Avian Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Hardwood Dust and Ammonia Gas on the Respiratory Integrity of Broiler Chickens","authors":"Dorian Dominguez, Daniel Hofstetter, Vinicius Buiatte, Michelle Paret, Patricia Dunn, Alberto Gino Lorenzoni","doi":"10.1637/aviandiseases-d-22-00080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1637/aviandiseases-d-22-00080","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8667,"journal":{"name":"Avian Diseases","volume":"2015 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139342021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study on Two Infection Models of Colibacillosis in Broilers: Clinical Features, Pathogenesis, and Response to Therapy","authors":"A. Saberi, N. Mosleh, T. Shomali, Z. Naziri","doi":"10.1637/aviandiseases-d-23-00032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1637/aviandiseases-d-23-00032","url":null,"abstract":"Un estudio comparativo sobre dos modelos de infección de colibacilosis en pollos de engorde: Características clínicas, patogénesis y respuesta a la terapia. El conocimiento de las características de los diferentes modelos de infección de colibacilosis aviar es necesario para realizar estudios experimentales confiables. Este estudio compara las características de dos modelos de infección de colibacilosis (por vía intratraqueal y por vía subcutánea) en pollos de engorde. Pollos de engorde (n = 125), de 35 días de edad, se asignaron aleatoriamente a cuatro grupos experimentales (n = 20) y tres controles (n = 15): 1) control negativo (NC), y grupos 2 y 3) controles de infección intratraqueal o subcutánea (ITC o SCC), 4) infección intratraqueal (IT), 5) infección intratraqueal con administración de florfenicol (ITF), 6) infección subcutánea (SC), y 7) infección subcutánea con administración de florfenicol (SCF). Se registraron los signos clínicos y la mortalidad, y se realizó un examen macroscópico de las canales. En los días tres y cinco posteriores a la exposición (PC), se sacrificaron 5 aves por grupo. A pesar de que fueron similares el inicio y tipo de signos clínicos y la mortalidad en las aves de los grupos inoculados por infección intratraqueal y subcutánea, especialmente en los primeros días después del desafío, las aves de los grupos inoculado por vía subcutánea tenían un peso corporal más bajo que las aves inoculadas por la vía intratraqueal. Las lesiones pulmonares fueron más prominentes en el grupo inoculado por vía intratraqueal que en el grupo inoculado por vía subcutánea. Las aves del grupo inoculado por vía subcutánea mostraron celulitis y riñones severamente lesionados en contraste con el grupo inoculado por vía intratraqueal. En el día tres después del desafío, el número de muestras de sangre del corazón positivas para crecimiento bacteriano en el grupo con infección intratraqueal y con administración de florfenicol fue la mitad que en el grupo inoculado intratraquealmente, mientras que las aves inoculadas por vía subcutánea e inoculadas subcutáneamente con administración de florfenicol tuvieron números positivos similares. En conclusión, la infección por vía subcutánea resulta en una enfermedad más severa. La vía intratraqueal produce resultados más similares a la colibacilosis en condiciones de campo con respecto a los signos clínicos, la patogenia y la respuesta a la terapia, aunque es más difícil de realizar que un desafío subcutáneo.","PeriodicalId":8667,"journal":{"name":"Avian Diseases","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135098703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Dietary Supplementation of Yeast Cell Walls in Response to a Campylobacter jejuni Inoculation in Broiler Chickens","authors":"Luis R. Munoz, J. Krehling, Matthew A Bailey, Dianna V. Bourassa, Wilmer J. Pacheco, Bernardo Chaves-Cordoba, Cesar Escobar, Leticia Orellana-Galindo, Yagya Adhikari, Ken S. Macklin","doi":"10.1637/aviandiseases-d-23-00003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1637/aviandiseases-d-23-00003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8667,"journal":{"name":"Avian Diseases","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139341926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-Protection Conferred by Combined Vaccine Containing Infectious Bronchitis Virus Attenuated Massachusetts and Recombinant LaSota Virus Expressing Arkansas Spike","authors":"R. Espejo, C. Breedlove, L. F. D. Silva, K. Joiner, H. Toro","doi":"10.1637/aviandiseases-d-23-00031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1637/aviandiseases-d-23-00031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8667,"journal":{"name":"Avian Diseases","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139341943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Detection of H7N3 Low Pathogenicity Avian Influenza in