CellR4-- repair, replacement, regeneration, & reprogramming最新文献

{"title":"The pancreatic islet: a micro-organ in control.","authors":"M H Abdulreda,&nbsp;P O Berggren","doi":"10.32113/cellr4_20213_3093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32113/cellr4_20213_3093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The islets of Langerhans constitute the endocrine pancreas which regulates blood glucose homeostasis and their dysfunction results in diabetes. Each of the pancreatic islets constitutes an entire micro-organ with intricate cell to cell interactions and that is well vascularized and innervated. An important therapeutic advantage in islet transplant is that pancreatic islets maintain their organ integrity when isolated and transplanted to patients with severe diabetes. Once transplanted, the islet micro-organs actively contribute to their own vascularization and start to function immediately. Hence, in terms of organ transplantation, the application of pancreatic islets will be a decisive clinical tool for future diabetes care (credit: Tilo Moede).</p>","PeriodicalId":87230,"journal":{"name":"CellR4-- repair, replacement, regeneration, & reprogramming","volume":"9 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a2/91/nihms-1686544.PMC8017525.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25569980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why pancreatic islets should be regarded and regulated like organs.","authors":"G C Weir, S Bonner-Weir","doi":"10.32113/cellr4_20213_3083","DOIUrl":"10.32113/cellr4_20213_3083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are strong reasons to say that pancreatic islets are organs before they are isolated and that they should be considered to be organs once transplanted. Thus, taking into account how much we have learned about the structure and function of islet micro-organs, it seems highly illogical to on one hand consider autologous islets be regulated as organ transplants and alloislets to be regulated with the very restrictive rules used for cell transplantation. It is particularly problematic that this policy has led to restrictions that have made it next to impossible for transplants of alloislets to be carried out in the US, which is a very sad situation for the country that made so many of the advances that brought islet transplantation to the clinic.</p>","PeriodicalId":87230,"journal":{"name":"CellR4-- repair, replacement, regeneration, & reprogramming","volume":"9 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6a/bb/nihms-1684008.PMC8006072.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25532275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Hair Loss.","authors":"Andjela Egger,&nbsp;Marjana Tomic-Canic,&nbsp;Antonella Tosti","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Hair loss is a quite common condition observed in both men and women. Pattern hair loss also known as androgenetic alopecia is the most common form of hair loss that is thought to affect up to 80% of Caucasian men and up to 40% of Caucasian women by age of 70, and it can have quite devastating consequences on one's well-being, including lower self-esteem, depression and lower quality of life. To date there have only been 2 FDA approved medications, minoxidil and finasteride, but their effects are often unsatisfactory and temporary, in addition to having various adverse effects. Stem cell-based therapies have recently received lots of attention as potential novel treatments that focus on reactivating hair follicle stem cells and in this way enhance hair follicle growth, regeneration and development. Stem cell-based therapy approaches include stem cell transplant, stem cell-derived conditioned medium and stem cell-derived exosomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A combination of following key words was utilized for a PubMed search: cell-based therapy, hair loss, alopecia, hair regrowth; abstracts were screened and included based on the content relevant to hair loss and stem-cell based therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preclinical research utilizing these approaches has blossomed in the past decade along with a more limited number of clinical studies, overall demonstrating very promising findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>However, stem cell-based therapies for hair loss are still at their infancy and more robust clinical studies are needed to better evaluate their mechanisms of action, efficacy, safety, benefits and limitations. In this review, we provide the resources to the latest preclinical studies and a more detailed description of the latest clinical studies concerning stem cell-based therapies in hair loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":87230,"journal":{"name":"CellR4-- repair, replacement, regeneration, & reprogramming","volume":"8 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7508456/pdf/nihms-1625446.