Applied Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs最新文献

{"title":"Salmonella Breast Abscess and Salmonella Mastitis: A Review and Update of the Literature","authors":"A. Venyo","doi":"10.31579/2693-4779/31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2693-4779/31","url":null,"abstract":"Salmonella breast abscess / mastitis is a rare infection which can affect children and adults. It can affect females more commonly who are non-lactating and it does affect males as well as individuals who have predisposed conditions including: the immunocompromised, diabetics, rheumatoid arthritis, malignancies and other diseases. It may be acute, chronic, unilateral, or bi-lateral, as well as it may be recurrent if it is not appropriately treated. There tends to be a history of previous enteric fever (abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhoea) which may not have been treated or adequately treated but this history has tended not to be apparent at the time of presentation. Manifestations of the disease tend to include a short- or long-history of: lump/mass in the breast which may or may not be painful, a history of previous diarrhoea, weight. The breast examination findings tend to be non-specific with some the findings including tenderness or no tenderness, a mass that may or may not be tender, a fluctuant lump that may feel like containing fluid, a firm or hard feeling lump that may mimic carcinoma of the breast. Confirmation of the diagnosis tends to be via obtaining culture and sensitivity results of a Salmonella organism and its sensitivity pattern. Treatments that have been given include: Utilization of correct antibiotics based upon the sensitivity pattern of the cultured organism, plus surgical treatment which could be complete aspiration of the pus, incision and drainage of the abscess or in cases where carcinoma of the breast was the provisional diagnosis or the diagnosis is unknown subcutaneous mastectomy and this can be avoided by biopsy of a lesion that mimics a malignant lesion. Follow up of patients is required to ensure the breast lesion has fully resolved. Adoption of the World Health organization guidelines for the prevention of Salmonella infection would help avoid the development of the infection. Urine culture, routine haematology and biochemistry blood tests as well as serology WIDAL tests and stool culture are some of the tests that tend to be undertaken in the investigation of the disease and in order to diagnose the disease a good history would be required including a history of travel from a non-typhoid endemic area to an endemic area. Conclusions: Salmonella breast abscess / mastitis is an uncommon disease which clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for. A history of previous enteric fever does help in suspecting the disease which at times does need to be distinguished from carcinoma of the breast. The diagnosis is confirmed by obtaining the culture results of the pus from the breast abscess / breast tissue. If all breast lesions are biopsied especially in cases of suspicion of a breast cancer and a past history of abdominal pain, diarrhoea and vomiting the results of the pathology examination of the specimen would negate malignancy and confirm an infection which would help in avoiding mastectomy procedures and enab","PeriodicalId":8525,"journal":{"name":"Applied Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87666580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research & Innovation for Sustainable Products: Polysaccarides for a smart circular economy at zero waste","authors":"P. Morganti","doi":"10.31579/2693-4779/037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2693-4779/037","url":null,"abstract":"Scientific Research and Innovation (R&I) may be considered respectively \"the spoken language and the written language of every culture\".The first is necessary to discover new lands,while the second results fundamental to build housed & roads and make food,necessary for an healthy living.At this purpose,the scientific research may be distinguished in 3 different phases: basic and experimental research,applied research and industrial research. Innovation comes from the basic research,while the applied research represents the bridge between the basic research and the industrial ones.","PeriodicalId":8525,"journal":{"name":"Applied Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88210931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basic elements from a communicative strategic for the smoking control","authors":"F. Hernández","doi":"10.31579/2693-4779/030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2693-4779/030","url":null,"abstract":"Background Societies where the public authorities had assumed a higher role respect to the smoking control had showed the benefits associated to the reduction from the smoking impact. For that it is necessary the designing of a communicative strategy focused on the public authorities to motive sufficiently them to be agreeing in the effective need about the smoking control. Objective. To describe the main elements considering the designing a communicative strategy for the smoking control. Materials and methods. Was made a descriptive research from the main elements considering the designing a communicative strategy for the smoking control. As teoric methods were utilized the analysis and synthesis, the inductive – deductive, the comparative and the historic – logic. As empiricmethod was utilized the bibliographic research. Results. The strategy must be flexible and must be supported in a continued cycle process to make the necessaries adjustments agree to obtain the main objective. This condition suggests that the strategy maker must demonstrate a diverse and strong professional formation. Conclusion. The designed communicative strategy for the smoking control must be capable to provide answers for the questions what communicate,why communicate, how to communicate and when communicate agree to the public authorities’ characteristic.","PeriodicalId":8525,"journal":{"name":"Applied Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83591187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Fever Attack in a Patient with PFAPA Syndrome","authors":"M. Engin","doi":"10.31579/2693-4779/032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2693-4779/032","url":null,"abstract":"Fever is a common symptom in childhood and primarily suggests infectious diseases. The syndrome of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis (PFAPA syndrome) is a periodic fever syndrome of unknown incidence and is not rare in childhood. In this case report, the management of a patient who was followed up for PFAPA syndrome during a fever attack is presented.","PeriodicalId":8525,"journal":{"name":"Applied Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74550452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capnocytophaga canimorsus Meningitis – Diagnosis with 16S rDNA PCR