Journal of social development in Africa最新文献_第6页

Introduction: socioeconomic development in Botswana 引言:博茨瓦纳的社会经济发展

Journal of social development in Africa Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/JSDA.V26I1.68498

L. Mafela, T. Maundeni, G. Mookodi

引用次数: 3

Impact of the global economic crisis on social security systems in Africa 全球经济危机对非洲社会保障制度的影响

Journal of social development in Africa Pub Date : 2010-05-07 DOI: 10.4314/JSDA.V24I2.54275

L. Mpedi

{"title":"Impact of the global economic crisis on social security systems in Africa","authors":"L. Mpedi","doi":"10.4314/JSDA.V24I2.54275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JSDA.V24I2.54275","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article is to examine the impact and implications of the current economic crisis in Africa, with a particular emphasis on social security systems. The overall aim is to develop policy proposals and approaches on how best social security systems in Africa can alleviate the social impact of the current economic crisis on individuals and their families. The contribution argues that social security systems throughout Africa are under pressure due to the current global economic crisis. For that reason, social security interventions are urgently needed to deal with social risks induced by the economic downturn such as high levels of unemployment. In the context of Africa, this problem is compounded by factors which prevailed prior to the crisis, such as armed conflicts, natural disasters and disease. African social security systems need to respond to the present crisis as well as the social consequences of the aforementioned issues. A challenge for Africa is that in certain countries on the continent, there is a general lack of social security mechanisms. And where such mechanisms exist, often their scope of coverage is limited. African countries need to focus on turning the current crisis into an opportunity by reinforcing their social security systems where such systems exist or introducing systems where these are absent. KEYWORDS: Economic crisis, social security, Africa, social assistance, social insurance","PeriodicalId":85020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social development in Africa","volume":"24 1","pages":"123-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70555907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Oil and conflicts in the Niger Delta region, Nigeria: facing the facts 尼日利亚尼日尔三角洲地区的石油和冲突:面对事实

Journal of social development in Africa Pub Date : 2010-05-07 DOI: 10.4314/JSDA.V24I1.54262

N. Akpan, E. Akpabio

{"title":"Oil and conflicts in the Niger Delta region, Nigeria: facing the facts","authors":"N. Akpan, E. Akpabio","doi":"10.4314/JSDA.V24I1.54262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JSDA.V24I1.54262","url":null,"abstract":"THE NIGER DELTA Region of Nigeria is the storehouse of Nigeria’s crude oil, which accounts for approximately 90% of the country’s revenue, providing more than 90% of total exports. Despite this, the people remain poor, marginalized and restive. Resort to conflicts has been taken as the only way of expressing grievances in oil-rich communities in the region. The conflict situation has been cause for alarm since 1999 with kidnapping of oil company workers, bombing of oil facilities and confrontation with state law enforcement agents, being common occurrences. These happenings have had serious implications for the economy. The paper reports on the results of a study employed interviews, stakeholder meetings and consulted news reports to assess issues central to the persistent conflicts in the region. The results indicated that both the government of Nigeria and the oil multinationals have failed to recognize communities in the Niger Delta as the third stakeholder in the oil industry The relationship has been characterized by unfavorable state policies, politicking’ and lack of standard practices. The study thus noted that the government of Nigeria has not approached the question of the Niger Delta in an open manner, and hence it recommends that stakeholder participation/partnership predicated on transparency is a key to the solution of the Niger Delta problem. KEYWORDS: Oil exploitation. stakeholder relationship. conflicts. Niger Delta. Nigeria, multinationals","PeriodicalId":85020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social development in Africa","volume":"24 1","pages":"9-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70556027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Hospital social work practice in Botswana: Yesterday, today and tomorrow 博茨瓦纳医院社会工作实践:昨天、今天和明天

Journal of social development in Africa Pub Date : 2010-05-07 DOI: 10.4314/JSDA.V24I1.54266

T. Malinga, R. Mupedziswa

{"title":"Hospital social work practice in Botswana: Yesterday, today and tomorrow","authors":"T. Malinga, R. Mupedziswa","doi":"10.4314/JSDA.V24I1.54266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JSDA.V24I1.54266","url":null,"abstract":"Social work professionals play a key role in facilitating social welfare processes. The practice of social work in any given setting requires knowledge of human development and behaviour, of social, economic, and cultural institutions and the interaction of all these various factors. Social work practice occurs in various contexts, but essentially it happens in both primary and secondary settings. Primary settings are those public and private social welfare agencies where professional social workers are seen as the key players, given that they run or manage the settings. On the other hand, in secondary settings social work is not viewed as the core business. A hospital setting for instance, is ordinarily considered a secondary setting, essentially because the core business in such settings is treatment of patients suffering from various ailments, by medical personnel. In both primary and secondary settings, social work professionals often encounter enormous challenges, and these tend to be acute in developing countries in particular, due to resource constraints. This paper examines the challenges associated with social work practice in hospital settings in Botswana, and suggests ways of improving the practice environment to enhance the quality of service. KEYWORDS: Social work practice, Botswana, secondary setting, hospital, teamwork, challenges Social work practice, Botswana, secondary setting, hospital, teamwork, challenges","PeriodicalId":85020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social development in Africa","volume":"24 1","pages":"91-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70556077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Emerging Black commercial farmers in Sakhisizwe local municipality area of South Africa: obstacles and opportunities 南非Sakhisizwe地方自治市新兴黑人商业农民:障碍与机遇

