Therapeutische Umschau und medizinische Bibliographie. Revue therapeutique et bibliographie medicale最新文献

{"title":"[Anesthesia for ophthalmic surgery].","authors":"J. Moll, M. Kaufmann","doi":"10.1024/0040-5930/a000757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/0040-5930/a000757","url":null,"abstract":"The majority of ophthalmic interventions can be done today under locoregional anesthesia using “Monitored Anesthesia Care” (MAC). General anesthesia techniques are mostly reserved for the pediatric segment and for patients with specific comorbidity and/or lengthy procedure. Cataract surgery in predominantly geriatric patients belongs to the field of the so-called “high volume-surgery”: Given the low perioperative risk in this patient group, adapted and optimized processes are indicated. A focused premedication and informing these patients ensures good perioperative compliance. Preoperative tests are be conducted in this patient population only as a function of relevant comorbidity. Premedication usually takes place as a classical anesthesia consultation, but new methods such as an internet-based premedication for healthy patients offers a new option. The intraoperative anesthesia method depends on the needs of the surgeon and the expectations and possibilities of cooperation of the patient.","PeriodicalId":87030,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutische Umschau und medizinische Bibliographie. Revue therapeutique et bibliographie medicale","volume":"13 1","pages":"61-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75553947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Age-related macular degeneration – a challenge for public health care].","authors":"I. Mantel","doi":"10.1024/0040-5930/a000760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/0040-5930/a000760","url":null,"abstract":"Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the predominant cause of legal blindness in the population over 50 years of age. The disorder shows exponentially increasing prevalence with age, and the late forms with their vision threatening evolution are found in approximately one third of cases. The late AMD may be purely atrophic and so far untreatable. Or it may be neovascular and exudative, for which medical treatment is available, consisting of repetitive intravitreous injections of Anti-VEGF molecules. The treatment is highly effective in blocking the growth of the pathological vessels and allowing resolution of the accompanying edema. Visual improvement is variable but often very meaningful for the patients. However, the final visual level depends mostly on early intervention. Thus, screening for the first signs of neovascular AMD is crucial for the endresult. However, the repetitive intraocular injections are an important burden for the patients. Due to the high patient numbers, the chronic care management with steadily adding new patients is a major challenge for treating institutions. Limited resources may put patients at risk of undertreatment with resulting visual loss. Various strategies have been developed to cope with the burden. In addition, the financial cost is high for the health care system. On the other hand, timely and ongoing treatment is the best investment to achieve meaningful visual improvement, which is extremely important for the quality of life and autonomy of the patients. Side effects of the treatment are limited and mostly procedure related. Systemic side effects are possible but despite the large studies not conclusive. However, care must be taken in cases of high cardiovascular risk, as thromboembolic risk increase may rarely happen. So far unsolved problems include the long term visual results, the degree of reversibility of neovascularization, and the missing treatment options of atrophic AMD. Basic and clinical research on various treatment options for AMD is ongoing, and some additional molecules are expected for the near future, hopefully not only for neovascular AMD but including atrophic AMD as well.","PeriodicalId":87030,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutische Umschau und medizinische Bibliographie. Revue therapeutique et bibliographie medicale","volume":"42 1","pages":"79-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87714203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Retinal vein occlusion: an interdisciplinary approach].","authors":"K. Hatz, M. Martinez","doi":"10.1024/0040-5930/a000761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/0040-5930/a000761","url":null,"abstract":"Retinal vein occlusion provide a common cause of significant visual reduction but also late ocular complications. The medical care of these patients pursue two goals: On the one hand vision threatening complications need to be identified and treated, and on the other hand treatable risk factors are need to be identified and treated. This paper summarizes the common ophthalmological therapeutic approaches as well as recommended medical evaluations carried out by the general practitioner. This supports the interdisciplinary approach in evaluating and treating retinal vein occlusions by ophthalmologists and the general practitioners/specialist in internal medicine.","PeriodicalId":87030,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutische Umschau und medizinische Bibliographie. Revue therapeutique et bibliographie medicale","volume":"34 1","pages":"85-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81550908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Early detection and treatment of strabismus].","authors":"D. Mojon","doi":"10.1024/0040-5930/a000758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/0040-5930/a000758","url":null,"abstract":"An early diagnosis of strabismus is important in order to rule out treatable organic causes and in children, if indicated, to start as early as possible with an amblyopia treatment. Early detection will also decrease the risk for accidents secondary to diplopia, to the loss of binocular vision and to the restriction of the binocular visual field in case of esodeviations. The following therapeutic options exist: in some cases the prescription of the correct refraction will be sufficient, for small deviations a prismatic correction may allow a longstanding treatment, for larger or incomitant deviations strabismus surgery will be necessary, which nowadays can be performed using minimal-invasive technique on an outpatient base.","PeriodicalId":87030,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutische Umschau und medizinische Bibliographie. Revue therapeutique et bibliographie medicale","volume":"64 1","pages":"67-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89106267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Developments in modern cataract surgery – a critical overview].","authors":"R. Menapace","doi":"10.1024/0040-5930/a000756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/0040-5930/a000756","url":null,"abstract":"Cataract surgery has tremendously evolved in recent years. Innovations include micro-incision cataract surgery through incisions smaller than 2mm, high-fluidics