Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Validation of exercise-response genes in skeletal muscle cells of Thoroughbred racing horses.","authors":"Doh Hoon Kim, Hyo Gun Lee, Nipin Sp, Dong Young Kang, Kyoung-Jin Jang, Hak Kyo Lee, Byung-Wook Cho, Young Mok Yang","doi":"10.5713/ajas.18.0749","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ajas.18.0749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To understand the athletic characteristics of Thoroughbreds, high-throughput analysis has been conducted using horse muscle tissue. However, an in vitro system has been lacking for studying and validating genes from in silico data. The aim of this study is to validate genes from differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of our previous RNA-sequencing data in vitro. Also, we investigated the effects of exercise-induced stress including heat, oxidative, hypoxic and cortisol stress on horse skeletal muscle derived cells with the top six upregulated genes of DEGs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Enriched pathway analysis was conducted using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) tool with upregulated genes in horse skeletal muscle tissue after exercise. Among the candidates, the top six genes were analysed through geneMANIA to investigate gene networks. Muscle cells derived from neonatal horse skeletal tissue were maintained and subjected to exercise-related stressors. Transcriptional changes in the top six genes followed by stressors were investigated using qRT-PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The inflammation response pathway was the most commonly upregulated pathway after horse exercise. Under non-cytotoxic conditions of exercise-related stressors, the transcriptional response of the top six genes was different among types of stress. Oxidative stress yielded the most similar expression pattern to DEGs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results indicate that transcriptional change after horse exercise in skeletal muscle tissue strongly relates to stress response. qRT-PCR results showed that stressors contribute differently to the transcriptional regulation. These results would be valuable information to understand horse exercise in the stress aspect.</p>","PeriodicalId":8558,"journal":{"name":"Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"134-142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7888507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37176554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WITHDRAWN:Performance and meat quality of lambs fed detoxified castor meal.","authors":"Hellenn Cardoso Oliveira, Rasmo Garcia, Vitor Visintin Silva de Almeida, Aline Cardoso Oliveira, Aureliano José Vieira Pires, Ueslei Leonardo Cardoso Oliveira, Andreia Santos Cezario, Dorgival Morais de Lima Júnior","doi":"10.5713/ab.20.0592","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.20.0592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ahead of Print article withdrawn by publisher.</p>","PeriodicalId":8558,"journal":{"name":"Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9463402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of injected fat-soluble vitamins in plasma and tissues of nursery pigs.","authors":"Young Dal Jang,&nbsp;Mikayla J Rotering,&nbsp;Paige K Isensee,&nbsp;Kirsten A Rinholen,&nbsp;Carli J Boston-Denton,&nbsp;Paige G Kelley,&nbsp;Robert L Stuart","doi":"10.5713/ajas.19.0987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.19.0987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of fat-soluble vitamin injection on plasma and tissue vitamin status in nursery pigs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 16 pigs (initial body weight: 7.15±1.1 kg) were allotted to 2 treatments at d 7 post-weaning. Pigs were fed a corn-soybean meal-based basal diet with no supplemental vitamin A and i.m. injected with 300,000 IU of retinyl palmitate, 900 IU of d-α-tocopherol and 30,000 IU of vitamin D3 with control pigs having no vitamin injection. Blood (d 0, 3, 7, and 14 post-injection) and tissue samples (liver, brain, heart, lung, and muscle; d 7 and 14 post-injection) were collected from pigs. Retinyl palmitate, retinol, and α-tocopherol concentrations were analyzed in plasma and tissues, while plasma was assayed for 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OHD3).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Plasma retinol and 25-OHD3 concentrations increased by the vitamin injection from d 3 to 14 post-injection (p<0.05) whereas plasma retinyl palmitate was detected only in the vitamin treatment at d 3 and 7 post-injection (115.51 and 4.97 μg/mL, respectively). Liver retinol, retinyl palmitate, and retinol+retinyl palmitate concentrations increased by retinyl palmitate injection at d 7 and 14 post-injection (p<0.05) whereas those were not detected in the other tissues. The d-α-tocopherol injection increased α-tocopherol concentrations in plasma at d 3 and 7 post-injection (p<0.05) and in liver, heart (p<0.10), and muscle (p<0.05) at d 7 post-injection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fat-soluble vitamin injection increased plasma status of α-tocopherol, retinol, retinyl palmitate and 25-OHD3. As plasma levels decreased post-injection, vitamin A level in liver and vitamin E level in muscle, heart and liver increased. The α-tocopherol found in plasma after injection was distributed to various tissues but retinyl palmitate only to the liver.