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Analyses of Equipment, Meteorology and Other Factors Affecting Drift from Applications of Sprays by Ground Rig Sprayers 影响地面钻机喷雾器喷雾漂移的设备、气象和其他因素分析
ASTM special technical publications Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1520/STP10433S
A. Hewitt, David L. Valcore, T. Barry
{"title":"Analyses of Equipment, Meteorology and Other Factors Affecting Drift from Applications of Sprays by Ground Rig Sprayers","authors":"A. Hewitt, David L. Valcore, T. Barry","doi":"10.1520/STP10433S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1520/STP10433S","url":null,"abstract":"Studies were conducted in the field to measure off-target spray deposition rates from applications of sprays under different application (nozzle/droplet size and boom height) and meteorological conditions. The results were analyzed to investigate the effects of spray quality, boom height and wind speed on spray deposition rates. Curves are presented showing that deposition rates were greater for fine sprays than medium to extra coarse sprays, and for greater boom heights. There was not a strong correlation between deposition rates and wind speed. This was probably due mainly to the relatively far distance of the first sampling location at 25 ft (7.5 m) from the edge of the application area, and to the fact that most of the wind speeds in the studies were greater than the <10 mph (<16 km/hr) where wind speed effects would be most likely to be most evident.","PeriodicalId":8583,"journal":{"name":"ASTM special technical publications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83369845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Adjuvant effects on spray characteristics and drift potential 佐剂对喷雾特性和漂移势的影响
ASTM special technical publications Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1520/STP10727S
P. Miller, A. Hewitt, W. Bagley
{"title":"Adjuvant effects on spray characteristics and drift potential","authors":"P. Miller, A. Hewitt, W. Bagley","doi":"10.1520/STP10727S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1520/STP10727S","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes studies that were conducted to investigate the effects of different surfactant and emulsion adjuvant chemistries and formulations on spray characteristics and drift potential of a commercial herbicide. Previous research has shown that surfactant, emulsion, and polymer adjuvants can affect the formation of sprays and liquid distribution patterns when atomized through flat fan nozzles. The present research involved the application of various different tank mix-adjuvant combinations through flat fan, disc-core, and air induction nozzles. The sprays were characterized using spark photography, droplet size analysis, liquid patternation, and driftability measurements in a wind tunnel. Atomization was related to the physical properties of the tank mixes and sheet breakup mechanisms. The results will help in the development of ASTM test guidelines for spray characterization and drift research, and provide valuable information for applicators to consider when selecting tank mix-nozzle combinations for the application of agricultural chemicals.","PeriodicalId":8583,"journal":{"name":"ASTM special technical publications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91173763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Hydrogen Embrittlement - Loading Rate Effects in Fracture Mechanics Testing 断裂力学试验中的氢脆加载速率效应
ASTM special technical publications Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1520/STP10226S
R. Koers, A. Krom, A. Bakker
{"title":"Hydrogen Embrittlement - Loading Rate Effects in Fracture Mechanics Testing","authors":"R. Koers, A. Krom, A. Bakker","doi":"10.1520/STP10226S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1520/STP10226S","url":null,"abstract":"The fitness for purpose methodology is more and more used in the oil and gas industry to evaluate the significance of pre-existing flaws and material deficiencies with regard to the suitability of continued operation of equipment. In this methodology, traditional fracture mechanics is integrated with expertise in inspection technology, material evaluation, and corrosion damage assessment, stress analysis and the mechanics of materials. Application of the fitness for purpose methodology for equipment operating in hydrogenation environments or in sour service is rather complex, in particular, due to the uncertainty in the reduction of the fracture toughness caused by hydrogen embrittlement. Hydrogen embrittlement is a time-dependent fracture process caused by the absorption and diffusion of atomic hydrogen into the steel, which results in a loss of ductility. An experimental study has been performed to quantify the reduction of fracture toughness of an API 5L grade X56 pipeline steel, and a numerical model has been presented to understand the experimental results.","PeriodicalId":8583,"journal":{"name":"ASTM special technical publications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79122581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Effect of Friction on the Perceived Mode II Delamination Toughness from Three- and Four-Point Bend End-Notched Flexure Tests 摩擦对三点和四点弯曲端缺口弯曲试验中感知的II型分层韧性的影响
ASTM special technical publications Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1520/STP14518S
C. Schuecker, B. Davidson
{"title":"Effect of Friction on the Perceived Mode II Delamination Toughness from Three- and Four-Point Bend End-Notched Flexure Tests","authors":"C. Schuecker, B. Davidson","doi":"10.1520/STP14518S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1520/STP14518S","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8583,"journal":{"name":"ASTM special technical publications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88546783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 47
Fatigue crack growth of a Ni-P amorphous alloy thin film Ni-P非晶合金薄膜的疲劳裂纹扩展
ASTM special technical publications Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1520/STP10980S
K. Takashima, M. Shimojo, Y. Higo, M. Swain
{"title":"Fatigue crack growth of a Ni-P amorphous alloy thin film","authors":"K. Takashima, M. Shimojo, Y. Higo, M. Swain","doi":"10.1520/STP10980S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1520/STP10980S","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8583,"journal":{"name":"ASTM special technical publications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74018788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Maintaining the Accuracy of Charpy Impact Machines 维护Charpy冲击机的精度