Journal of social development in Africa Pub Date : 2010-05-07 DOI: 10.4314/JSDA.V24I2.54274

Christopher Phiri

{"title":"Emerging Black commercial farmers in Sakhisizwe local municipality area of South Africa: obstacles and opportunities","authors":"Christopher Phiri","doi":"10.4314/JSDA.V24I2.54274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JSDA.V24I2.54274","url":null,"abstract":"Recent political transformation in South Africa has laid the basis for significant socioeconomic change. This change has included the emergence of black commercial farmers. Through a case study of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa (Elliot commercial farming areas), the obstacles and opportunities facing emerging Black commercial farmers were examined. The objective of the paper is to examine the prospects and challenges faced by emerging black commercial farmers in the municipality of Sakhisizwe. To this end, the paper considers the circumstances of the emerging Black commercial farmers who benefited from the local government support facility rolled out under the land reform programme. The land reform programme for agricultural development sought to build a class of Black commercial farmers in an attempt to deracialise the agricultural sector and also achieve more comprehensive agrarian reform in rural South Africa. The study established that emerging black commercial farmers in Elliot were engaged in both crop farming and livestock farming. As the paper illustrates, considerable problems confront the agricultural sector. Measures need to be put in place to enhance the existing base and, more importantly, to encourage the participation of this group of farmers given that they had hitherto long been denied access to this primary means of production. The challenges faced by the emerging Black commercial farmers include lack of marketing opportunities, limited government support and poor networking. KEYWORDS : Emerging, black farmers, commercial, South Africa, agrarian reform, land","PeriodicalId":85020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social development in Africa","volume":"24 1","pages":"97-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70555819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Levels of ability and functioning of persons living with HIV and AIDS using the WHO DAS II in a South African context 在南非的背景下使用世卫组织第二版艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病患者的能力和功能水平

Journal of social development in Africa Pub Date : 2010-05-07 DOI: 10.4314/JSDA.V23I2.54256

K. Peltzer, N. Phaswana-Mafuya

{"title":"Levels of ability and functioning of persons living with HIV and AIDS using the WHO DAS II in a South African context","authors":"K. Peltzer, N. Phaswana-Mafuya","doi":"10.4314/JSDA.V23I2.54256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JSDA.V23I2.54256","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to explore the relationships between socio-demographic variables and the domains of ability and functioning of the World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Schedule. The sample was made up of 607 persons living with HIV (PLHIV) in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Convenience sampling was used to identify participants. The results indicate that 66% classified themselves as having AIDS, 48% indicated that they were on ART, and 35% reported that they were currently on disability grant. Specific disability domains’ most affected among PLHIV included household activities, participation in society and mobility. The disease variables of lower CD4 counts and higher frequency of HIV symptoms, were associated with overall disability, while AIDS diagnosis and being on ART were principally not associated with disability. Most socio-demographic variables including disability grant status, age and marital status were not associated with overall disability, while lower educational level and not having a flush toilet, were associated with higher overall disability. KEYWORDS: Levels of disability, WHODAS II, disease variables, socio-economic variables, persons living with HIV, South Africa","PeriodicalId":85020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social development in Africa","volume":"23 1","pages":"33-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70555932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Ending the poverty trap in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria 终结尼日利亚尼日尔三角洲地区的贫困陷阱

Journal of social development in Africa Pub Date : 2010-05-07 DOI: 10.4314/JSDA.V24I1.54264

