Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Research Letter: Limited additional serious adverse events associated with concomitant immunomodulatory treatment in people with atypical psychiatric disease.","authors":"Parisa Fani-Molky, Jocelyn Jiang, Sabrina Naz, David Brown, Anthony Harris","doi":"10.1177/00048674241271969","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241271969","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1001-1007"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11497740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142118888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnic disparities in mental health problems in New Caledonia and French Polynesia.","authors":"Déborah Sebbane, Marielle Wathelet, Stéphane Amadeo, Benjamin Goodfellow, Jean-Luc Roelandt, Paul Dourgnon, Karine Chevreul","doi":"10.1177/00048674241267238","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241267238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Indigenous people experience poorer mental health compared to the general population. Socioeconomic gaps partly explain these disparities. However, there is variability between populations and French overseas territories are understudied. This study examines the prevalence of mental health problems among Indigenous people in New Caledonia and French Polynesia, describing and comparing it with that of their counterparts while considering associated factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the data from the cross-sectional <i>Mental Health in the General Population</i> survey in the only 3 sites for which information on indigenous status was available: Noumea (2006) and the 'Bush' (2008) in New Caledonia, and French Polynesia (2015-2017). Current mental health issues were screened using the <i>Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview</i>. In multivariable analyses, we considered the following factors: gender, age, education level, marital status, occupational activity and monthly income.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 2294 participants were analysed. Among the 1379 indigenous participants, 52.3% had at least one mental health issue. The prevalence of depressive disorder (18.0% vs 11.7%), alcohol use disorder (16.7% vs 11.7%) and suicide risk (22.3% vs 16.7%) were higher among indigenous participants compared to non-indigenous participants. After adjustment, the association between indigenous status and these mental health issues did not persist, except for alcohol use disorder.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found higher prevalence of depressive disorder, alcohol use disorder and suicide risk among indigenous people of French Polynesia and New Caledonia compared to their counterparts. These differences seemed largely explained by socioeconomic disparities. Future studies could explore the use of and access to healthcare by indigenous populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"952-962"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141858936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serving our community, reaching out to our region.","authors":"Steve Kisely","doi":"10.1177/00048674241291316","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241291316","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"925-926"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Letter to the editor regarding 'A revisionist model for treatment-resistant and difficult-to-treat depression'.","authors":"Stephen Rosenman","doi":"10.1177/00048674241271919","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241271919","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1008"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The physical health and premature mortality of Indigenous Māori following first-episode psychosis diagnosis: A 15-year follow-up study.","authors":"Nathan J Monk, Ruth Cunningham, James Stanley, Sue Crengle, Julie Fitzjohn, Melissa Kerdemelidis, Helen Lockett, Andre D McLachlan, Waikaremoana Waitoki, Cameron Lacey","doi":"10.1177/00048674241270981","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241270981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People experiencing psychosis are at greater risk of physical health conditions and premature mortality. It is likely that Indigenous Māori youth, who experience additional systemic inequities caused by settler-colonisation, face even greater physical health and mortality risks following a diagnosis of first-episode psychosis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Compare Māori and non-Māori for risk of hospitalisation and mortality for up to 15 years following first-episode psychosis diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort (<i>N</i> = 14,122) of young people (16-24 years) with first-episode psychosis diagnosis between 2001 and 2019 were identified. Using crude Kaplan-Meier and adjusted Cox proportional hazards models, Māori (<i>n</i> = 5211) and non-Māori (<i>n</i> = 8911) were compared on hospitalisation and mortality outcomes for up to 15 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the 15 years following first-episode psychosis diagnosis, Māori had higher adjusted risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio = 1.21, 95% confidence interval = [1.01, 1.45]), hospitalisation with diabetes (hazard ratio = 1.44, 95% confidence interval = [1.15, 1.79]), injury/poisoning (hazard ratio = 1.11, 95% confidence interval = [1.05, 1.16]), general physical health conditions (hazard ratio = 1.07, 95% confidence interval = [1.02, 1.13]) and also appeared to be at greater risk of cardiovascular hospitalisations (hazard ratio = 1.34, 95% confidence interval = [0.97, 1.86]). Kaplan-Meier plots show hospitalisation and mortality inequities emerging approximately 4-7 years following first-episode psychosis diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Māori are at greater risk for hospitalisation and premature mortality outcomes following first-episode psychosis. Early screening and intervention, facilitated by culturally safe health service delivery, is needed to target these inequities early.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"963-976"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11529131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Author reply to Letter to the Editor regarding 'A revisionist model for treatment-resistant and difficult-to-treat depression'.","authors":"Gordon Parker","doi":"10.1177/00048674241276419","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241276419","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1010"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do compulsory mental health patients have a right to receive a second opinion on their treatment under Australian mental health legislation?","authors":"Sam Boyle, Emma Cockburn, Bianca Mandeville","doi":"10.1177/00048674241267219","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241267219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We reviewed Australian mental health legislation to determine what obligations it places on psychiatrists to facilitate second opinions for compulsory patients who request them. Only four jurisdictions-Australian Capital Territory, Queensland, Victoria, and Western Australia-have legislated for 'patient-initiated' second opinions. Within