Australian Journal of Botany最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Phytophthora dieback on a key heathland species Xanthorrhoea australis (Asphodelaceae) (austral grasstree) and floristic composition in the eastern Otways, Victoria","authors":"B. A. Wilson, S. P. Casey, M. J. Garkaklis, C. Learmonth, T. Wevill","doi":"10.1071/bt23076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/bt23076","url":null,"abstract":"<strong> Context</strong><p>The plant pathogen <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i> causes severe declines in susceptible vegetation, including loss of plant species, vegetation structure and fauna abundance. Grasstrees (<i>Xanthorrhoea</i> spp.) are keystone species that provide optimal habitat for vertebrates and invertebrates and are highly susceptible to the pathogen. Although effects in the Otway Ranges have been assessed at specific sites, there is less knowledge across the landscape on the extent of loss of <i>Xanthorrhoea australis</i> (austral grasstree).</p><strong> Aims</strong><p>The aims were thus to assess impacts at three Heathy Woodland sites and to determine the magnitude of loss of <i>X. australis</i> and susceptible species losses.</p><strong> Methods</strong><p>Floristic composition, species cover or abundance, and basal area of <i>X. australis</i> were recorded in quadrats within treatments (uninfested, infested, post-infested vegetation). Analyses included floristics (PRIMER v7), significant effects (ANOSIM), species contribution to similarity/dissimilarity (SIMPER). Species richness and susceptible species cover were analysed using two-way crossed ANOVAs to detect the influence of site, treatment, and interactions.</p><strong> Key results</strong><p>Species composition of uninfested vegetation was significantly different to infested and post-infested vegetation, with susceptible species more abundant in uninfested areas. Post-infested vegetation had the lowest percentage cover of susceptible species. The mean percentage cover of <i>X. australis</i> in uninfested vegetation (43%) was 10-fold greater than in infested areas (4.3%) and extremely low in post-infested vegetation (0.9%).</p><strong> Conclusions</strong><p>Susceptible species were subject to density declines and extirpation, and the loss of <i>X. australis</i> resulted in major structural vegetation changes.</p><strong> Implications</strong><p>These results have severe implications for heathy woodland communities and reliant fauna. Limiting the spread of <i>P. cinnamomi</i> and protecting grasstrees is critical for their security.</p>","PeriodicalId":8607,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Botany","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140002289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-unburnt stands of snow gum (Eucalyptus pauciflora Sieber ex Spreng) are exceedingly rare in the Victorian Alps: implications for their conservation and management","authors":"John W. Morgan, Michael Shackleton, Zac C. Walker","doi":"10.1071/bt23068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/bt23068","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The nature of Australia’s high mountains is changing. Recent, repeated landscape-scale fires have burnt much of the subalpine forests dominated by snow gum (<i>Eucalyptus pauciflora</i>). Long-unburnt snow gum forests are important for ecosystem services, have socio-cultural benefits, and conservation values, but they are now exceedingly rare, comprising &lt;1% of snow gum forests in the Victorian Alps. We identify where long-unburnt snow gum stands persist in the Victorian Alps and outline why management intervention is necessary to protect unburnt refuges and, more broadly, to allow mature/adult stands (such as occur on the Baw Baw Plateau) to develop into future old forests.</p>","PeriodicalId":8607,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Botany","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139946543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fire responses of flora in a sclerophyll–rainforest vegetation complex in the Nightcap Range, North Coast, New South Wales","authors":"Andrew Benwell","doi":"10.1071/bt23049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/bt23049","url":null,"abstract":"<strong> Context</strong><p>Species fire responses were investigated in a mixed sclerophyll–rainforest ecosystem in the Nightcap Range, North Coast, New South Wales.</p><strong> Aims</strong><p>To examine rates of seedling recruitment and resprouting in functional and phytogeographic components of wet sclerophyll forest (WSRf), and adjacent open forest (OF) and rock outcrop shrubland (RO).</p><strong> Methods</strong><p>Species resprouting and seedling recruitment traits (fire responses) were recorded in 45 stem plots and 225 seedling subplots in WSRf, OF and RO. Species fire responses were classified, community fire-response spectra compiled and rates of seedling recruitment and resprouting in WSRf examined in relation to primary fire response, growth-form, habitat and broad functional and phytogeographic species groupings. Species size-regenerative class distribution was used to analyse population structure, fire impact, regeneration and recruitment in resprouter species that comprised most of the mesic-Gondwanan element of the WSRf flora.