Ibaba Samuel Ibaba, T. M. Ebiede

{"title":"Ending the poverty trap in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria","authors":"Ibaba Samuel Ibaba, T. M. Ebiede","doi":"10.4314/JSDA.V24I1.54264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JSDA.V24I1.54264","url":null,"abstract":"Nigeria is one of the most populous countries on the African continent. While the country is well-endowed in respect of natural resources, research has revealed a consistent increase in the incidence of poverty. The poverty level was 28.1 percent in 1980, 46.3 percent in 1985, 42.7 percent in 1992, 65.6 percent in 1996, and 54.4 percent in 2004. The trend shows no signs of abating. The country is divided into six geo-political zones, namely the South-West, South-East, South-South, North-West, North-East and North-Central. It is in the South-South zone that the Niger Delta region, which is the focus of this paper, is situated. The Niger Delta region is rich in terms of natural resources, including oil, and yet poverty is pervasive. This paper investigates the poverty trap in the Niger Delta region. The main focus is the determination of policy options that may enable people in the region to escape the poverty trap. The analysis shows that uncontrolled population growth and loss of capabilities are the fundamental causes of the poverty trap. Bad governance and corruption too were identified as major challenges to ending the poverty trap in the region. The suggested policy options are essentially hinged on population planning, development and capability development. KEYWORDS : poverty trap, Niger Delta, policy options, governance, corruption, Nigeria","PeriodicalId":85020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social development in Africa","volume":"24 1","pages":"65-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70556044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Democracy and the future of the Nigerian State 民主与尼日利亚国家的未来

Journal of social development in Africa Pub Date : 2010-05-07 DOI: 10.4314/JSDA.V24I1.54269

D. Gberevbie

引用次数: 6

Assessment of community empowerment and women involvement components in national Fadama 11 project in Ogun State, Nigeria 评估尼日利亚奥贡州国家Fadama 11项目的社区赋权和妇女参与内容

Journal of social development in Africa Pub Date : 2010-05-07 DOI: 10.4314/JSDA.V23I2.54259

S. Apantaku

{"title":"Assessment of community empowerment and women involvement components in national Fadama 11 project in Ogun State, Nigeria","authors":"S. Apantaku","doi":"10.4314/JSDA.V23I2.54259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JSDA.V23I2.54259","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to assess the level of community and women involvement and empowerment in the implementation of the second National Fadama Development Project (Fadama II or NFDP II) in Ogun State. A sample of 240 Fadama II beneficiaries (members) was selected using a combination of purposive and random sampling methods. Data were collected by a structured interview schedule and focus group discussions. The study concluded that: the NFDP II in Obafemi-Owode LGA has successfully achieved the community empowerment and women involvement components of community-driven development (CDD) approach in its implementation. Involvement of beneficiaries and especially women in the project is high and NFDP II has impacted on the level of income of members and contributed to community development. Constraints facing the participants include cumbersome bureaucracy and long delays in releasing funds, too frequent and long meetings and insect pests attack. Recommendations made include that annual awards should be given to both the best gender sensitive and best members-empowered (community empowerment) Fadama Community Association (FCA) and Fadama User Group (FUG) in the local government area, and also that the extension agents and subject matter specialists covering the area of study should make more concerted efforts to address the problem of insect pests attack. KEYWORDS: Community driven development, women involvement, empowerment, World Bank, fadama, community empowerment, involvement, participation","PeriodicalId":85020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social development in Africa","volume":"23 1","pages":"107-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70555980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Meeting the millennium development goals' targets: proposed UN global governance framework to confront challenges of the 21st century 实现千年发展目标:提出应对21世纪挑战的联合国全球治理框架

Journal of social development in Africa Pub Date : 2010-05-07 DOI: 10.4314/JSDA.V25I1.54282

J. Omona

{"title":"Meeting the millennium development goals' targets: proposed UN global governance framework to confront challenges of the 21st century","authors":"J. Omona","doi":"10.4314/JSDA.V25I1.54282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JSDA.V25I1.54282","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing on existing literature on governance and MDGs, the paper seeks to illuminate the dismal progress towards meeting the Millennium Development Goals’ (MDGs) targets, with almost two-thirds of the target period gone by, since the targets were set by 189 member states of the UN in 2000. The urge to meet the targets appears stronger today, as can evidently be noted by the concern world leaders continue to express in the face of increasing levels of poverty in many parts of the world. The paper identifies poor governance, characterized by weak governing institutions, poor leadership and undemocratic tendencies as the main causes of limited progress towards the achievement of the MDGs in developing countries. Sub-Saharan African countries, from where most examples are drawn, bear the brunt of this phenomenon of poor governance. The paper proposes a global governance framework under the mandate of the UN. It notes that, to avoid a repeat of past failures, there is need for a new UN Charter which empowers the world body, and effectively brings on board all independent states, as well as development partners such as the World Bank and the IMF. The paper concludes by noting that not until such a structure is adopted and implemented will the economic reform initiatives in developing countries have any meaningful impact in terms of elimination of poverty and all its attendant consequences. KEYWORDS: Millennium development goals (MDGs), globalization, governance, United Nations, Uganda","PeriodicalId":85020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social development in Africa","volume":"25 1","pages":"129-159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70556095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6