</p>","PeriodicalId":8558,"journal":{"name":"Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"33 12","pages":"1985-1990"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7649402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37843134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of body weight and fiber sources on fiber digestibility and short chain fatty acid concentration in growing pigs.","authors":"Jinbiao Zhao,&nbsp;Xuzhou Liu,&nbsp;Yi Zhang,&nbsp;Ling Liu,&nbsp;Junjun Wang,&nbsp;Shuai Zhang","doi":"10.5713/ajas.19.0713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.19.0713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study was conducted to determine the effects of body weight (BW) and fiber sources on nutrient digestibility, fiber fermentation and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration in different intestinal segments of growing pigs fed high-fiber diets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nine barrows with initial BW of 25.17±0.73 kg and 9 barrows with initial BW of 63.47±2.18 kg were allotted to a duplicate 9×2 Youden Square design with 3 dietary treatments and 2 periods. The dietary treatments were formulated with 3 different high-fiber ingredients: corn bran, sugar beet pulp, and soybean hulls, respectively. Each diet was fed to 3 barrows with different stage of BW in each period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no differences in the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of most nutrients between pigs at different BW stages. Pigs at 60 kg had greater (p<0.05) apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of total dietary fiber (TDF), soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), and had greater (p<0.05) hindgut disappearance of IDF and cellulose than pigs at 25 kg. The acetate, propionate and total SCFA concentrations in ileal digesta and feces of pigs at 60 kg were greater (p<0.05) than those of pigs at 25 kg. In addition, fiber sources affected (p<0.05) the AID of gross energy (GE), organic matter (OM), ether extract (EE), crude protein, SDF and hemicellulose, the hindgut disappearance and ATTD of dietary fiber components, the lactate and propionate concentrations in ileal digesta and the butyrate, valerate and total SCFA concentrations in feces. There were interactions (p<0.05) between BW and fiber sources on the AID of GE, OM, EE, SDF, hemicellulose, the ATTD of EE, TDF, and IDF, and the hindgut disappearance of SDF and hemicellulose.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increasing BW mainly improved the digestibility of dietary fiber fractions, and the dietary fiber sources influenced the digestibility of almost all the dietary nutrients in growing pigs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8558,"journal":{"name":"Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"33 12","pages":"1975-1984"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7649408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37640804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of three different diets on the fatty acid profile and sensory properties of fresh Pecorino cheese \"Primo Sale\".","authors":"Isa Fusaro,&nbsp;Melania Giammarco,&nbsp;Michael Odintsov Vaintrub,&nbsp;Matteo Chincarini,&nbsp;Anna Chiara Manetta,&nbsp;Ludovica M E Mammi,&nbsp;Alberto Palmonari,&nbsp;Andrea Formigoni,&nbsp;Giorgio Vignola","doi":"10.5713/ajas.19.0452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.19.0452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of three different diets on the fatty acids (FA) profile and sensory properties of a characteristic Italian fresh cheese: Pecorino \"Primo Sale\" (PS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-four sheep were divided into three feeding groups: total mixed ration (TMR) enriched with extruded linseed (TL), control diet with TMR without any integration (TC), and pasture (P). During cheese production, six cheeses per experimental group were produced each week, stored for 10 days at 4°C, and then analyzed for chemical composition, FA profile, and sensory properties.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Saturated fatty acids (SFA) were significantly higher in PS from group TC (82.11%) than in cheese from other two groups (P 75.48% and TL 66.83%). TL and P groups presented higher values of polyunsaturated fatty acids, 4.35 and 3.65%, respectively, than that of TC group (2.31%). The lowest SFA/unsaturated fatty acid ratio was found in TL and P groups, while the highest was found in the TC group. Vaccenic acid and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) were higher in group P (p<0.05) than in groups L and TC. Sensory properties of cheese from group P received the highest scores for odor intensity and friability, while control group had a greater chewing consistency. Overall, all cheeses received good scores for acceptability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, this study showed how the integration of extruded linseed improved the FA profile of fresh pecorino cheese PS preserving its sensory properties. Levels of CLA in the PS group achieved using this approach was not higher than that in a grazing diet. Cheeses from groups P and L contained a higher value of FA, with nutritional implications for humans, when compared with un-supplemented diet. Linseed may be a good feeding strategy when pasture is not available.</p>","PeriodicalId":8558,"journal":{"name":"Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"33 12","pages":"1991-1998"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7649410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37640905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TATA box binding protein and ribosomal protein 4 are suitable reference genes for normalization during quantitative polymerase chain reaction study in bovine mesenchymal stem cells.","authors":"Si-Jung Jang, Ryoung-Hoon Jeon, Hwan-Deuk Kim, Jong-Chan Hwang, Hyeon-Jeong Lee, Seul-Gi Bae, Sung-Lim Lee, Gyu-Jin Rho, Seung-Joon Kim, Won-Jae Lee","doi":"10.5713/ajas.20.0238","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ajas.20.0238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) has been extensively used in the field of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) research to elucidate their characteristics and clinical potential by normalization of target genes against reference