</p><strong> Key results</strong><p>WSRf, OF and RO habitats had distinctively different fire-response spectra. In WSRf, there was a high proportion of mesophyll resprouter species of Gondwanan origin with nil or very low seedling recruitment, a distinct component of mesophyll seeders of Indo-Malayan origin, as well as sclerophyll seeders and resprouters that also comprised most of the OF and RO floras. Resprouters comprised 75% of the WSRf flora, 50% OF and 10% pavement shrubland. Continuous size-class distributions indicated recruitment between fire events in the majority of mesophyll resprouters in WSRf. Lower total seedling density appeared to reflect inherent species traits and less canopy disturbance by fire. Large sclerophyll species forming the unburnt canopy of WSRf had very low seedling recruitment.</p><strong> Conclusions</strong><p>Different habitats (WSRf, OF and RO) and functional and phytogeographic clades in WSRf display distinctive patterns of resprouting and seedling-recruitment fire response. Fire responses of species that maintain species population and community composition are governed by fire regime, habitat variables and inherent species traits.</p><strong> Implications</strong><p>The distinctive fire-response spectrum of WSRf appears to be a direct consequence of the overlap of ‘new’ and ‘old’ floras in this broad vegetation type.</p>","PeriodicalId":8607,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Botany","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139516544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell wall epitope distribution in the functional compartments of galls induced by Palaeomystella oligophaga (Lepidoptera) in Macairea radula (Melastomataceae)","authors":"Patrícia Dias Santos, Gracielle Pereira Pimenta Bragança, Vinícius Coelho Kuster, Diego Ismael Rocha, Denis Coelho de Oliveira","doi":"10.1071/bt23064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/bt23064","url":null,"abstract":"<strong> Context</strong><p>The parasitic interaction between the galling insect <i>Palaeomystella oligophaga</i> (Lepidoptera) and the host plant tissues of <i>Macairea radula</i> (Melastomataceae) leads to the formation of globoid galls. These galls have storage and typical nutritive tissues (outer and inner compartments, respectively), whose functions may be related to differential cell wall component distributions and to the stage of development of the gall inducer.</p><strong> Aims</strong><p>We evaluated whether the cell wall composition of the gall compartments (storage and nutritive tissues) changes according to the developmental stage of the gall inducer <i>P. oligophaga</i>.</p><strong> Methods</strong><p>The galls occupied by the gall inducer in different stages of development (i.e. larval and pupal stages, as well as empty galls) were collected and submitted to histological examination, immunocytochemical analyses using monoclonal antibodies for pectins, hemicelluloses, and glycoproteins, and histochemical analyses using phloroglucinol for lignins.</p><strong> Key results</strong><p>The histological results showed that nutritive tissues have smaller cells compared with storage ones when the galling insect is in the larval stage. Immunocytochemical analyses also showed the occurrence of both methyl-esterified and unesterified pectins, as well hemicelluloses in the nutritive tissue during the larval stage. The dynamic of some cell wall components changes when the gall inducer is in the pupal stage, or the galls are empty.</p><strong> Conclusions</strong><p>The changes in the composition of the cell walls, especially regarding homogalacturonans and xyloglucans, support the high metabolism and resource availability in cell walls of nutritive tissue for the gall inducer.</p><strong> Implications</strong><p>The cell wall composition may indicate important metabolic steps during gall formation and galling insect diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":8607,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Botany","volume":"203 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139103206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From mallees to mountain ash, specific leaf area is coordinated with eucalypt tree stature, resprouting, stem construction, and fruit size","authors":"Antoinette M. Portelli, Saras M. Windecker, Laura J. Pollock, Will C. Neal, William K. Morris, Rohan Khot, Peter A. Vesk","doi":"10.1071/bt23028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/bt23028","url":null,"abstract":"<strong> Context</strong><p>The radiation of eucalypts into almost every Australian environment offers valuable insights to plant ecological strategies.</p><strong> Aims</strong><p>We aimed to assess the degree to which functional traits across different organs are independent or reflect coordinated strategies in southern eucalypts.</p><strong> Methods</strong><p>We applied ordinary and phylogenetic generalised least squares regressions to 164 southern Australian taxa, examining the network of pairwise relationships between 10 functional traits representing aspects of stature, leaf economics, reproduction and post-fire regeneration. We examined coordination and modularity in this network and estimated how phylogeny affects observed trait correlations.</p><strong> Results</strong><p>Stem and stature traits were generally independent of reproductive traits, with Specific Leaf Area the most connected trait, being correlated with traits from all organs. Resprouting ability was also connected to several traits. Species able to resprout basally, but not epicormically, were on average shorter, stouter, with higher stem sapwood density, thinner bark, smaller leaves and lower Specific Leaf Area than those able to resprout using both methods. Taxa resembled their relatives; phylogenetic signal was significant for all continuous traits except Relative Height, ranging from Pagel’s Lambda <i>λ</i> = 0.37 (Relative Bark Thickness) to <i>λ</i> = 0.82 (Specific Leaf Area). Phylogenetic analyses showed weakened correlations for most (but not all) trait pairs. However, most moderate relationships on the trait correlation network also displayed correlated evolution.