Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ最新文献_第4页

Ultrasound Guided Combined Peripheral Nerve Blocks in a High-Risk Patient: A Case Report 超声引导联合周围神经阻滞治疗高危患者1例

Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ Pub Date : 2023-04-14 DOI: 10.37080/nmj.141

A. Yadav, S. Hyoju, P. Raya, Chhanda Budhathoki, Ram Prasad Sharma, Kiran Thapa Magar, A.D. Joshi

引用次数: 0

Prescription Writing Skill among Intern Doctors of Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital, Nepal 尼泊尔比拉特医学院教学医院实习医师处方写作能力研究

Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ Pub Date : 2023-04-14 DOI: 10.37080/nmj.140

Prakash Rai, Rekha Shah, Binita Yadav, S. Parajuli

{"title":"Prescription Writing Skill among Intern Doctors of Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital, Nepal","authors":"Prakash Rai, Rekha Shah, Binita Yadav, S. Parajuli","doi":"10.37080/nmj.140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37080/nmj.140","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A prescription is a written order to a pharmacist by a doctor, which should contain all its components so that a patient can get precise and fruitful outcomes of disease treatment. Preclinical undergraduate medical students are taught and trained to develop good prescription skills. Thus, we aimed to appraise prescription writing skills among intern doctors of Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital, Nepal. \u0000Methods: This observational cross-sectional study enrolled 63 interns of Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital. Nineteen components of a prescription according to the World Health Organization were included in this study. They were name, address, degree, registration number, telephone number, sign of the prescriber, date, diagnosis, dosage form, correct dose, the correct route, correct quantity, and correct instruction of the drug, name, address, sex, and age of the patient. Then four groups; Group A (Poor), Group B (Fair), Group C (Good), and Group D (Excellent) were divided according to the number of components included in the prescription. \u0000Results: According to the study scoring system, the maximum prescriptions were from group C (65.08%) followed by group B (34.92%). None of them were group A and group D. Components such as prescriber’s name, drug’s name, dose, route, quantity, and instruction were found in all the prescriptions whereas, components such as prescriber’s address, degree, and contact number were not found in any of the prescriptions. \u0000 Conclusions: The prescription writing skills of interns of Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital is not up to the mark. There are lots of missing components in their prescriptions.","PeriodicalId":87122,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81118883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Histopathologic Study of Gastritis and Helicobacter Pylori Infection at a Tertiary Centre in Kathmandu 加德满都三级中心胃炎和幽门螺杆菌感染的组织病理学研究

Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ Pub Date : 2023-04-14 DOI: 10.37080/nmj.138

Agya Shrestha, S. Parajuli

{"title":"Histopathologic Study of Gastritis and Helicobacter Pylori Infection at a Tertiary Centre in Kathmandu","authors":"Agya Shrestha, S. Parajuli","doi":"10.37080/nmj.138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37080/nmj.138","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Chronic gastritis is a chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa characterized by infiltration of the superficial mucosa by chronic inflammatory cells and with progressive spread to involve the whole mucosa leading to atrophy and intestinal metaplasia and may even progress to the development of carcinoma. Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) is believed to be the major causative agent in the pathogenesis of chronic active gastritis, duodenal and gastric ulcer along with gastric carcinoma. Sydney system classifies gastritis by the intensity of mononuclear inflammatory infiltrates, activity of polymorphs, atrophy, metaplasia and dysplasia and presence of H. pylori. \u0000 Methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional retrospective study conducted at Department of Pathology, Kathmandu Model Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal from January 2015 to December 2015. Record of computerized histopathology reports of all cases of endoscopic gastric biopsies were retrieved from the laboratory. The biopsy samples obtained from both body and antrum were included in the study. The grades of mononuclear cells infiltration, neutrophilic activity, metaplasia, dysplasia and glandular atrophy were determined using the Sydney system classification. The presence or absence of H. pylori was noted in the slides stained with Giemsa stain. Data analysis was done using a Microsoft Excel file. \u0000Results: Of 128 samples studied, the most common endoscopic findings were erythematous lesions and mononuclear infiltrate was seen in all cases. 61.7% showed moderate inflammation. The activity was seen in 35.9% of cases. H. pylori organism was noted in 48.4% of cases. \u0000Conclusion: The severity of chronic inflammation and neutrophilic activity are significantly associated with infection by this microorganism.","PeriodicalId":87122,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86268791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Variations in Shape of Tongue among Students attending Chitwan Medical College 奇特旺医学院学生舌头形状的变化

Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ Pub Date : 2023-04-14 DOI: 10.37080/nmj.143

R. Chaulagain, Sujata Baral, Shila Kandel, Alisha Agrawal, Ajeevan Gautam

{"title":"Variations in Shape of Tongue among Students attending Chitwan Medical College","authors":"R. Chaulagain, Sujata Baral, Shila Kandel, Alisha Agrawal, Ajeevan Gautam","doi":"10.37080/nmj.143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37080/nmj.143","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The need for a new biometric system is gaining importance. Tongue print is also getting acceptance as a system for biometric authentication. The tongue is an extremely muscular organ used for communication, taste, and deglutition. Studies have shown variations in the morphology of the tongue. Studies pertaining to the morphology of the tongue is lagging in Nepal. Hence this study was carried out to assess the various morphological variations of the tongue such as shapes, borders, and color among the bachelor level students in a tertiary care center in Nepal Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 312 bachelor-level students of Chitwan Medical College. The convenience sampling method was used to collect the data. All the data was recorded in a proforma. The sociodemographic details of the participants were recorded. The borders, colors, fissures, and shapes of the tongue’s morphology were documented. The collected data were entered into Microsoft excel 2019 and transported into Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 16. The data was then analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. The data was also calculated in form of frequency and percentage and later on, they were presented in form of a table. Results: Among 312 students who took part in the study, 126 (40.4 %) of the participants were male and 186 (59.6 %) of them were female. The mean age of participants was 22.38 ±2.008 years. U-shaped tongue was prevalent followed by V-Shape tongue and bifid tongue. More than half of the participants 180 (57.7 %) had partially scalloped tongues. While comparing gender wise U-shaped tongue was more common in both males and females. The bifid tongue was observed more in males 11 (8.7 %) while the V-shaped tongue was more in females 52 (28 %). Conclusions: ","PeriodicalId":87122,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90790629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association of Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 4 with Obesity and Type II Diabetes 分泌卷曲蛋白4与肥胖和II型糖尿病的关系

Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ Pub Date : 2023-04-14 DOI: 10.37080/nmj.148

Mukesh Kumar Shrewastwa, Viyatprajna Acharya, Arun Kumar Mahat

{"title":"Association of Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 4 with Obesity and Type II Diabetes","authors":"Mukesh Kumar Shrewastwa, Viyatprajna Acharya, Arun Kumar Mahat","doi":"10.37080/nmj.148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37080/nmj.148","url":null,"abstract":"Secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (SFRP4) is secreted protein family member similar to the sequence of frizzled receptors of wingless-related integration site (Wnt) signaling pathways which regulate various functions from fetal growth to adulthood. SFRPs are recognized as opponents of Wnt signaling and are thought to be affiliated with Wnts. Further research revealed their interaction with frizzled receptors and functional differences were transferred to these proteins, the power of Wnt signaling without flexibility. Also, SFRP4 is linked to many diseases including obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and cancer. In addition, SFRP4 acts as a biomarker for the diagnosis of T2D and its expression is observed before the clinical diagnosis of T2D. This review is mainly focused on the role of SFRP4 in obesity and its role in β-cell failure that leads to T2D. SFRP4 acts on adipose tissue that causes increased production of adipokines which creates oxidative stress in the pancreas with low levels of antioxidant enzymes in pancreatic β-cells resulting in failure of insulin exocytosis. Inflammation caused by obesity is an important factor in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Pro-inflammatory cytokines may induce insulin resistance in adipose tissue, bone tissue and liver by blocking the transmission of insulin signals. SFRP4 secretion is caused by interleukin 1-β (IL1-β).This review also highlights the molecular mechanisms by which SFRP4 leads to T2D. Understanding the cellular pathway and identifying SFRP4 may help to eliminate or reduce the chances of developing T2D.","PeriodicalId":87122,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90929799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determination of Gender from Index and Ring Finger Ratio in Young Adult 青壮年食指和无名指比值测定性别

Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ Pub Date : 2023-04-14 DOI: 10.37080/nmj.144

Amshu Pradhan, Birendra Manda, A. Karn, O. Bajracharya

{"title":"Determination of Gender from Index and Ring Finger Ratio in Young Adult","authors":"Amshu Pradhan, Birendra Manda, A. Karn, O. Bajracharya","doi":"10.37080/nmj.144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37080/nmj.144","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Forensic anthropologists are mostly involved in establishing human identification of unknown dismembered remains, especially during the global humanitarian and medico-legal crisis.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 adults (105 males and 145 females) Nepalese adults in the age group of 20-25 years were studied to investigate sexual dimorphism of the index and ring finger ratio.\u0000Results: The difference between the mean 2DL in males and females was 0.58 in the right 2DL and 0.6788 in the left 2DL. Similarly, it was 0.684 in the right 4DL and 0.714 in the left 4DL which showed not much difference significantly. The index and ring finger ratio is derived by dividing the index finger length by ring finger length Percentage accuracy based on sectioning point analysis in right-hand male was 99.16% and left hand was 99.84% similarly in the female right hand was 99.85% and left hand was 99.46%.\u0000Conclusions: Unlike previous studies, the difference in the length and ratio of the index and ring fingers was not significant between males and females. To generalize the findings, a similar study with a larger sample size is advised.","PeriodicalId":87122,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75212809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Parenchyma Preserving Surgery in Giant Hydatid Cyst of Lung: A Case Report 肺巨大包虫囊肿保实质手术1例

Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ Pub Date : 2023-04-14 DOI: 10.37080/nmj.149

Alka Singh, Anil Acharya

引用次数: 0

Study of Sonographically Diagnosed Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Association with its Risk Factors in Nepal Police Hospital 尼泊尔警察医院非酒精性脂肪肝超声诊断及其危险因素研究

Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ Pub Date : 2023-04-14 DOI: 10.37080/nmj.150

K. Khadgi, Tanoj Bahadur Singh

{"title":"Study of Sonographically Diagnosed Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Association with its Risk Factors in Nepal Police Hospital","authors":"K. Khadgi, Tanoj Bahadur Singh","doi":"10.37080/nmj.150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37080/nmj.150","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the West, and it is increasing alarmingly in the South-Asia as well the main cause is likely modern lifestyle and diets. The aim of the study is to find an association of different risk factors with sonographically detected and graded fatty liver disease in hospital-based Nepalese police personnel.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional prospective study was done, and 125 cases were included after fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Fatty Liver Disease (FLD) was sonographically diagnosed and graded. Association between graded NAFLD and risk factor was made using the Chi-square test keeping the inference <0.05. ANOVA analysis was done wherever applicable keeping inference < 0.05.\u0000Results: Mean age with NAFLD was 42.9±12.2 with age group 40-49 mostly involved 43(34.4%). The male gender has more prevalence of 82(65.6%). Most of the NAFLD Body Mass Index (BMI) were overweight 77(61.6%). There was a significant association of graded NAFLD with BMI (Chi Square P <0.05) and a significant difference between Grade I and Grade II BMI (ANOVA < 0.05 and Post Hoc (Tukey)<0.05). Also, a significant association of graded NAFLD was seen with Total Cholesterol (TC), serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and Chronic diseases (Diabetes mellitus and hypertension).\u0000Conclusions: Graded NAFLD is found to be strongly associated with BMI, TC, SGPT, SGOT, Diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Furthermore, the prevalence was found more in the middle age group, male gender and overweight person.","PeriodicalId":87122,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84176441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of Workplace Violence among Nurses: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study in Pravas, Palpa 工作场所暴力在护士中的流行:在普拉瓦斯，帕尔帕的描述性横断面研究

Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ Pub Date : 2023-04-14 DOI: 10.37080/nmj.142

Rupa Prajapati, S. Maharjan, C. K. Garbuja

{"title":"Prevalence of Workplace Violence among Nurses: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study in Pravas, Palpa","authors":"Rupa Prajapati, S. Maharjan, C. K. Garbuja","doi":"10.37080/nmj.142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37080/nmj.142","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The World Health Organization defined Workplace violence as ‘Incidents where staff is abused, threatened or assaulted in circumstances related to their work, involving an explicit or implicit challenge to their safety, well-being or health. Nurses are the second highest group experiencing problems like verbal abuse, physical abuse and sexual harassment at the workplace. Workplace violence will not affect the victim’s life but also produce negative consequences for the organization itself by decreased productivity of the nurse, low employee morale between nurses and co-workers, increased job stress, absenteeism, and diminished public image and trust in the organization. \u0000 Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence and perpetrators of workplace violence among 109 nurses in Lumbini Medical College, Tansen, Palpa. Structured and pretested self-administered questionnaires were used for data collection using a proportionate simple random sampling technique. \u0000 Results: More than three-fourths (78.9%) of participants said that they had ever been abused one way or the other. The prevalence of verbal violence (65%) was higher than the prevalence of emotional violence (50.5%) and physical violence (30.3%). Regarding the perpetrators, nearly three-fifths (61.5%) of respondents were abused by patients and more than half (51.4%) respondents were abused by the relatives of the patient. In almost all types of violence most of the victims; 23.94%, 30.9%, and 42.42% sought counseling in verbal, physical, and emotional violence respectively. \u0000Conclusions: Workplace violence is an alarming problem among nurses at the workplace in Lumbini Medical College, Palpa, Nepal. Verbal violence was more commonly encountered compared with physical, emotional and sexual violence.","PeriodicalId":87122,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79709157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GeneXpert and Acid-Fast Bacilli Smear for Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Tertiary Care Center of Rural Nepal 基因专家和抗酸杆菌涂片在尼泊尔农村三级保健中心诊断肺结核

Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ Pub Date : 2023-04-14 DOI: 10.37080/nmj.139

Maya Rai, G. Neupane, S. Lohani, Bodh Bikram Karki

{"title":"GeneXpert and Acid-Fast Bacilli Smear for Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Tertiary Care Center of Rural Nepal","authors":"Maya Rai, G. Neupane, S. Lohani, Bodh Bikram Karki","doi":"10.37080/nmj.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37080/nmj.139","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the second most infectious cause of death in adults globally and is major health trouble in Nepal. The diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis is mainly carried by acid-fast bacilli smear microscopy, culture on Lowenstein–Jensen media, and GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay. This study aimed to evaluate the GeneXpert MTB/RIF and Acid-Fast Bacilli stain smear used for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. \u0000 Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed at Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Jumla, from July 2021 to June 2022. Our study population comprised 390 probable cases of pulmonary tuberculosis from the ages of 2 to 92 years. A total of 390 sputum specimens from suspected presumptive tuberculosis sufferers were tested using the direct smear staining technique of Acid-Fast Bacilli stain smear and GeneXpert for the detection of MTB/RIF. The GeneXpert MTB/RIF technique was compared with the Acid-Fast Bacilli stain smear. Patient’s demographic details, sputum AFB smear, and GeneXpert test results were collected and entered in working Performa. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0. \u0000 Results: Out of 390 samples 13.84% were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis via GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay while 5.12% were positive through AFB microscopy which was statistically significant (p<.0001). When compared with GeneXpert, taking GeneXpert as the gold standard in the rural setup of Nepal the sensitivity of AFB staining was 37.03%, while its specificity was 90.81%. \u0000 Conclusions: GeneXpert MTB/RIF is a rapid test that can aid in the timely diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, facilitating the timely treatment in the rural area.","PeriodicalId":87122,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91387394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0