a Commercial Game Bird Flock.","authors":"C F Jerry, B Crossley, D Rejmanek, S Stoute","doi":"10.1637/aviandiseases-D-22-00055","DOIUrl":"10.1637/aviandiseases-D-22-00055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) H7N3 was diagnosed in a flock of commercially raised Japanese quail (<i>Coturnix japonica</i>) breeder hens. The birds were submitted with an initial complaint of a drop in egg production and watery droppings. Initial PCR testing of the flock for avian influenza (AI) was negative; however, mortality started increasing drastically, prompting further examination and the submission of more birds to the diagnostic laboratory. On antemortem examination, the birds appeared lethargic, with ruffled feathers, and had labored breathing. Gross examination revealed poor body condition, moderate dehydration, splenomegaly, ovarian regression, and airsacculitis. Several hens produced thin-shelled and shell-less eggs. Microscopically, lymphoplasmacytic encephalitis with neuronal cell necrosis, fibrinoheterophilic pneumonia, and splenic lymphoid depletion with amyloid deposition were seen. AI virus was detected in a follow-up submission and characterized as LPAI H7N3. Quail are a species of interest in the pathobiology of avian influenza viruses, underlined by the ability to serve as an amplification host.</p>","PeriodicalId":8667,"journal":{"name":"Avian Diseases","volume":"1 1","pages":"284-289"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47753828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover Advertisements","authors":"J. Drew, K. Schat","doi":"10.1637/1938-4351-67.2.c2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1637/1938-4351-67.2.c2","url":null,"abstract":"Dr. Jane Cook was born in Derby in central England but moved to Louth, a small town in rural Lincolnshire, when she was 7 years old. She was fortunate to have great biology teacher who stimulated her interest in biological sciences, which in combination with reading books like “Man, microbes and malady” by John Drew stimulated her to matriculate at Bristol University in 1957 to read Microbiology with Physiology as the subsidiary subject.","PeriodicalId":8667,"journal":{"name":"Avian Diseases","volume":"67 1","pages":"c2 - c4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42018601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avian Pathology Volume 52 Number 3 June 2023 Table of Contents","authors":"","doi":"10.1637/1938-4351-67.2.225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1637/1938-4351-67.2.225","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8667,"journal":{"name":"Avian Diseases","volume":"67 1","pages":"225 - 225"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44954081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Three Vaccination Schemes Against <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> Alpha Toxin and Their Effects on the Performance, Level of Intestinal Lesions, and Serum Antibody Titers in Broilers.","authors":"Daniel Huaringa,&nbsp;Otto Zea,&nbsp;Sidney Huapaya,&nbsp;Liliana Jimenez,&nbsp;Miguel Salazar,&nbsp;Daniel Molina,&nbsp;Sandra Espinoza,&nbsp;Carlos Vílchez-Perales","doi":"10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of the trial was to evaluate three vaccination schemes against <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> (CP) alpha-toxoid through drinking water to determine if they can protect against clinical signs of necrotic enteritis and coccidiosis in broiler chickens. Three hundred 1-day-old Cobb 500 male chicks were used in 4 treatments with 10 repetitions. Each group received 1 of the following treatments over the course of 29 days: T1, no vaccination; T2, vaccination on Day 1; T3, vaccination on Day 7; and T4, vaccination on Days 7 and 17. The birds were vaccinated with inactivated CP toxoid type A, administered via drinking water. During the first 14 days, a high-protein diet (27%) consisting of corn, soy, and fish meal was fed. On Day 14 <i>Eimeria acervulina</i> (EA), <i>Eimeria maxima</i> (EMx), <i>Eimeria tenella</i> (ET), <i>Eimeria necatrix</i>, and <i>Eimeria brunetti</i> were used in a coccidial challenge. The field isolate CP type A was then inoculated on Days 18, 19, and 20. Ten birds were slaughtered by treatment to obtain serology samples for antibody titers and intestine samples for CP and <i>Eimeria</i> lesion score and gut integrity indicators. Productive performance was assessed using complete randomized design and compared statistically using the Tukey test, whereas intestinal integrity variables and antibodies against CP alpha toxin were assessed using a Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric method. The results revealed that the treatments had an effect on productive performance (<i>P</i> < 0.05); T3 had better body weight and weight gain than T1. In terms of lesion score at Day 21, T4 had a lower lesion score by EA, EMx, and ET than T1. Cell desquamation in T2 was lower than in T4, and excess mucus (EM) in T1 was the worst in gut integrity indicators at Day 21. On the other hand, T2 had more EM than T3 and T4 at Day 25. In the measurement of antibodies, no statistical differences (<i>P</i> > 0.05) were found. These findings indicate that vaccination on Day 7 (T3) outperformed double vaccination on Days 7 and 17 (T4) and single on Day 1 (T2), in terms of productive performance, gut integrity, and lesion scores; and on the last day of the experiment T3 had the best performance in immunology response.