Journal of immune based therapies and vaccines最新文献

{"title":"Longitudinal changes in HIV-specific IFN-gamma secretion in subjects who received Remune vaccination prior to treatment interruption.","authors":"Kenneth H Huang,&nbsp;Marie-Pierre Boisvert,&nbsp;Famane Chung,&nbsp;Maude Loignon,&nbsp;Don Zarowny,&nbsp;Lise Cyr,&nbsp;Emil Toma,&nbsp;Nicole F Bernard","doi":"10.1186/1476-8518-4-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-8518-4-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the benefits of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for suppressing viral replication in HIV infection, virus persists and rebounds during treatment interruption (TI). This study explored whether HAART intensification with Remune vaccination before TI can boost HIV-1-specific immunity, leading to improved control of viremia off HAART.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten chronically HIV-infected adults were enrolled in this proof of concept study. After a 6-month HAART intensification phase with didanosine, hydroxyurea, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, (GM-CSF), and a first dose of Remune (HIV-1 Immunogen), HAART was discontinued. Patients continued to receive Remune every 3 months until the end of study. HAART was restarted if viral load did not fall below 50,000 copies/ml of plasma within 3 months or if CD4+ counts decreased to <200 cells/mm3. HIV-specific immunity was monitored with the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) ELISPOT assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All subjects experienced viral rebound during TIs. Although the magnitude and breadth of HIV-specific responses to HLA-restricted optimal peptide panels and Gag p55 peptide pools increased and viral load decreased by 0.44 log10 units from TI#1 to TI#2, no significant correlations between these parameters were observed. The patients spent 50.4% of their 36 months follow up off HAART.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Stopping HAART in this vaccinated population induced immune responses that persisted after therapy was restarted. Induction of HIV-specific immunity beyond IFN-gamma secretion may be contributing to better control of viremia during subsequent TIs allowing for long periods off HAART.</p>","PeriodicalId":84998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immune based therapies and vaccines","volume":"4 ","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/1476-8518-4-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26411376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Phytol-based novel adjuvants in vaccine formulation: 1. assessment of safety and efficacy during stimulation of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses","authors":"So-Yon Lim, Matt Meyer, R. A. Kjonaas, S. Ghosh","doi":"10.1186/1476-8518-5-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-8518-5-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":84998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immune based therapies and vaccines","volume":"5 1","pages":"3 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/1476-8518-5-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65698999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of humoral immune response to oral BCG vaccination by Mycobacterium bovis BCG Moreau Rio de Janeiro (RDJ) in healthy adults.","authors":"Renata Monteiro-Maia,&nbsp;Maria B Ortigão-de-Sampaio,&nbsp;Rosa T Pinho,&nbsp;Luiz R R Castello-Branco","doi":"10.1186/1476-8518-4-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-8518-4-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oral administration of BCG was the route initially used by Calmette and Guérin, but was replaced by intradermal administration in virtually all countries after the Lubeck accident. However, Brazil continued to administer oral BCG Moreau RDJ, which was maintained until the mid-1970s when it was substituted by the intradermal route. Although BCG vaccination has been used in humans since 1921, little is known of the induced immune response. The aim of this study was to analyse immunological responses after oral vaccination with M. bovis BCG Moreau RDJ.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study in healthy volunteers has measured cellular and humoral aspects of the immunological response to oral M. bovis BCG Moreau RDJ in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. T-cell trafficking and Th1 and Th2 cytokine responses are described, as well as isotype-specific antibody production using novel techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Oral immunisation has no adverse effects. We have shown that there are cellular and humoral immunological responses after oral immunisation. Oral revaccination does not induce a positive skin test in responsive individuals and multiple booster orally was able to induce modulation in humoral immunological responses (switch from IgG to IgA) in previously immunised subjects and incapable of inducing tolerance. In contrast, the cellular immune response does not differ between vaccinated individuals with positive and negative skin test reactions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All subjects, including those who did not respond to the skin test at study commencement, were capable of mounting humoral and cellular immune response to the antigens tested.