Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Lipid Profile Abnormalities in Nephrotic Syndrome","authors":"E. Jc, P. Ck","doi":"10.15272/AJBPS.V6I54.802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15272/AJBPS.V6I54.802","url":null,"abstract":"Nephrotic syndrome is a set of indications that include protein in the urine, low blood protein levels, high cholesterol levels, high triglyceride levels, and swelling. Nephrotic syndrome is affected by changed disorders that damage the kidneys. This impairment leads to the release of too much protein in the urine. Hyperlipidemia is a common finding in nephrotic syndrome. There is increased total Cholesterol, LDL, VLDL and low or normal HDL. It has been noted that certain factors like diet, malnutrition, genetic traits etc., are known to alter the frequency and severity of lipid pattern. The Indian patient has a different dietary, constitutional and genetic background. An attempt was also made to correlate the degree of proteinuria and hypoproteinemia, with the rise in serum lipid values in cases of nephrotic syndrome. This is a Cross sectional study in which 30 Normal patients and 30 patients with nephrotic syndrome aged 25-65 years old. The Serum Protein & Serum lipid profiles of the admitted patients were evaluated. There was a significant increase in Total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDC & TG. There was significant decrease in Serum Total Protein, Serum Albumin & Serum globulin in Nephrotic patients when compared to Controls. The study finding conclude that the serum lipid profile shoed noticeable increase in the nephrotic syndrome in Indian patients. It also observed that nephrotic patients are having hyperlipidaemia. This hyperlipidaemia may progress in to the cardiovascular diseases. Hence the lipid profile in the nephrotic syndrome must be monitored for better management of the diseases.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"17-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88726055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, identification and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern analysis of Escherichia coli isolatedfrom clinical samples of Bangladesh","authors":"T. Akter, Hossain Mj, S. Khan, H. Sultana, K. Fatema, S. Sa, S. Datta","doi":"10.15272/AJBPS.V6I54.795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15272/AJBPS.V6I54.795","url":null,"abstract":"Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections of the world caused by mainly Escherichia coli. The purpose of this study was to identify E. coli as causative agent of UTI in patient of different age groups and to investigate their responses against commonly used antibiotics. Altogether, 480 urine samples were analyzed by culture method. The samples were equally streaked on Blood agar, MacConkey, and Eosin Methylene Blue Agar and then incubated at 37oC for 24 hours. After 24 hours of incubation, E. coli was identified on the basis of morphological characteristics of colony on culture media. For further confirmation of the presence of E. coli, Gram staining and conventional biochemical tests were also performed. Disk diffusion method was used for susceptibility testing against seventeen different antibiotics on Muller Hinton agar. Among the 480 urine samples, 81 samples were positive for E. coli. It was found that the females were more prone to UTI than males. The result of antibiotic sensitivity test on E. coli isolates demonstrated that they were highly sensitive to Amikacin, Gentamycin, Netilmycin, Imipenem, Meropenem, Pipracillin-Tazobactam, Tobramycin, Nitrofurantoin , Azithromycin, Levofloxacin, and Ciprofloxacin. E. coli was found intermediate sensitive to third-generation Cephalosporins such as Cefixime, Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone and least sensitive to Cotrimoxazole and Nalidixic acid. Thus, all antibiotics used in present study except Cotrimoxazole and Nalidixic acid, could be the choice for empirical treatment of UTI.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"61 1","pages":"13-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90996438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathological Study of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in North Indian Patients","authors":"Kumar Suneet","doi":"10.15272/AJBPS.V6I53.800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15272/AJBPS.V6I53.800","url":null,"abstract":"Abnormal uterine bleeding is the common presenting complains in the Gynaecology outpatient department in all age groups. Histopathological evaluation of the endometrial samples plays a significant role in the diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding. The study is planned to evaluate the pathological conditions in endometrium of the patients having abnormal uterine bleeding and its correlation with clinical condition. The 50 women’s having age from 20-60 history of abnormal uterine bleeding was studied. Endometrial tissue collected by sampling procedure such as Dilatation and Curettage (D&C),endometrial biopsies had been sent to the pathology lab for evaluation. The histopathological study of the endometrium showed Proliferative Endometrium as prominent histopathological pattern in 18 patients. Secretory Phase was seen in 12 womens, Endometrial Hyperplasia is seen in 8, Menstrual Phase observed in 3 patients. Atrophic Endometrium was followed in 7 patients followed by Endometrial Metaplasia in 2 patients.