genes (RGs), which are believed to be stably expressed irrespective of various experimental conditions. However, the expression of RGs is also variable depending on the experimental conditions, which may lead to false or contradictory conclusions upon normalization. Due to the current lack of information for a clear list of stable RGs in bovine MSCs, we conducted this study to identify suitable RGs in bovine MSCs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cycle threshold values of ten traditionally used RGs (18S ribosomal RNA [18S], beta-2-microglobulin [B2M], H2A histone family, member Z [H2A], peptidylprolyl isomerase A [PPIA], ribosomal protein 4 [RPL4], succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit A [SDHA], beta actin [ACTB], glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [GAPDH], TATA box binding protein [TBP], and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltrasnfrase1 [HPRT1]) in bovine bone marrow-derived MSCs (bBMMSCs) were validated for their stabilities using three types of RG evaluation algorithms (geNorm, Normfinder, and Bestkeeper). The effect of validated RGs was then verified by normalization of lineage-specific genes (fatty acid binding protein 4 [FABP4] and osteonectin [ON]) expressions during differentiations of bBMMSCs or POU class 5 homeobox 1 (OCT4) expression between bBMMSCs and dermal skins.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the results obtained for the three most stable RGs from geNorm (TBP, RPL4, and H2A), Normfinder (TBP, RPL4, and SDHA), and Bestkeeper (TBP, RPL4, and SDHA), it was comprehensively determined that TBP and RPL4 were the most stable RGs in bBMMSCs. However, traditional RGs were suggested to be the least stable (18S) or moderately stable (GAPDH and ACTB) in bBMMSCs. Normalization of FABP4 or ON against TBP, RPL4, and 18S presented significant differences during differentiation of bBMMSCs. However, although significantly low expression of OCT4 was detected in dermal skins compared to that in bBMMSCs when TBP and RPL4 were used in normalization, normalization against 18S exhibited no significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study proposes that TBP and RPL4 were suitable as stable RGs for qPCR study in bovine MSCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8558,"journal":{"name":"Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"33 12","pages":"2021-2030"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7649396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38293227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Importance of micronutrients in bone health of monogastric animals and techniques to improve the bioavailability of micronutrient supplements - A review.","authors":"Santi Devi Upadhaya, In Ho Kim","doi":"10.5713/ajas.19.0945","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ajas.19.0945","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamins and minerals categorized as micronutrients are the essential components of animal feed for maintaining health and improving immunity. Micronutrients are important bioactive molecules and cofactors of enzymes as well. Besides being cofactors for enzymes, some vitamins such as the fat-soluble vitamins, vitamin A and D have been shown to exhibit hormone-like functions. Although they are required in small amount, they play an influential role in the proper functioning of a number of enzymes which are involved in many metabolic, biochemical and physiological processes that contribute to growth, production and health. Micronutrients can potentially have a positive impact on bone health, preventing bone loss and fractures, decreasing bone resorption and increasing bone formation. Thus, micronutrients must be provided to livestock in optimal concentrations and according to requirements that change during the rapid growth and development of the animal and the production cycle. The supply of nutrients to the animal body not only depends on the amount of the nutrient in a food, but also on its bioavailability. The bioavailability of these micronutrients is affected by several factors. Therefore, several technologies such as nanoparticle, encapsulation, and chelation have been developed to improve the bioavailability of micronutrients associated with bone health. The intention of this review is to provide an updated overview of the importance of micronutrients on bone health and methods applied to improve their bioavailability.</p>","PeriodicalId":8558,"journal":{"name":"Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"33 12","pages":"1885-1895"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7649403/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37731716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary corn resistant starch regulates intestinal morphology and barrier functions by activating the Notch signaling pathway of broilers.","authors":"Yingying Zhang,&nbsp;Yingsen Liu,&nbsp;Jiaolong Li,&nbsp;Tong Xing,&nbsp;Yun Jiang,&nbsp;Lin Zhang,&nbsp;Feng Gao","doi":"10.5713/ajas.19.0967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.19.0967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary corn resistant starch (RS) on the intestinal morphology and barrier functions of broilers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 320 one-day-old broilers were randomly allocated to 5 dietary treatments: one normal corn-soybean (NC) diet, one corn-soybean-based diet supplementation with 20% corn starch (CS), and 3 corn-soybean-based diets supplementation with 4%, 8%, and 12% corn resistant starch (RS) (identified as 4% RS, 8% RS, and 12% RS, respectively). Each group had eight replicates with eight broilers per replicate. After 21 days feeding, one bird with a body weight (BW) close to the average BW of their replicate was selected and slaughtered. The samples of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum digesta, and blood were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Birds