</p>","PeriodicalId":84998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immune based therapies and vaccines","volume":"4 ","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/1476-8518-4-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26297977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Levamizole enhances immune responsiveness to intra-dermal and intra-muscular hepatitis B vaccination in chronic hemodialysis patients.","authors":"Hassan Argani,&nbsp;Ebrahim Akhtarishojaie","doi":"10.1186/1476-8518-4-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-8518-4-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hemodialysis patient are at high risk for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Although preventive vaccination is done routinely, the response to vaccination is low in this patient population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Levamizol, an enhancer of the immune responsiveness, on different routes of vaccination, i.e., intradermal (i.d.) versus intramuscular (i.m.), in stable chronic hemodialysis patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty four chronic hemodialyses patient were divided into four equal groups. The first group was received 40 microg HB vaccine intramuscularly. The second group was received 20 microg HB vaccine intradermally. The third and the fourth group received 20 microg vaccine i.m. or i.d., respectively, in three doses plus oral Levamisole (100 mg for 12 day). After one and six months from the last dose of vaccine, HBs antibody titers were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The response rate to vaccine (HBs Antibody>10 microg/L) in the routine i.m. HB vaccination was low (60%). It increased to 70% with i.d. route. Levamisole significantly raised the response rate to 90% (P < 0.01). Also in the Levamisole groups protective HB antibody titers were maintained until the end of six months. We conclude that HD patients must be vaccinated by i.d. route and addition of Levamisole. Levamisole also increases antibody maintenance.</p>","PeriodicalId":84998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immune based therapies and vaccines","volume":"4 ","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/1476-8518-4-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26053945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The significance of glucose, insulin and potassium for immunology and oncology: a new model of immunity.","authors":"Albert F Hill,&nbsp;William J Polvino,&nbsp;Darcy B Wilson","doi":"10.1186/1476-8518-3-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-8518-3-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A recent development in critical care medicine makes it urgent that research into the effect of hormones on immunity be pursued aggressively. Studies have demonstrated a large reduction in mortality as a result of infusion with glucose, insulin and potassium. Our work in the oncology setting has led us to propose that the principal reason for such an effect is that GIK stimulates lymphocytes to proliferate and attack pathogens, sparing the patient the stress of infection. That suggestion is based on a new model of immunity that describes the effect of hormones on lymphocytes. We hypothesized that the application of glucose, insulin, thyroid and potassium would awaken inert tumor infiltrating lymphocytes to destroy the tumor.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The antitumor effect of a thyroxine, glucose, insulin, and potassium (TGIK) combination was studied in a series of controlled experiments in murine models of tumor progression to assess the biologic activity of the formulation, the effect of route of administration, the effect on tumor type, and the requirement for insulin in the TGIK formulation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Melanoma and colon tumors inoculated with TGIK were significantly reduced in size or retarded in growth compared to controls injected with saline. I.P. and I.M. injections showed that the formulation had no effect systemically at the doses administered.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We conclude that TGIK has anti-tumor activity when administered intratumorally, probably by stimulating lymphocytes to attack tumors. This is similar to the effect of GIK on reducing sepsis in critical care patients. We suggest that when GIK is administered exogenously, it restores immune competence to the critically ill or cancer patient and causes destruction of pathogens or tumors, while endogenous resources are devoted to repair. This implies that hormonal therapy may be useful in treating various other pathologies involving immune suppression, as well as malignancies. We also propose research that could bring resolution of the controversy over mechanism and point the way to new therapeutic strategies for numerous diseases including chronic infections and auto-immune diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":84998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immune based therapies and vaccines","volume":"3 ","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/1476-8518-3-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25258502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid construction of a dendritic cell vaccine through physical perturbation and apoptotic malignant T cell loading.","authors":"Maria Salskov-Iversen,&nbsp;Carole L Berger,&nbsp;Richard L Edelson","doi":"10.1186/1476-8518-3-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/1476-8518-3-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have demonstrated that adherence and release of monocytes from a plastic surface drives their differentiation into immature dendritic cells (DC,) that can mature further during overnight incubation in the presence of apoptotic malignant T cells. Based on these results, we sought to develop a clinically, practical, rapid means for producing DC loaded with malignant cells. A leukapheresis harvest containing the clonal, leukemic expansion of malignant CD4+ T cells was obtained from the blood of patients with cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL). CTCL cells were purified with a CD3-magnetic bead column where CD3 engagement rendered the malignant T cells