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75488604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathological Study of Nephrotic Syndrome in North Indian Patients","authors":"Kumar Suneet","doi":"10.15272/ajbps.v6i53.799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15272/ajbps.v6i53.799","url":null,"abstract":"Nephrotic syndrome is commonest renal diseases in developing country. The nephrotic syndrome is a clinical syndrome complex characterized by a number of renal and extra renal features, the most prominent of which are proteinuria >3.5g/1.73m3/24 h (in practice >3.0-3.5 g/24 h), hyperlipidemia, lipiduria, and hyper coaguability. The present study was planned in North Indian Hospital. The total 20 patients referred to Out-Patient Department (OPD) and in-patient department (IPD). All the patients were subjected to renal biopsy. The Swelling of feet and puffiness of face is found in about 8 patients out of 20. Weakness, loss of appetite, and generalized bodyache is seen in 4 patients. Distension of abdomen and difficulty in breathing is observed in 3 patients. Pallor and dizziness is seen in 2 cases and Decreased urinary volume is observed in 3 patients. The most common primary glomerular diseases causing nephrotic syndrome in children and adults are minimal change diseases and membranous glomerulonephritis, respectively.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89079371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Uterine Abnormalities by Sonography","authors":"A. Mandal","doi":"10.15272/AJBPS.V6I53.786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15272/AJBPS.V6I53.786","url":null,"abstract":"A uterine malformation is a type of female genital malformation resulting from an abnormal development of the Mullerian duct(s) during embryogenesis. Symptoms range from amenorrhea, infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, and pain, to normal functioning depending on the nature of the defect.Study was conducted for about the 12 month. In this duration the subjects between the age group of 18-48 years females were studied. The patients with pregnancy and having previous history of Hysterectomy was not considered for the study. Sampling technique adapted for the study as Complete Enumeration Method, Ultrasonography images are collected from radiology department, these images evaluated and subjected to statistical data analysis and results were analysed.From the data in the 10 females congenital abnormalities were observed. In 5 females Arcuate uteri was seen. Bicornuate was seen in 3 Female and Agenesis is observed in 2 Females. When examining the various types of a uterine anomaly, the most common finding was bicornuate uterus; the second most common was septate uterus. In current study most common uterine abnormality is arcuate uterus. Keywords: Uterine Abnormalities, Mullerian agenesis, Sonographic, Assessment.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"66 1","pages":"27-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90452984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis of Pleural & Lung Diseases using Sonography","authors":"A. Mandal","doi":"10.15272/AJBPS.V6I53.787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15272/AJBPS.V6I53.787","url":null,"abstract":"Sonography has been proved to be valuable for the evaluation of a wide variety of chest diseases, particularly when the pleural cavity is involved. The advantages of Sonography are that it is a relatively inexpensive, widely available, mobile form of multi-planar imaging free from ionizing.The 30 patients who had visited the Out-Patient Department (OPD) and in-patient department (IPD) of a hospital in North India were considered in the study. All patients were undergone radiologically then as per the requirements the skiagram were taken.Various biochemical and histopathological tests were done wherever required. After this, the patients were examined by ultrasound and areas to be examined were selected on the basis of information available from skiagrams.The data from the Radiography and the sonography showed that the Radiological results are better than detected in the Sonography. Keywords: Pleural & Lung Diseases, Sonography, Radiograph etc.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"30-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80353075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental Caries: A Review","authors":"K. Yadav, S. Prakash","doi":"10.15272/AJBPS.V6I53.773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15272/AJBPS.V6I53.773","url":null,"abstract":"Dental caries, a chronic disease is unique among human and is one of the most common important global oral health problems in the world today. It is the destruction of dental hard acellular tissue by acidic by-products from the bacterial fermentation of dietary carbohydrates especially sucrose. It progresses slowly in most of the people which results from an ecological imbalance in the equilibrium between tooth minerals and oral biofilms which is characterised by microbial activity, resulting in fluctuations in plaque pH due to bacterial acid production, buffering action from saliva and the surrounding tooth structure. The microbial community of caries is diverse and contains many facultatively and obligately-anaerobic bacteria. S. mutans is the most primary associated with it. Dental caries can affect the human in various ways i.e. presence of tooth pain, infection or dysfunction of the stomatognathic system can limit the necessary ingestion of energetic foods, affecting the growth in children and adults as well as their learning, communication skills and recreational activities. Moreover, oral and pharyngeal cancers and oral tissue lesions are also significant health concern. Cavernous sinus thrombosis and Ludwig angina can be life-threatening. Due to this, treatment is needed for dental diseases which cost is normally high and is not feasible for all community due to limited resources such as time, person and money. Therefore, prevention is more affordable. Personal hygiene cares and dietary modification should be recommended.