International journal of mass emergencies and disasters最新文献_第7页

Chapter 7: Medical Service Trips and Humanitarian Response in Global Health 第七章:全球卫生中的医疗服务旅行和人道主义反应

International journal of mass emergencies and disasters Pub Date : 2021-01-11 DOI: 10.21019/9781582123714.ch7

S. Connor, Lauren J. Jonkman, Hoai-An Truong

引用次数: 0

Chapter 1: Public Health Preparedness and Response: Overview of Disasters and Emergencies 第一章:公共卫生准备和应对:灾害和紧急情况概述

International journal of mass emergencies and disasters Pub Date : 2021-01-11 DOI: 10.21019/9781582123714.ch1

Trina von Waldner, Don Taylor, Hoai-An Truong

引用次数: 0

Chapter 3: Education and Training Resources for Pharmacy Professionals 第三章:药学专业人员的教育和培训资源

International journal of mass emergencies and disasters Pub Date : 2021-01-11 DOI: 10.21019/9781582123714.ch3

Trina von Waldner, Phil Cogan, S. Normann

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Chapter 8: Communication and Telehealth Applications 第8章:通信和远程保健应用

International journal of mass emergencies and disasters Pub Date : 2021-01-11 DOI: 10.21019/9781582123714.ch8

J. Bingham, N. D. Mager, Ashokkumar Ramalingam

引用次数: 0

Balancing Mechanistic and Organic Design Elements: The Design and Implementation of the Incident Command System (ICS) 平衡机制与有机设计要素:突发事件指挥系统(ICS)的设计与实现

International journal of mass emergencies and disasters Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/028072702003800301

R. Chang, J. Trainor

{"title":"Balancing Mechanistic and Organic Design Elements: The Design and Implementation of the Incident Command System (ICS)","authors":"R. Chang, J. Trainor","doi":"10.1177/028072702003800301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/028072702003800301","url":null,"abstract":"The Incident Command System (ICS), since its establishment in the 1980s, has been repeatedly discussed with the focuses on its pros and cons. These discussions are related to the benefits and limitations of using a mechanistic system. ICS proponents like its mechanistic design elements to command and control all responders. ICS critics, however, regard ICS mechanistic elements as hurdles to managing disaster response activities, and thus, they propose using more organic elements to design a new response system. Organizational theorists say the two types of systems are not dichotomous. It is possible the ICS has some organic design elements, and thus, cannot be treated as a pure command and control system. This research aims to explore to what degree the ICS is organic versus mechanistic. The researchers will present their analyses of two official ICS documents and three ICS online training courses, which indicates the ICS possesses both organic and mechanistic features. Results of the content analysis also demonstrate some limitations of using the ICS and show why there are so many different viewpoints toward this system.","PeriodicalId":84928,"journal":{"name":"International journal of mass emergencies and disasters","volume":"31 1","pages":"241 - 267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85482335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Disaster resilience of traditional societies from Small Island Developing States: The 2015 tropical cyclone Pam in Vanuatu 小岛屿发展中国家传统社会的抗灾能力:2015年瓦努阿图热带气旋帕姆

International journal of mass emergencies and disasters Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/028072702003800305

L. Dé, S. Defossez, F. Leone

{"title":"Disaster resilience of traditional societies from Small Island Developing States: The 2015 tropical cyclone Pam in Vanuatu","authors":"L. Dé, S. Defossez, F. Leone","doi":"10.1177/028072702003800305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/028072702003800305","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the resilience of traditional societies from Small Island Developing States in the face of disaster. It focuses on tropical cyclone Pam that impacted Vanuatu in 2015. Drawing upon focus group discussions using participatory tools in disaster-affected villages between 2015 and 2017, it examines both the recovery challenges faced and mechanisms developed by traditional societies from Tanna Island post-disaster. The study emphasizes that traditional societies’ resilience goes beyond absorbing and recovering from a large event but also relates to recurrent small-scale hazards. The paper further highlights traditional societies’ capacities in the face of disaster and stresses the need to strengthen or reintroduce traditional practices while supporting newly adopted mechanisms such as transnational kinship networks and remittances. It also points out the role of external aid intervention post-disaster that, if top-down and delivered disproportionally can compete with local initiatives and have negative effects on traditional societies’ resilience. The paper concludes that traditional societies should themselves define and assess their own resilience and ways to strengthen it.","PeriodicalId":84928,"journal":{"name":"International journal of mass emergencies and disasters","volume":"39 1","pages":"373 - 397"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74905594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sense-making in a Simulated Emergency Operations Centre 模拟紧急行动中心的意义分析

International journal of mass emergencies and disasters Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/028072702003800302