these four regimes, there is variation in important aspects of the second opinion process, and there is a general absence of direction given to the second opinion providers. Based on research showing the variability of second opinion provision under New Zealand mental health legislation, we argue that this absence is likely to result in significant variation in the quality and depth of second opinions provided in Australia. We argue that New South Wales, the Northern Territory, South Australia, and Tasmania should consider formal provision for patient-initiated second opinions in their mental health legislation. We believe that such legislation ought to be aware of the barriers patients may face in accessing second opinions, and avoid exacerbating these barriers as Queensland's legislation appears to. Also, we argue that research on current practice in Australia should be conducted to better understand the effects of legislation on second opinions, and to help determine what amounts to best practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"927-929"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11497731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141878294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Letter to the Editor regarding 'A revisionist model for treatment-resistant and difficult-to-treat depression'.","authors":"Dusan Kolar, Michael V Kolar","doi":"10.1177/00048674241271020","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241271020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1008-1009"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142118886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glutamatergic neurotransmission in schizophrenia: A systematic review and quantitative synthesis of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies across schizophrenia spectrum disorders.","authors":"Jamie J Lopes, Sean P Carruthers, Denny Meyer, Brian Dean, Susan L Rossell","doi":"10.1177/00048674241254216","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241254216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Studies using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy reveal substantial inconsistencies in the levels of brain glutamate, glutamine and glutamate + glutamine across schizophrenia spectrum disorders. This systematic review employs qualitative and quantitative methods to analyse the patterns and relationships between glutamatergic metabolites, schizophrenia spectrum disorders and brain regions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was conducted using various databases with keywords including glutamate, glutamine, schizophrenia, psychosis and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Inclusion criteria were limited to case-control studies that reported glutamatergic metabolite levels in adult patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder diagnosis - i.e. first-episode psychosis, schizophrenia, treatment-resistant schizophrenia and/or ultra-treatment-resistant schizophrenia - using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3 T or above. Pooled study data were synthesized and analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 92 studies met the inclusion criteria, including 2721 healthy controls and 2822 schizophrenia spectrum disorder participants. Glu levels were higher in the basal ganglia, frontal cortex and medial prefrontal of first-episode psychosis participants, contrasting overall lower levels in schizophrenia participants. For Gln, strong differences in metabolite levels were evident in the basal ganglia, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and frontal cortex, with first-episode psychosis showing significantly higher levels in the basal ganglia. In glutamate + glutamine, higher metabolite levels were found across schizophrenia spectrum disorder groups, particularly in the basal ganglia and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of treatment-resistant schizophrenia participants. Significant relationships were found between metabolite levels and medication status, clinical measures and methodological variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The review highlights abnormal glutamatergic metabolite levels throughout schizophrenia spectrum disorders and in specific brain regions. The review underscores the importance of standardized future research assessing glutamatergic metabolites using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy due to considerable literature heterogeneity.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"930-951"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11529133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141173681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-occurring mental and substance use disorders in Australia 2020-2022: Prevalence, patterns, conditional probabilities and correlates in the general population.","authors":"Matthew Sunderland, Joshua Vescovi, Cath Chapman, Vikas Arya, Meredith Harris, Philip Burgess, Christina Marel, Katherine Mills, Andrew Baillie, Maree Teesson, Tim Slade","doi":"10.1177/00048674241284913","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241284913","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous estimates from 2007 found that co-occurring mental and/or substance use disorders were a pervasive feature of Australia's mental health. Since that time there have been shifts and improvements in the conceptualisation and incorporation of co-occurring disorders in research and treatment settings. The current study provides up-to-date estimates on the prevalence of co-occurring mental and/or substance use disorders, highlights common patterns of co-occurrence, identifies significant correlates and examines any changes in the extent of co-occurring disorders since 2007.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were from the two Australian National Surveys of Mental Health and Wellbeing conducted in 2020-2022 (<i>N</i> = 15,893) and 2007 (<i>N</i> = 8841). Descriptive statistics were estimated for the number of co-occurring conditions, correlations and pairwise conditional probabilities. Multinomial logistic and robust Poisson regressions were used to identify significant correlates and compare changes in co-occurring conditions across surveys.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately 46% of people with a mental or substance use disorder in the past 12 months experienced two or more diagnosable conditions. There was little evidence to suggest that the prevalence of co-occurring disorders has changed since 2007 (Prevalence Ratio (PR) = 1.08, 95% CI = 0.98-1.18). Subgroup analysis indicated that those aged 16-24 years were significantly more likely to experience any co-occurrence in 2020-2022 compared with those aged 16-24 years in 2007 (PR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.17-1.77).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Co-occurring mental and substance use disorders remain endemic in Australia. Indeed, they appear to be increasingly problematic in younger, more recent cohorts. The results suggest that continued effort is needed to develop and implement transdiagnostic interventions that target broad contextual and/or societal factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"48674241284913"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}