when Conventional Methods Failed to Identify the Causative Agent","authors":"A. Kumar","doi":"10.31579/2693-4779/025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2693-4779/025","url":null,"abstract":"Meningitis whether bacterial or viral, poses many challenges to clinicians as the causative agent is often not found. According to guidelines, it is standard to start empiric treatment before a Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) sample is obtained. Meningitis, if not diagnosed and treated early, can lead to high morbidity and mortality rates with serious neurological sequelae. While the most common cases of bacterial meningitis are related to Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis, this clinical case report found a rare case of meningitis caused by a zoonotic pathogen, Capnocytophaga canimorsus; a commensal found as part of the normal flora of dogs and cats. This rare organism was identified with the help of broad range 16S ribosomal DNA Polymerase Chain Reaction (rDNA PCR), an emerging technique that is now increasingly useful in rapid diagnosis especially if the offending agent is not timely identified and conventional methods have failed, making diagnosis and management difficult for physicians.","PeriodicalId":8525,"journal":{"name":"Applied Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs","volume":"144 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77558151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genetic abnormalities investigation of leukemia in past few decades","authors":"A. Rahnemoon","doi":"10.31579/2693-4779/040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2693-4779/040","url":null,"abstract":"Cytogenetic and molecular analysis of each patient’s leukemia cells has become an essential component of diagnosis prior to treatment. It has furthered our understanding of leukemogenesis at a molecular level. Specific and well-characterized recurring chromosomal abnormalities facilitate diagnosis, confirm subtype classification, and have major prognostic value for treatment planning. Conventional chromosome analysis is a basic way for diagnosis and treatment. In addition in this way evaluation of disease progression is important and so it is the only method that can identify the presence of clonal evolution, particularly in accelerated and relapse phase in the disease. Also conventional cytogenetic can detect chromosomal abnormality associated with its advanced phase. Anyhow, the value of translocation rates in interphase and metaphase nuclei in monitoring leukemia is at the time of diagnosis and after treatment additionally. Genomic profiling transformed our understanding of the genetic basis of leukemia particularly in acute leukemia, which is a malignant clonal proliferation in lymphoid stem cells or myeloid progenitor cells.","PeriodicalId":8525,"journal":{"name":"Applied Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76266068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospital at Home, an innovative approach for Elderly care during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Abu Bashar","doi":"10.31579/2693-4779/020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2693-4779/020","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected the elderly people (those aged 60 years or above as per the definition by the World Health Organization) who are found to have higher rates of infection and poorer health outcomes in this pandemic compared to other age groups [1,2]. Nevertheless, elderly adults, despite having a wide range of chronic illnesses, are experiencing critically inadequate access to care as healthcare organizations are emphasizing more on patients primarily affected by COVID-19 [3,4]. Furthermore, Elderly people remain most vulnerable in this pandemic as most of the nations do not have adequate preparedness to ensure acute and chronic geriatric care in public health emergencies.","PeriodicalId":8525,"journal":{"name":"Applied Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86867902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronopharmacology: A New Approach for Drug Delivery Schedules","authors":"P. Gupta","doi":"10.31579/2693-4779/022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2693-4779/022","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of biological clock has changed many established concepts and hypotheses in pharmacology and medicine. Diseases borne due to disturbances or deregulation of biological clock are set right only by setting the clock right. There are many natural and life style factors which deregulate the clock. Recently many chronotherapeutic drugs were discovered and tested this review throw light on such problems.","PeriodicalId":8525,"journal":{"name":"Applied Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs","volume":"894 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86019043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mighty Microbiota: Regulator of the Human Body","authors":"P. D. Gupta","doi":"10.31579/2693-4779/048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2693-4779/048","url":null,"abstract":"Microbiota is a life line for human being, however if the balance in interspecies of microbiota is disturb, it can cause not only serious diseases but can kill also. Collectively the microbiotal species act as epigenetic factor for humans. First exposure to microbiota is in utero. The whole health programming of the individuals stars even before birth. C-section or fed formula fed babies are immunologically weaker than that of normal delivered and beast fed babies. For the lifelong good health of babies, Mothers should opt for vaginal delivery and breastfeeding for healthy newborn","PeriodicalId":8525,"journal":{"name":"Applied Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74605544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dyslexia and Cerebral Dysfunction","authors":"T. Antonis","doi":"10.31579/2693-4779/070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2693-4779/070","url":null,"abstract":"Children with slow visual-motor responses to visual-temporal response tests also have brain dysfunctions in the mobile and motor areas (6, 4). If the left parietal cortex does not participate in these dysfunctions, then this child will also have difficulties in reading. Furthermore, we could say that the brain dysfunctions that are detected by visual-motor tests and that the performance in them is low, are accompanied by difficulties in reading. Aim: In this study we want to show the function of the child's brain in dyslexia. Method: We followed the most up-to-date literature on the subject: neuropsychology and dyslexia. Conclusions: brain organization and its relationship to dyslexia is a major problem for Neuropsychology and Neurolinguistics.","PeriodicalId":8525,"journal":{"name":"Applied Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85727414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}