</p>","PeriodicalId":8667,"journal":{"name":"Avian Diseases","volume":"67 2","pages":"170-176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9977858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presumed Spontaneous Astrocytoma in a Domestic Backyard Chicken.","authors":"Kelsey R Fiddes,&nbsp;Susan M Williams,&nbsp;Holly Sellers,&nbsp;Ivy Thomas,&nbsp;Elise E B LaDouceur","doi":"10.1637/aviandiseases-D-22-00068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1637/aviandiseases-D-22-00068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A cerebral tumor was identified in an adult female domestic chicken (<i>Gallus domesticus</i>). On gross examination, the cut surface of the cerebrum revealed a poorly circumscribed, pale tan soft mass within the thalamus and midbrain. On histologic examination, there was an unencapsulated, multilobulated neoplasm composed of spindle cells on a loose fibrovascular stroma. Neoplastic cells had variably distinct cell borders, abundant fibrillar eosinophilic cytoplasm, oval nuclei with finely stippled chromatin, and 1-2 distinct nucleoli. There was moderate anisocytosis and anisokaryosis with <1 mitoses per 2.37 mm². The morphologic features of the neoplastic cells were consistent with an astrocytic neoplasm. PCR was performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections of brain tissue, which was negative for subgroup A avian leukosis virus. Based on these findings, the tumor was diagnosed as a presumed spontaneous astrocytoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":8667,"journal":{"name":"Avian Diseases","volume":"67 2","pages":"209-211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9979986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrointestinal Impaction and Necrotic Enteritis in a Backyard Chicken.","authors":"Shayne Ramsubeik,&nbsp;Carmen Jerry,&nbsp;Francisco A Uzal,&nbsp;Carlos Daniel Gornatti Churria,&nbsp;Simone Stoute","doi":"10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1637/aviandiseases-D-23-00006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The carcass of a 4-mo-old, female, mixed-breed backyard chicken was submitted for postmortem evaluation and diagnostic workup. The bird was previously presented to a veterinary clinic because of chronic weight loss and loose stool, and was euthanized before submission to the California Animal Health and Food Safety, Turlock lab. On gross examination, the proventriculus, gizzard, and duodenum were markedly distended and impacted with a mixture of fibrous plant material, cereal grain, and litter material. The koilin layer of the gizzard was eroded. There were multifocal to coalescing, 0.2-1-cm diameter white nodules on the serosal surface of the duodenal loop and lesions extended into the distal jejunum. The duodenum had multifocal, transmural, umbilicated, and ulcerated mucosal lesions, which were covered with a white pseudomembrane. Microscopically, there was segmental, transmural necrosis of the intestinal wall with diffuse sloughing of villi epithelium and accumulation of fibrino-hemorrhagic exudate with numerous bacterial colonies in the lumen. The gross and microscopic findings were indicative of gastrointestinal impaction and necrotic enteritis. Proliferation of <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> within the intestine was demonstrated by anaerobic bacterial culture, intestinal gram stains, and immunohistochemistry. The <i>C. perfringens</i> isolate was type F (encoding the gene for alpha toxin -<i>cpa-</i> and for enterotoxin -<i>cpe</i>) by PCR toxinotyping. Overgrowth of <i>C. perfringens</i> was likely exacerbated by the rough fibrous forage and highly fermentable grain diet. To our knowledge, gastrointestinal impaction concurrent with necrotic enteritis has not been described in backyard chickens. In addition, to our knowledge, <i>C. perfringens</i> type F has not been associated with necrotic enteritis in chickens.</p>","PeriodicalId":8667,"journal":{"name":"Avian Diseases","volume":"67 2","pages":"197-201"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9977859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}