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38412225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Umbilical Cord-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for COVID-19 Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS).","authors":"G Lanzoni,&nbsp;E Linetsky,&nbsp;D Correa,&nbsp;R A Alvarez,&nbsp;A Marttos,&nbsp;K Hirani,&nbsp;S Messinger Cayetano,&nbsp;J G Castro,&nbsp;M J Paidas,&nbsp;J Efantis Potter,&nbsp;X Xu,&nbsp;M Glassberg,&nbsp;J Tan,&nbsp;A N Patel,&nbsp;B Goldstein,&nbsp;N S Kenyon,&nbsp;D Baidal,&nbsp;R Alejandro,&nbsp;R Vianna,&nbsp;P Ruiz,&nbsp;A I Caplan,&nbsp;C Ricordi","doi":"10.32113/cellr4_20204_2839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32113/cellr4_20204_2839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is cause of a global pandemic of a pneumonia-like disease termed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 presents a high mortality rate, estimated at 3.4%. More than 1 out of 4 hospitalized COVID-19 patients require admission to an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for respiratory support, and a large proportion of these ICU-COVID-19 patients, between 17% and 46%, have died. In these patients COVID-19 infection causes an inflammatory response in the lungs that can progress to inflammation with cytokine storm, Acute Lung Injury (ALI), Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), thromboembolic events, disseminated intravascular coagulation, organ failure, and death. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are potent immunomodulatory cells that recognize sites of injury, limit effector T cell reactions, and positively modulate regulatory cell populations. MSCs also stimulate local tissue regeneration via paracrine effects inducing angiogenic, anti-fibrotic and remodeling responses. MSCs can be derived in large number from the Umbilical Cord (UC). UC-MSCs, utilized in the allogeneic setting, have demonstrated safety and efficacy in clinical trials for a number of disease conditions including inflammatory and immune-based diseases. UC-MSCs have been shown to inhibit inflammation and fibrosis in the lungs and have been utilized to treat patients with severe COVID-19 in pilot, uncontrolled clinical trials, that reported promising results. UC-MSCs processed at our facility have been authorized by the FDA for clinical trials in patients with an Alzheimer's Disease, and in patients with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). We hypothesize that UC-MSC will also exert beneficial therapeutic effects in COVID-19 patients with cytokine storm and ARDS. We propose an early phase controlled, randomized clinical trial in COVID-19 patients with ALI/ARDS. Subjects in the treatment group will be treated with two doses of UC-MSC (l00 × 10⁶ cells). The first dose will be infused within 24 hours following study enrollment. A second dose will be administered 72 ± 6 hours after the first infusion. Subject in the control group will receive infusion of vehicle (DPBS supplemented with 1% HSA and 70 U/kg unfractionated Heparin, delivered IV) following the same timeline. Subjects will be evaluated daily during the first 6 days, then at 14, 28, 60, and 90 days following enrollment (see Schedule of Assessment for time window details). Safety will be determined by adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs) during the follow-up period. Efficacy will be defined by clinical outcomes, as well as a variety of pulmonary, biochemical and immunological tests. Success of the current study will provide a framework for larger controlled, randomized clinical trials and a means of accelerating a possible solution for this urgent but unmet medical need. The proposed early phase clinical trial will be performed at the University of Miami (UM), in the facilities of th","PeriodicalId":87230,"journal":{"name":"CellR4-- repair, replacement, regeneration, & reprogramming","volume":"8 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8218794/pdf/nihms-1589222.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39101635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Islet Transplantation - perspective from Poland.","authors":"A Dębska-Ślizień,&nbsp;M Wszoła,&nbsp;P Bachul,&nbsp;J Gulczyński,&nbsp;I Żygowska,&nbsp;A Berman,&nbsp;J Gołębiewska,&nbsp;M Komorniczak,&nbsp;P Witkowski","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article describes impact of advanced research in the USA and collaborative approach of US scientists and clinicians on development of the field of islet transplantation in Poland and all over the world. At the same time, it presents negative consequences of islet regulation by FDA as a biological drug leading to decline and extinction of the field in the US, while it is on the rise worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":87230,"journal":{"name":"CellR4-- repair, replacement, regeneration, & reprogramming","volume":"7 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7059778/pdf/nihms-1062015.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37718546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Islet transplantation in Italy.","authors":"F Bertuzzi","doi":"10.32113/cellr4_201910_2772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32113/cellr4_201910_2772","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two centers have now an active islet transplant program in Italy, both placed in Milan: the San Raffaele Scientific Institute and the Niguarda Hospital. Up to 2018 in Italy about 200 patients affected by type 1 diabetes mellitus received an islet allotransplantation and about 100 patients received an islet auto-transplantation after a partial or total pancreatectomy. In spite of this large volume of activities, there is not a specific reimbursement fee for islet isolation and current reimbursement based on the Diagnosis-related group covers only partially the hospitalization and the islet transplantation costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":87230,"journal":{"name":"CellR4-- repair, replacement, regeneration, & reprogramming","volume":"7 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8439350/pdf/nihms-1062019.