fed 4% RS, 8% RS and 12% RS diets showed lower feed intake, BW gain, jejunal villus height (VH), duodenal crypt depth (CD), jejunal VH/CD ratio, duodenal goblet cell density as well as mucin1 mRNA expressions compared to the NC group, but showed higher concentrations of cecal acetic acid and butyric acid, percentage of jejunal proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells and delta like canonical Notch ligand 4 (Dll4), and hes family bHLH transcription factor 1 mRNA expressions. However, there were no differences on the plasma diamine oxidase activity and D-lactic acid concentration among all groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggested that RS could suppress intestinal morphology and barrier functions by activating Notch pathway and inhibiting the development of goblet cells, resulting in decreased mucins and tight junction mRNA expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":8558,"journal":{"name":"Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"33 12","pages":"2008-2020"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7649406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37731719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of water scarcity during thermal-humidity exposure on the mineral footprint of sheep.","authors":"Jalil Ghassemi Nejad,&nbsp;Bae-Hun Lee,&nbsp;Ji-Yung Kim,&nbsp;Kyu-Hyun Park,&nbsp;Won-Seob Kim,&nbsp;Kyung-Il Sung,&nbsp;Hong-Gu Lee","doi":"10.5713/ajas.20.0350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.20.0350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Combination of two stressors on alteration of mineral footprints in animals needs due attention to meet maximum production and welfare, particularly in grazing sheep. This study tested whether ewes (Ovis aries) exposed to water deprivation and thermal-humidity stressors had altered mineral footprints in their wool, serum, urine, and feces.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nine ewes (age = 3 years; mean body weight = 41±3.5 kg) were divided among a control group with free access to water, and treatment groups with water deprivation lasting either 2 h (2hWD) or 3 h (3hWD) after feeding. Using a 3×3 Latin square design, animals were assigned to treatment groups for three sampling periods of 21 days each (n = 9). Blood was collected by jugular venipuncture. Wool was collected at the end of periods 2 and 3. Metabolic crates designed with metal grated floors were used for urine and feces collection. We measured sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), chloride (Cl), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The wool mineral levels did not differ between the treatment groups, although K was marginally lower (p = 0.10) in the 2hWD group. The serum and urine mineral levels did not differ between the treatments (p>0.05). Fecal K was significantly lower in the 2hWD group than in the other groups (p≤0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, water deprivation and thermal-humidity exposure altered the excretion of K, but not of other minerals, in the wool, urine, feces, or serum of ewes. Thus, no additional mineral supplementation is needed for water deprived ewes during thermalhumidity exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":8558,"journal":{"name":"Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"33 12","pages":"1940-1947"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7649405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38293228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of muscle-specific beef color stability at different ultimate pHs.","authors":"Shuang Wu, Jina Han, Rongrong Liang, Pengcheng Dong, Lixian Zhu, David L Hopkins, Yimin Zhang, Xin Luo","doi":"10.5713/ajas.19.0943","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ajas.19.0943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was aimed to investigate the muscle-specific beef color stability at normal and high ultimate pHs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The impact of muscle (Longissimus lumborum [LL] vs psoas major [PM]) and pH (normal ultimate pH [Np] vs high pH dark cutting beef [Hp]) on color stability, indicated by basic color traits, metmyoglobin reducing activity (MRA) and oxygen consumption (OC), as well as the lipid oxidation, were determined over 7 days of display at 4°C.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hp-LL had the highest pH (6.92), followed by Hp-PM (6.01), Np-PM (5.76), and Np-LL (5.52). Hp-LL had increased (p<0.05) a*, chroma and % oxymyoglobin during display. Hp-LL also had the highest metmyoglobin (MMb) reducing activity and OC among all the samples, thus, the greatest color stability, although very dark throughout storage, with lowest values for lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*). Np-LL also exhibited relatively high color stability, as a result of its lower % MMb and OC and higher MRA than psoas muscle samples. The 0.2 unit difference of the pH between Hp and Np psoas muscle, resulted in the difference of the color intensity, not the color stability. Interestingly, high pH psoas muscle (Hp-PM) did not have better color stability than Np-PM, and in fact had lower color stability than even Np-LL. The similar level of OC and lipid oxidation cannot explain the difference in color stability between Hp-PM and Np-LL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Hp does not always show better color stability compared with Np beef, which depends on the muscle type. The balance of MRA and OC is important to keep the color in great intensity and stability in the meantime.</p>","PeriodicalId":8558,"journal":{"name":"Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"33 12","pages":"1999-2007"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7649401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37683953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}