phacoaspiration and laser phacoemulsification to minimize or replace the use of ultrasound, the advent of femtolasers for high-precision incisions in the cornea, the lens capsule and the cataractous lens, aspheric intraocular lenses (IOLs) to enhance the quality and contrast of the image, multifocal and enhanced-depth-of-focus IOLs to correct presbyopia, advancements in biometry and IOL power calculation, prevention of secondary capsule opacification by improvements in the design and material of the IOLs and surgical techniques like capsule polishing and posterior capsulorhexis, and pharmacological prophylaxis and possible future treatment of the cataract itself. Finally, cost-effectiveness and future potential of same-session bilateral cataract surgery are discussed.","PeriodicalId":87030,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutische Umschau und medizinische Bibliographie. Revue therapeutique et bibliographie medicale","volume":"26 1","pages":"53-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84231001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Current epidemiology of gout].","authors":"Barbara Ankli","doi":"10.1024/0040-5930/a000767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/0040-5930/a000767","url":null,"abstract":"Gout is the most common inflammatory arthritis in adults nowadays. Prevalence has risen over the last decades. Patients over 65 years are disproportionally affected. A male/female ratio of 4:1 is diminishing after menopause (still 3:1). The relative risk of developing gout increases in a linear progression with the serum uric acid level. Other risk factors beside hyperuricemia are genetic predisposition, age, male gender, adipositas, lifestyle modification, chronic kidney disease and intake of diuretics. Many gout patients suffer from comorbidities. The metabolic syndrome is associated with gout. Two fifths of patients with gout had also chronic kidney disease. Reasons for the rise in prevalence are longevity, dietary habits and the high prevalence of patients with chronic kidney disease in the general population.","PeriodicalId":87030,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutische Umschau und medizinische Bibliographie. Revue therapeutique et bibliographie medicale","volume":"10 1","pages":"125-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86580224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis--Pathogenesis and therapeutic concepts].","authors":"K. Hostettler","doi":"10.1024/0040-5930/a000750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/0040-5930/a000750","url":null,"abstract":"Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIP). It is characterized by progressive destruction of the normal lung architecture, finally leading to death. The pathogenesis of IPF is not completely understood but a complex interplay between environmental factors, such as smoking or viral infections, and genetic predisposition seems to be an important precondition. Repetitive micro-injuries to alveolar epithelial cells and dysregulated wound repair with impaired re-epithelialization are regarded as the initial process of IPF. This alveolar damage is followed by an uncontrolled proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition of fibroblasts, ultimately leading to distortion of the lung parenchyma. According to this \"non-inflammatory\" pathogenic hypothesis, therapeutic approaches currently focus on anti-fibrotic compounds, which prevent or inhibit fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition, or antagonize the effect of pro-fibrotic growth factors.","PeriodicalId":87030,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutische Umschau und medizinische Bibliographie. Revue therapeutique et bibliographie medicale","volume":"63 1","pages":"19-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91228309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Diagnosis of ILD].","authors":"T. Geiser, S. Guler","doi":"10.1024/0040-5930/a000748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/0040-5930/a000748","url":null,"abstract":"The diagnosis of ILD is complex and needs a close collaboration between the pulmologist, the radiologist and the pathologist. However, and most importantly, the general practitioner needs to think about the possibility of ILD if a patient presents with increasing shortness of breath, dry cough and bilateral, basal crackles on lung auscultation. Further work-up by the pulmonologist may confirm and classify the ILD by a detailled patient history, lung function tests, CT scans and bronchoscopy, or even surgical lung biospies, if needed. A multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) is becoming the gold standard in diagnosing ILD and deciding about appropriate treatment, in particular regarding the novel antifibrotic therapies for IPF.","PeriodicalId":87030,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutische Umschau und medizinische Bibliographie. Revue therapeutique et bibliographie medicale","volume":"6 1","pages":"7-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85242319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Anti-fibrotics as novel therapy for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis].","authors":"M. Funke-Chambour, T. Geiser","doi":"10.1024/0040-5930/a000751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/0040-5930/a000751","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies have shown efficacy to slow the decrease of forced vital capacity in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. This summary refers to recent anti-fibrotic medications and describes current studies, indication for treatment and side effects, as well as discusses open questions of treatment.","PeriodicalId":87030,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutische Umschau und medizinische Bibliographie. Revue therapeutique et bibliographie medicale","volume":"33 1","pages":"25-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84487242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Lung transplantation in patients with interstitial lung disease/idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis].","authors":"C. Murer, C. Benden","doi":"10.1024/0040-5930/a000754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/0040-5930/a000754","url":null,"abstract":"Lung transplantation is an established therapy for advanced lung disease. Among the common disease indications for lung transplantation, patients with interstitial lung disease, in particular, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), have the worst prognosis. Thus referral to a transplant center should ideally be realised at the time of diagnosis of usual interstitial pneumonitis (UIP), regardless of lung function, in order to carry out a through initial assessment and evaluation.","PeriodicalId":87030,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutische Umschau und medizinische Bibliographie. Revue therapeutique et bibliographie medicale","volume":"73 1 1","pages":"43-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86895599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}