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39420641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Islet Transplantation in the UK.","authors":"P R V Johnson","doi":"10.32113/cellr4_201911_2788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32113/cellr4_201911_2788","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This commentary outlines the development and current status of the UK Islet Transplant Programme in the UK. The author makes the case that it is now time for similar fully funded beta-cell programmes to be made available in many other countries as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":87230,"journal":{"name":"CellR4-- repair, replacement, regeneration, & reprogramming","volume":"7 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8439348/pdf/nihms-1062018.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39420640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Islet Transplantation - The Canadian Perspective.","authors":"A M J Shapiro","doi":"10.32113/cellr4_201911_2799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32113/cellr4_201911_2799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This commentary discusses the evolution of islet transplantation in Canada over the past two decades and discusses the challenge and opportunity for more widespread availability of this therapy in other coun-tries, especially in the US.</p>","PeriodicalId":87230,"journal":{"name":"CellR4-- repair, replacement, regeneration, & reprogramming","volume":"7 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6905502/pdf/nihms-1062010.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37450104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing a national program of islet transplantation in Australia.","authors":"P J O'Connell,&nbsp;T W H Kay","doi":"10.32113/cellr4_201911_2797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32113/cellr4_201911_2797","url":null,"abstract":"We read with interest the opinion piece by Ricordi and Japour in STAT (August 27, 2019). It is interesting that the development of an appropriate funding pathway for islet transplantation seems to have stalled in the US, when in fact it was the early multicentre trials originating from the US and Canada that were the major stimulus for the procedure elsewhere. In Australia, islet transplantation for severe hypoglycaemia and metabolic instability has been funded via the National Funded Centres (NFC) program since 2012. The NFC program was established by the Australian Health Ministers Advisory Council (AHMAC) to provide access for Australian patients to high cost, low volume procedures that are of such a complexity that it is impractical for them to exist in every large public hospital. The high regulatory burden and expertise required for islet isolation and the limitation of suitable islet donors meant that it was not cost-effective to have an isolation centre in each state and a ‘hub and spoke’ model similar to that developed in the UK was established. Two isolation centres, based in Melbourne and Sydney were established along with 3 transplanting centres in Adelaide, Melbourne and Sydney. Clinical efficacy was confirmed by the Australian multicentre trial with the primary outcomes of prevention of hypoglycaemia, reduction in insulin requirements and HBA1c less than 7%. The primary end point was achieved in 87% of recipients1. Complications were largely procedure associated and there was no mortality. Although trial numbers were small, the findings were in line with overseas experience, including several multicentre studies from North America2,3.","PeriodicalId":87230,"journal":{"name":"CellR4-- repair, replacement, regeneration, & reprogramming","volume":"7 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6905505/pdf/nihms-1062013.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37450159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary: Not reimbursing islet transplantation creates discrimination against patients with type 1 diabetes.","authors":"T Berney","doi":"10.32113/cellr4_201910_2774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32113/cellr4_201910_2774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this commentary reviewing the activity of the University of Geneva islet transplantation program, the author argues that health care coverage of the procedure will stop discrimination against a subset of patients with type 1 diabetes in need of beta-cell replacement but unfit to receive a whole pancreas transplant.</p>","PeriodicalId":87230,"journal":{"name":"CellR4-- repair, replacement, regeneration, & reprogramming","volume":"7 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8439342/pdf/nihms-1057562.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39420639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}