L. M. Ward, L. Yumagulova, Zoë Greig, Manvir Taunk, I. Vertinsky

{"title":"Sense-making in a Simulated Emergency Operations Centre","authors":"L. M. Ward, L. Yumagulova, Zoë Greig, Manvir Taunk, I. Vertinsky","doi":"10.1177/028072702003800302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/028072702003800302","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports the results of a laboratory experiment in decision-making in an Emergency Operations Centre (EOC) during a crisis. It adapted a validated simulation of a severe winter storm in a fictional city in Canada, during which a variety of serious events caused major disruptions, including loss of life. Participants were naïve individuals, as the focus was on sense-making in unfamiliar dynamic and uncertain environments and situations requiring urgent responses (i.e., conditions that occur during crises). The objective was to assess the impacts of enactment on the retention of memory of recent experiences. The enactment was theorized as the basis for sense-making processes where taking an action is guided by learning through acting. In contrast, predictions based on a simple model, the Zeigarnik effect, indicate the depletion of memory for completed actions, thus indicating their perverse effects on the capacity to learn. This experiment showed that participants in our simulation who played the role of passive observers of EOC activities during a severe storm remembered more of the events than did participants who played the role of trainees in the EOC who had to act on requests for information and decisions. Other results pointed to the conclusion that the role played by participants in the EOC significantly affected which events they remembered, their mood, and their priorities in the EOC. These results imply that having non-acting observers present in the EOC might be a way to better preserve organizational memory.","PeriodicalId":84928,"journal":{"name":"International journal of mass emergencies and disasters","volume":"82 1","pages":"268 - 307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77659285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unraveling the Social Construction of a Flooding Disaster: A Threaded Situation Analysis Approach 揭示洪涝灾害的社会建构:一种线索情境分析方法

International journal of mass emergencies and disasters Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/028072702003800303

E. Bogdan, Ken J. Caine, M. Beckie

{"title":"Unraveling the Social Construction of a Flooding Disaster: A Threaded Situation Analysis Approach","authors":"E. Bogdan, Ken J. Caine, M. Beckie","doi":"10.1177/028072702003800303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/028072702003800303","url":null,"abstract":"Studies of, and solutions to, flooding have tended to focus on scientific and technical approaches to what is viewed as a “natural” disaster. A social constructivist perspective, on the other hand, argues that disasters, such as flooding, are a consequence of decisions and activities that impact nature; therefore, understanding and changing social practices is critical to reducing risk. We conducted a case study of the social construction of flooding in the Town of High River, the community most impacted by the 2013 floods in the province of Alberta, Canada. We examine three situations that exacerbated High River's vulnerability to flooding: (a) lack of legislative changes (b) insufficient updating of flood hazard maps, and (c) absence of flood risk notification on land titles. We analyze these situations through the recently developed threaded situation analysis (TSA) approach, demonstrating that it allows for a more comprehensive analysis than similar analytical frameworks. As part of this analysis we examine why certain social practices languish or are suppressed while others become dominant and capture actors’ willful attempts to influence practices. Although numerous scholars have critiqued centralized (top-down) approaches to flood risk governance (FRG), our article contributes to the disaster scholarship by unraveling the social construction of the 2013 Alberta flooding disaster and providing evidence of how decentralized (bottom-up) practices can impede changes that are critical for reducing flooding vulnerability.","PeriodicalId":84928,"journal":{"name":"International journal of mass emergencies and disasters","volume":"19 1","pages":"308 - 339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87193143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Towards Understanding Collective Distress: A Study of Distressed Communities in Vidarbha, India 走向理解集体痛苦:印度维达尔巴的贫困社区研究

International journal of mass emergencies and disasters Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/028072702003800304

Jacquleen Joseph, S. Jaswal

{"title":"Towards Understanding Collective Distress: A Study of Distressed Communities in Vidarbha, India","authors":"Jacquleen Joseph, S. Jaswal","doi":"10.1177/028072702003800304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/028072702003800304","url":null,"abstract":"Agrarian crisis and farmer's suicide is a serious concern in many countries across the world, including India, which has the largest body of small farmers. Though large regions are identified as highly distressed, research has been limited to individual suicidal behavior. Exploration among the general population to understand context-specific factors contributing to collective distress have been almost non-existent and this paper addresses this gap. In this study, the authors conceptualize and test a psychosocial framework using structural equation models to identify factors contributing to distress. A systematic random sampling technique was used to sample 10,402 respondents from 320 vulnerable villages in six districts of Vidarbha. The analysis identifies stressors as a domain that increases distress. The protective factors’ role in moderating distress was minimal. The individual social status characteristics had a significant contribution in explaining the variation in distress. The study provides a road map for future research to establish broad social characteristics that determine distress and enable informed policy formulation and practice.","PeriodicalId":84928,"journal":{"name":"International journal of mass emergencies and disasters","volume":"48 1","pages":"340 - 372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79728718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Book Review: Review of Managing Hurricane Katrina: Lessons from a Megacrisis 书评:《卡特里娜飓风管理:一次大危机的教训》书评

International journal of mass emergencies and disasters Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/028072702003800307

Samantha Penta

引用次数: 0