</p><strong> Conclusions</strong><p>Stature, stem, leaf and reproductive traits and fire response of eucalypts are somewhat coordinated, principally through leaf economics. Trait combinations that confer ecological competence on eucalypt taxa in present-day conditions are likely to have been similarly favoured throughout their evolutionary history.</p><strong> Implications</strong><p>This supports theory of coordinated plant strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8607,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Botany","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138684021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The extent and applications of metal accumulation and hyperaccumulation in Philippine plants","authors":"Sarah Duddigan, Marilyn O. Quimado, Edwino S. Fernando, Mark Tibbett","doi":"10.1071/bt23070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/bt23070","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To examine the potential applications of hyperaccumulator plants in the Philippines, we reviewed current data on the extent of metal hyperaccumulation in native species and partitioning of metals within the plant tissue. Twenty-eight species had reported tissue concentrations above the hyperaccumulator threshold, 11 species were endemic to the Philippines. Nickel was present in higher concentrations in the aboveground tissue than in the belowground tissue, but the reverse was found for copper, aluminium and chromium. The fact that copper accumulates belowground rather than above, and most hyperaccumulators of nickel identified were trees, has implications for the potential of phytoextraction using native Philippines flora.</p>","PeriodicalId":8607,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Botany","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138563883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Species distribution modelling and climatic niche as tools to aid in the integrative taxonomy of a South American species complex in Chromolaena (Asteraceae, Eupatorieae)","authors":"Anderson Luiz Christ, Marcelo Reginato, Jimi Naoki Nakajima, Mara Rejane Ritter","doi":"10.1071/bt23013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/bt23013","url":null,"abstract":"<strong> Context</strong><p>The <i>Chromolaena congesta</i> complex is an informal group of taxa native to grasslands from south-eastern South America with numerous identification problems, currently under study using an integrative approach. Recent studies with morphological data have aided in defining some taxa, but many questions remain to be assessed, and there is much to gain from combining morphological data with other lines of evidence.</p><strong> Aims</strong><p>We investigated whether the species of the <i>C. congesta</i> complex could be circumscribed and differentiated according to climatic and distributional data and how these results compare to published morphological data.</p><strong> Methods</strong><p>We used a SDM approach and climatic envelope estimates of 12 taxa belonging to the <i>C. congesta</i> complex. To achieve that, we compiled a distributional database from herbarium specimen information and produced distribution models for each taxon by using MaxEnt and 19 bioclimatic variables.</p><strong> Key results</strong><p>We found that many species of the complex share similar predicted suitable distribution and climatic preferences, while also uncovering particular geographic and climatic patterns for <i>C. ascendens</i> and <i>C. caaguazuensis</i>. Our results also contributed with the circumscription of <i>C. squarrulosa</i> and provided data for further recognition of two taxonomic novelties.</p><strong> Conclusions</strong><p>Climatic and distributional data yielded interesting results for the taxonomy of this species complex, particularly when confronted with morphological data.</p><strong> Implications</strong><p>This study provided support for an apparently undescribed <i>Chromolaena</i> that merits recognition at species rank and the treatment of <i>Eupatorium caaguazuense</i> var. <i>nervosum</i> as a separate species from <i>C. squarrulosa</i>, while also supplying further evidence that morphologically diverse populations of <i>C. squarrulosa</i> should be treated as a single taxon.</p>","PeriodicalId":8607,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Botany","volume":"23 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138525087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variations in functional traits and resilience of Inga vera subsp. affinis under flooding and drought conditions","authors":"Rosana Müller Padilha Feitosa, Louizi de Souza Magalhães Braghin, Lindamir Hernandez Pastorini, Mariza Barion Romagnolo","doi":"10.1071/bt22051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/bt22051","url":null,"abstract":"<strong> Context</strong><p>The dynamics of a plant population are influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors that interfere with the phenotype of the individual, indicating how species develop in the occupied environment. Riparian plant species are subject to environmental fluctuations, such as periodic flooding regimes and severe droughts, which may result from climate change.