigue in relation to physical, cognitive and psychosocial effort. It is observed, in relation to the respondents, that they have had to rest more frequently or for longer periods, due to COVID-19, with 23% Sometimes, than with 23% Often, then with 24%. Few times,15% Never and finally with 12% Almost always. This shows that more than 2/3 of the respondents have experienced different degrees of needing to rest more frequently and/or for prolonged periods, due to COVID-19. In conclusion, we can determine that the impact of the disease at the physical level represented an inconvenience among the respondents, likewise in the subsequent Figures it is shown that the cognitive functions were not affected. This may indicate that the participants had a mild form of the disease or had immunity.","PeriodicalId":87293,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical and allied research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47212596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A “Best Choice Medicine” (BCM) Route to Drug Development to Solve the Aging-Associated Non-Communicable Disease Burden","authors":"Elizabeth L. Parrish","doi":"10.37191/mapsci-2582-4937-4(1)-025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37191/mapsci-2582-4937-4(1)-025","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The Objective of this paper is to propose a new modality called Best Choice Medicine (BCM) to provide possible life-saving experimental treatments to patients suffering from Aging-Associated Non-Communicable Diseases (AA-NCDs) who would otherwise not survive without treatment. Likewise, BCM would expedite the drug approval process in the U.S. by generating immediate data from these patients. BCM resembles Medical Tourism in many ways except that it would be done within the U.S. To better appreciate Medical Tourism as a field patients were queried for their feedback on their own experiences with Medical Tourism.\u0000\u0000Method: Thirteen people who spent significant time and money participating in Medical Tourism were queried in a non-randomized non-controlled survey to understand their perceptions of the Medical Tourism field.\u0000\u0000Results: The thirteen people chose to participate in Medical Tourism mostly due to lack of treatments available through the regulatory system in their own countries. They also believed that they should be able to choose therapies for themselves. And all participants said that they would consider participating in medical tourism again.\u0000\u0000Conclusions: Although this is a small study the researchers believe that this research shows the need for a new and more assessable regulatory route, such as BCM, in the United States. This preliminary study is a launchpad for doing more in-depth studies to develop and evaluate the concept of BCM further.","PeriodicalId":87293,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical and allied research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43211558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}