apoptotic. The monocyte fraction was simultaneously activated by column passage, re-added to the apoptotic CTCL cells and co-cultured overnight. CTCL cell apoptosis, DC differentiation and apoptotic malignant T cell ingestion were measured by immunostaining. The results demonstrate that as monocytes passed through the column matrix, they became activated and differentiated into semi-mature DC expressing significantly increased levels of class II, CD83 and CD86 (markers associated with maturing DC) and reduced expression of the monocyte markers CD14 and CD36. Apoptotic malignant T cells were avidly engulfed by the phagocytic transitioning DC. The addition of supportive cytokines further enhanced the number of DC that contained apoptotic malignant T cells. Functional studies confirmed that column passaged DC increased class II expression as shown by significantly enhanced stimulation in mixed leukocyte culture compared to control monocytes. In addition, DC loaded with apoptotic CTCL cells stimulated an increase in the percentage and absolute number of CD8 T cells compared to co-cultivation with non-loaded DC. After CD8 T cells were stimulated by DC loaded with malignant cells, they mediated increased apoptosis of residual CTCL cells and TNF-alpha secretion indicating development of enhanced cytolytic function. We report a simple one-step procedure where maturing DC containing apoptotic malignant T cells can be prepared rapidly for potential use in vaccine immunotherapy. Ready access to both the DC and apoptotic cells provided by this system will allow extension to other malignancies through the addition of a variety of apoptotic tumor cells and maturation stimuli.</p>","PeriodicalId":84998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immune based therapies and vaccines","volume":"3 ","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/1476-8518-3-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24908969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as an immune-based therapy in HIV infection.","authors":"Pierre Antoine Brown,&nbsp;Jonathan B Angel","doi":"10.1186/1476-8518-3-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-8518-3-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The HIV/AIDS epidemic continues to spread despite more than 20 years of significant research and major advances in its treatment. The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy in recent years has significantly improved disease treatment with a dramatic impact in HIV/AIDS associated morbidity and mortality in countries which have access to this therapy. Despite these advances, such therapies are imperfect and other therapeutic modalities, including immune-based therapies, are being actively sought. Potential benefits of immune-based therapies include: 1) the improvement of HIV-specific immunity to enhance control of viral replication, 2) the improvement of other aspects of host immunity in order to prevent or delay the development of opportunistic infections and 3) the potential to purge virus from cellular reservoirs which are sustained despite the effects of potent antiretroviral therapy. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been studied as one of these immune-based therapies. Several randomized, controlled trials have demonstrated benefits of using GM-CSF as an adjunct to conventional anti-retroviral therapy, although such benefits have not been universally observed. Individual studies have shown that GM-CSF increases CD4+ T cells counts and may be associated with decreased plasma HIV RNA levels. There is limited evidence that GM-CSF may help prevent the emergence of antiretroviral drug resistant viruses and that it may decrease the risk of infection in advanced HIV disease. Despite its high costs and the need to be administered subcutaneously, encouraging results continue to emerge from further studies, suggesting that GM-CSF has the potential to become an effective agent in the treatment of HIV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":84998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immune based therapies and vaccines","volume":"3 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/1476-8518-3-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25118945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetics and isotype profile of antibody responses in rhesus macaques induced following vaccination with HPV 6, 11, 16 and 18 L1-virus-like particles formulated with or without Merck aluminum adjuvant.","authors":"Wanda Ruiz,&nbsp;William L McClements,&nbsp;Kathrin U Jansen,&nbsp;Mark T Esser","doi":"10.1186/1476-8518-3-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-8518-3-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are the most common sexually transmitted viruses. Infection of the cervical epithelium by HPVs can lead to the development of cervical cancer. Recent advances in vaccine research have shown that immunization with papillomavirus-like particles (VLPs) containing the major structural viral protein, L1 from HPV 16 can provide protection from the establishment of a chronic HPV 16 infection and related cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in baseline HPV 16 naive women. METHODS: To better understand the quantitative and qualitative effects of aluminum adjuvant on the immunogenic properties of an HPV 6, 11, 16 and 18L1 VLP vaccine, we used an HPV-specific, antibody isotyping assay and a competitive immunoassay that measures antibodies to neutralizing epitopes to profile sera from rhesus macaques immunized with the HPV L1 VLP vaccine formulated with or without aluminum adjuvant. RESULTS: Immunization with VLPs formulated with the aluminum adjuvant elicited a significantly stronger immune response with higher peak antibody titers both at four weeks post vaccination (12.7 to 41.9-fold