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"111 3S 1","pages":"01-07"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74922872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization and validation of RP-HPLC method for the estimation of meloxicam andparacetamol with its genotoxic impurity (p-amino phenol) in bulk and pharmaceutical drugproduct using PDA detector","authors":"Soni Lk, J. Sanjay","doi":"10.15272/AJBPS.V6I53.770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15272/AJBPS.V6I53.770","url":null,"abstract":"A simple, accurate, precise, reproducible RP-HPLC method has been developed for simultaneous estimation of meloxicam and paracetamol with its genotoxic impurity (p-amino phenol) in bulk and combined dosage form (tablet). The method was validated in compliance with ICH guidelines[1-2]. The LC separation was achieved on Lichrospher RP-18e (250X4.6mm), 5μm column at 285 nm in isocratic mode using mobile phase composition Methanol: Phosphate buffer (80:20 v/v), pH adjusted to 2.6 by orthophsphoric acid. Flow rate employed was 1.0 ml/min. The retention time for paracetamol, meloxicam and p-amino phenol were found to be 2.28, 3.14 and 6.09 minutes respectively. Linearity ranges were suitable for routine determination(10-120 μg/ml, 1-20 μg/ml 1-10μg/ml) of Paracetamol, Meloxicam and p-Amino phenol with correlation coefficient of 0.9991, 0.9992 and 0.9990 respectively. The % recoveries were in the range of 99.8 ±0.14 for paracetamol, 99.50± 0.52 for meloxicam and 99.4±0.68 for p-amino phenol impurity with relative standard deviation(RSD) less than 2. The LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.1692 and 0.5073 for Meloxicam, 0.2669 and 0.8007 for Paracetamol, 0.1040 and 0.3120 for p-amino phenol respectively. The proposed method is successfully appplied for the quantification of paracetamol, meloxicam and p-amino phenol impurity in bulk and formulations.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82360150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of Stability Indicating RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Ramipril, Aspirin and Simvastatin in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form","authors":"Mohan Gandhi Bonthu","doi":"10.15272/AJBPS.V6I53.771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15272/AJBPS.V6I53.771","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of present work was to develop and validate a simple, fast, precise, selective and accurate RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous determination Ramipril(RAM), Aspirin (ASP) and Simvastatin (SIM) in a Pharmaceutical dosage form. Materials and Methods: The separation of these three drugs was achieved on a SHISHEDO C 18 , 250×4.6mm, 5 micron size column with a mobile phase consisting of 0.5% Ortho phosphoric acid :ACN:Methanol(20:10:70 v/v)  at a flow rate of 1ml/min and UV detection at 226nm. Results: The retention times were observed to be 2.1, 2.7 and 9.6 minutes for Ramipril (RAM), Aspirin (ASP) and Simvastatin (SIM) respectively. Linearity was found to be 5-15μg/ml, 50-150μg/ml, 20-60μg/ml for Ramipril(RAM), Aspirin(ASP)and Simvastatin(SIM) respectively. The method was statistically validated for linearity, recovery, limit of detection, limit of quantification, accuracy and precision. The stress testing of the drugs individually and their mixture is carried out under acidic, alkaline, oxidation, photo-stability and thermal degradation conditions and its degradation products are well resolved from the analyte peaks Conclusion: This method was successfully validated for accuracy, precision, and linearity, limit of detection and limit of quantification. Keywords: Ramipril(RAM), Aspirin (ASP) Simvastatin (SIM)reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72646584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical screening and in-vitro evaluation of Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Pistia stratiotes extracts","authors":"D. Adeyemi, O. Shonekan","doi":"10.15272/AJBPS.V6I53.781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15272/AJBPS.V6I53.781","url":null,"abstract":"Medicinal plants have been identified and used throughout human history and many of the pharmaceuticals currently available to physicians have a long history of use as herbal remedies A large number of trado-medical uses were attributed to the Pistia stratiotes particularly the leaves. The root was applied as emollient and diuretic, while leaves infusions have been used for treatment of dropsy, kidney afflictions, dysentery, anaemia, eczema, leprosy, piles and syphilis and when boiled in coconut oil was applied externally in chronic skin infections. Current study was aimed at investigating the phytochemicals and antioxidant activities of methanol and n-hexane extracts of the leaves of Pistia stratiotes. Antioxidant activity was determined by spectrophotometric at 517 nm using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical mechanism with Vitamin C as reference standard. Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, steroids, reducing sugars, glycosides, deoxy sugars, resins and saponins. However, anthraquinones and volatile oils were not detected, while detection of phenolic compounds in extracts was confirmed by the positive test for flavonoids. From calibration curves, linearity of absorbance and % inhibition with concentration of Vitamin C was 0.9687 and 0.9685 respectively. Also, the linearity of absorbance with concentration of methanol and n-hexane extracts was 0.9528 and 0.9263 respectively. Also the linear correlation between the % inhibition and concentrations of methanol and n-hexane extracts were 0.9554 and 0.9520 respectively. In this study, hexane shows a better antioxidant activity (32.5-53.1%) than methanol extracts (31.5-43.4%) at 20-200μg/ml. Optimum inhibition of n-hexane extract (60.3%) was lower when compared to Vitamin C (93.4 %) at 300.0μg/ml. The IC50 for methanol and n-hexane extracts were 203.1 and 155.7μg/ml respectively, indicating a moderate antioxidant activity when compared to Vitamin C (13.9μg/ml). The results of this study confirms that the aquatic plant contain some natural compounds that could be used as antioxidants.","PeriodicalId":8517,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"08-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84004991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}