ASTM special technical publications Pub Date : 2000-05-01 DOI: 10.1520/STP14391S
D. Vigliotti, T. Siewert, C. Mccowan
{"title":"Maintaining the Accuracy of Charpy Impact Machines","authors":"D. Vigliotti, T. Siewert, C. Mccowan","doi":"10.1520/STP14391S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1520/STP14391S","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8583,"journal":{"name":"ASTM special technical publications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82519592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Residual Strength Analyses of Riveted Lap-Splice Joints 铆接搭接接头残余强度分析
ASTM special technical publications Pub Date : 2000-04-01 DOI: 10.1520/STP14817S
B. R. Seshadri, J. Newman
{"title":"Residual Strength Analyses of Riveted Lap-Splice Joints","authors":"B. R. Seshadri, J. Newman","doi":"10.1520/STP14817S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1520/STP14817S","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper was to analyze the crack-linkup behavior in riveted-stiffened lap-splice joint panels with small multiple-site damage (MSD) cracks at several adjacent rivet holes. Analyses are based on the STAGS (STructural Analysis of General Shells) code with the critical crack-tip-opening angle (CTOA) fracture criterion. To account for high constraint around a crack front, the \"plane strain core\" option in STAGS was used. The importance of modeling rivet flexibility with fastener elements that accurately model load transfer across the joint is discussed. Fastener holes are not modeled but rivet connectivity is accounted for by attaching rivets to the sheet on one side of the cracks that simulated both the rivet diameter and MSD cracks. Residual strength analyses made on 2024-T3 alloy (1.6-mm thick) riveted-lap-splice joints with a lead crack and various size MSD cracks were compared with test data from Boeing Airplane Company. Analyses were conducted for both restrained and unrestrained buckling conditions. Comparison of results from these analyses and results from lap-splice-joint test panels, which were partially restrained against buckling indicate that the test results were bounded by the failure loads predicted by the analyses with restrained and unrestrained conditions.","PeriodicalId":8583,"journal":{"name":"ASTM special technical publications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79226234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Assessments of Low Cycle Fatigue Behavior of Powder Metallurgy Alloy U720 粉末冶金合金U720低周疲劳性能评价
ASTM special technical publications Pub Date : 2000-03-01 DOI: 10.1520/STP14797S
T. P. Gabb, P. Bonacuse, L. Ghosn, J. W. Sweeney, Amitava Chatterjee, K. Green
{"title":"Assessments of Low Cycle Fatigue Behavior of Powder Metallurgy Alloy U720","authors":"T. P. Gabb, P. Bonacuse, L. Ghosn, J. W. Sweeney, Amitava Chatterjee, K. Green","doi":"10.1520/STP14797S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1520/STP14797S","url":null,"abstract":"Timothy P. GabbGlenn Research Center, Cleveland, OhioPeter J. BonacuseU.S. Army Research Laboratory, Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OhioLouis J. GhosnGlenn Research Center, Cleveland, OhioJoseph W. SweeneyGilcrest Electric Company, Brook Park, OhioAmit Chatterjee and Kenneth A. GreenAllison Engine Company, Indianapolis, Indiana","PeriodicalId":8583,"journal":{"name":"ASTM special technical publications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85337512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Composite Analysis for Low-Level Waste Disposal in the 200 Area Plateau of the Hanford Site, Southeast Washington 华盛顿东南部汉福德遗址200区高原低放射性废物处理的综合分析
ASTM special technical publications Pub Date : 2000-03-01 DOI: 10.1520/STP14417S
C. Kincaid, M. Bergeron, C. Cole, M. Freshley, V. Johnson, D. Kaplan, R. Serne, G. P. Streile, D. Strenge, P. Thorne, L. Vail, G. Whyatt, S. Wurstner
{"title":"Composite Analysis for Low-Level Waste Disposal in the 200 Area Plateau of the Hanford Site, Southeast Washington","authors":"C. Kincaid, M. Bergeron, C. Cole, M. Freshley, V. Johnson, D. Kaplan, R. Serne, G. P. Streile, D. Strenge, P. Thorne, L. Vail, G. Whyatt, S. Wurstner","doi":"10.1520/STP14417S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1520/STP14417S","url":null,"abstract":"A composite analysis of low-level radioactive waste disposal and other radioactive sources was recently completed for the Hanford Site in Southeast Washington State. Impacts from source release and environmental transportwere estimated for a 1 000-year period following Site closure in a multi-step process involving 1) estimation of radiological inventories and releases, 2) assessment of contaminant migration through the vadose zone, groundwater, and atmospheric pathways, 3) and estimation of doses. The analysis showed that most of the radionuclide inventory in past-practice liquid discharge sites and pre-1988 solid waste burial grounds on the 200 Area Plateau will be released in the first several hundred years following Hanford Site closure, well before projected releases from active and planned disposals of solid waste. The maximum predicted agricultural dose was less than 6 mrem/y in 2050 and declined thereafter. The maximum doses for the residential, industrial, and recreational scenarios, were 2.2, 0.7, and 0.04 mrem/y, respectively, and also declined after 2050.","PeriodicalId":8583,"journal":{"name":"ASTM special technical publications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80868252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Mechanical properties of degraded PMR-15 resin 降解PMR-15树脂的力学性能
ASTM special technical publications Pub Date : 2000-02-01 DOI: 10.1520/STP15826S
Luis Tsuji, H. Mcmanus, K. Bowles
{"title":"Mechanical properties of degraded PMR-15 resin","authors":"Luis Tsuji, H. Mcmanus, K. Bowles","doi":"10.1520/STP15826S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1520/STP15826S","url":null,"abstract":"Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, February 1999.","PeriodicalId":8583,"journal":{"name":"ASTM special technical publications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86197290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 33
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