higher) as well as in the persistent phase at week 52 (4.3 to 26.7-fold higher) than that of VLPs alone. Furthermore, the aluminum adjuvant formulated HPV VLP vaccine elicited a predominantly T helper type 2 response, with high levels of IgG1 and IgG4 and low levels of IgG2. The vaccine also elicited high levels of serum IgA, which may be important in providing mucosal immunity to impart protection in the anogenital tract. CONCLUSION: These results show that the HPV 6, 11, 16 and 18 L1-VLP vaccine formulated with Merck aluminum adjuvant elicits a robust and durable immune response and holds promise as a vaccine for preventing cervical cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":84998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immune based therapies and vaccines","volume":"3 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/1476-8518-3-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25067894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BCG vaccination at three different age groups: response and effectiveness.","authors":"George Briassoulis,&nbsp;Irene Karabatsou,&nbsp;Vasilis Gogoglou,&nbsp;Athina Tsorva","doi":"10.1186/1476-8518-3-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/1476-8518-3-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: The protection, which some BCG vaccines could confer against the development of tuberculosis (TB) in childhood, might be indirectly reflected by the subsequent development of BCG immune response. The objectives of the study were to examine effectiveness and possible differences of post-vaccination reaction to a lyophilized BCG at different age groups and to evaluate its protection against TB in a decade's period. METHODS: We studied the post-vaccination PPD-skin reaction and scar formation at three different school levels, corresponding to ages of 6, 12 and 15 years old, vaccinated by a lyophilized BCG vaccine (Pasteur Institute), currently used in our country. During a 10-year follow up the reported TB cases in vaccinated and non-vaccinated adolescences up to 24-years old were analyzed and compared to the number of cumulative cases observed in the adult population of two neighboring territories (vaccinated and non-vaccinated). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: There was a significant correlation (r2 = 0.87, p < 0.0001) between tuberculin induration and scar formation. There was no statistically significant difference between the three age groups (6, 12, and 15 year-old, respectively) in regard to the diameter of tuberculin induration or scar formation. Although 34% of 10-year later indurations were unpredictably related to the initial ones (increased or decreased), they were significantly correlated (r2 = 0.45, p = 0.009). The relative percentage of TB for the 14-24 years-age group to the adult studied population was significantly lower among the immunized children compared to the non-immunized population of the same age group (17/77, 22% vs. 71/101, 70%, p < .0001). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the lyophilized BCG vaccine used for BCG programs at different age groups is equally effective and may confer satisfactory protection against tuberculosis in puberty.</p>","PeriodicalId":84998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immune based therapies and vaccines","volume":"3 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/1476-8518-3-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25206910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antigenized antibodies expressing Vbeta8.2 TCR peptides immunize against rat experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.","authors":"Cristina Musselli,&nbsp;Svetlana Daverio-Zanetti,&nbsp;Maurizio Zanetti","doi":"10.1186/1476-8518-2-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-8518-2-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Immunity against the T cell receptor (TCR) is considered to play a central role in the regulation of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model system of autoimmune disease characterized by a restricted usage of TCR genes. Methods of specific vaccination against the TCR of pathogenetic T cells have included attenuated T cells and synthetic peptides from the sequence of the TCR. These approaches have led to the concept that anti-idiotypic immunity against antigenic sites of the TCR, which are a key regulatory element in this disease. METHODS: The present study in the Lewis rat used a conventional idiotypic immunization based on antigenized antibodies expressing selected peptide sequences of the Vbeta8.2 TCR (93ASSDSSNTE101 and 39DMGHGLRLIHYSYDVNSTEKG59). RESULTS: The study demonstrates that vaccination with antigenized antibodies markedly attenuates, and in some instances, prevents clinical EAE induced with the encephalitogenic peptide 68GSLPQKSQRSQDENPVVHF88 in complete Freunds' adjuvant (CFA). Antigenized antibodies induced an anti-idiotypic response against the Vbeta8.2 TCR, which was detected by ELISA and flowcytometry. No evidence was obtained of a T cell response against the corresponding Vbeta8.2 TCR peptides. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that antigenized antibodies expressing conformationally-constrained TCR peptides are a simple means to induce humoral anti-idiotypic immunity against the TCR and to vaccinate against EAE. The study also suggests the possibility to target idiotypic determinants of TCR borne on pathogenetic T cells to vaccinate against disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":84998,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immune based therapies and vaccines","volume":"2 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/1476-8518-2-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24809949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}