</p><strong> Aims</strong><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological growth responses of individuals of <i>Inga vera</i> subsp. <i>affinis</i> (DC.) T.D.Penn. in controlled drought and flooding conditions by observing variations in functional traits using controlled experiments.</p><strong> Methods</strong><p>Individuals were subjected to partial flooding and dry periods, and functional traits, such as leaf area, root height and dry mass, were analysed. The difference between treatments was tested using unifactorial statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA).</p><strong> Key results</strong><p>Fifteen-day-old individuals of <i>Inga vera</i> subsp. <i>affinis</i> kept under flooding conditions showed lower root height and dry mass compared to plants exposed to drought treatment; 50-day-old plants under flooding conditions also presented lower root dry mass than did plants in drought treatment, maintaining the result after the resilience period.</p><strong> Conclusions</strong><p>Root dry mass was the most affected variable in individuals of <i>Inga vera</i> subsp. <i>affinis</i> under flooding conditions, even after the recovery period. In general, plants in the control and drought treatments did not differ significantly considering the analysed variables.</p><strong> Implications</strong><p>Given the current climate change conditions, an increase in the frequency and duration of extreme events, such as floods and droughts, is expected. Thus, understanding how phenotypical traits of species already adapted to flooding conditions behave under water stress and waterlogged conditions for longer periods of time is essential to explain plant responses and predict future survival scenarios for the species.</p>","PeriodicalId":8607,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Botany","volume":"26 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138525092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seed biology can inform conservation actions: a case study on Geijera parviflora","authors":"Ganesha S. Liyanage, Amy-Marie Gilpin, Catherine A. Offord, Amelia J. Martyn Yenson","doi":"10.1071/bt23029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/bt23029","url":null,"abstract":"<strong> Context</strong><p>Knowledge of seed biology is imperative for effective curation and utilisation of seeds.</p><strong> Aims</strong><p>We studied the seed biology and reproduction of <i>Geijera parviflora</i>, a species suitable for ecological restoration and ornamental horticulture that has largely been overlooked because of issues with unreliable germination and viability.</p><strong> Methods</strong><p>Germination in response to dormancy-breaking treatments and soil seed burial, and variation in germination at an inter-population level were assessed for <i>G. parviflora</i>. Seed storability in a conventional seedbank was tested. Floral phenology was assessed.</p><strong> Key results</strong><p>Germination of untreated and seed coat removed seeds were 0 ± 0.0% and 67 ± 5.5% respectively. Seed germination varied between 21.9 ± 1.8 and 66.6 ± 5.5% at an inter-population level. Seeds buried in soil for 6 months showed 11.7 ± 0.8% germination without any treatment. All seeds buried for 12 months were non-viable. Drying seeds from 11.4 ± 0.19% to 5.79 ± 0.17% moisture content resulted in 40% less germination. Visual observation of floral attributes confirmed the presence of orange-coloured pollen grains for 3.5 ± 0.48 days from floral opening. The stigmatic surface became shiny 3.5 ± 0.21 days after floral opening.</p><strong> Conclusion</strong><p>Seeds of <i>G. parviflora</i> demonstrate physiological dormancy; treatments that remove seed coat resistance against embryo growth enable germination. Local environmental conditions may explain the inter-population variation in germination. Seeds are short-lived in soil and <i>ex situ</i> seedbank conditions. In soil, seeds release dormancy at the end of first winter, so seeds are available to germinate the following spring/summer with high rainfall. Floral phenology assessment indicated protandrous sequential hermaphroditism, which may reduce the probability of self-pollination in <i>G. parviflora</i>.</p><strong> Implications</strong><p>This knowledge supports use of <i>G. parviflora</i> in ecological restoration and horticulture.</p>","PeriodicalId":8607,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Botany","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138525086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seed science in Australasia: regionally important, globally relevant","authors":"Lydia K. Guja, Mark K. J. Ooi, Sally L. Norton, Damian Wrigley, Bradley Desmond, Catherine A. Offord","doi":"10.1071/bt23075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/bt23075","url":null,"abstract":"The crises of biodiversity loss, climate change and food security are challenges faced by the conservation and agriculture sectors. We outline, via presentations from the Australasian Seed Science Conference, how seed science is addressing these challenges. Research is focused on practical solutions for seed bank management, seed use and biodiversity conservation. Emerging trends include understanding the role of seed microbiota on plant performance and the roles of seeds in society and culture.","PeriodicalId":8607,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Botany","volume":"7 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135875536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}